英国年轻人喝酒

　　Neil: …and hello, I'm Neil.
Rob: Hello Neil. Today we’re talking about the increase in the number of young people who have decided¹ not to drink alcohol.
Neil: We're particularly talking about young people in the UK - teenagers and people in their early twenties. In some countries, drinking is not a big issue, but in Britain, we’re seeing a change in attitude - in other words, a change in people’s beliefs and behaviour.
Rob: Now, I started to drink alcohol in my mid-teens. It made me feel grown-up and helped me let my hair down at parties. It didn't always taste good though! What about you Neil - when did you start drinking?
Neil: Just like you Rob, I started drinking in my mid-teens, I'd say. It's a big part of the British social life I would say.
Rob: Yes, and you've never stopped?
Neil: Not to this minute!
Rob: Well, teenagers in the UK may have had a reputation - they were known for binge drinking. That means drinking lots of alcohol and very quickly. But as we'll hear, that image is changing. And we’ll be looking at some vocabulary around the topic of drinking - but not before I give you Neil a question to stew² over.
Neil: 'To stew over'! You mean to think about - so go on, let's have it.
Rob: OK, well, alcoholic³ drinks can be measured in units. This gives drinkers a guide to how much they've consumed - or drunk. Drinking too many units of alcohol can be bad for your health. So how well do you know your units Neil? Do you know how many units there are in a typical bottle of wine? Is it:
a) 8
b) 10
c) 13
Neil: I am going to go for 13. I'm pretty confident about this one.
Rob: Unlucky for some, but we’ll find out if you are right or wrong later on. Did you know the UK National Health Service recommends that a man should not drink more than 3 or 4 units of alcohol a day, and for women it's 2 or 3 units?
Neil: But we know some young people in the UK who drink far more than that and get intoxicated⁴ - another word for getting drunk. And this often leads to a hangover - feeling tired and ill the day after drinking - or worse.
Rob: Well, a report earlier this year by the BBC's Asian Network, found this picture is changing. Young people are drinking less, or not at all - they are abstaining⁵.
Neil: That's good news. I find, even at my age, cutting back on drinking is a hard thing to do. It takes willpower - that's the ability to control my own behaviour.
Rob: Yes, of course this is not an issue for people from certain cultures, who don’t drink alcohol because of their religious beliefs. But for others, there are a number of changes that have encouraged younger people to remain sober - or not get drunk.
Neil: Well, there have been awareness⁶ campaigns - that's when organised publicity⁷ in the media has shown the benefits of not drinking. Also, British pubs and clubs have been stricter when stopping underage drinkers from buying alcohol.
Rob: Yes, because officially you have to be 18 years old before you can buy alcohol. Another reason is the recession - people can't afford to go out and drink.
Neil: But Jonathan Birdwell, who's a senior researcher at the think-tank Demos, has another reason. A think-tank, by the way, is a group of experts brought together, usually by a government, to develop ideas on a particular subject and to make suggestions for action. See if you can hear what his reason is…
Jonathan Birdwell, Senior Researcher for Demos:
Around 2004 we see the rise of awareness campaigns around units to consume, and daily guidelines, we see the arrival of 'drink aware' labels on alcohol. We also see the rise of negative media stories around binge drinking culture.
I think also significant, is the rise of social media technologies, smartphones, iPads. You know we have not only new ways of interacting with our friends, which takes up time, but we also have multiple forms of entertainment that didn't exist, say ten years ago.
Rob: Interesting! One factor for the change is the rise - the increase - in people using social media technology. He calls this significant - so it’s important. 6 Minute English ?British Broadcasting Corporation 2014 Page 3 of 4 bbclearningenglish.com
Neil: Yes, all this interaction with our friends takes up time. And time is also taken up using what he calls multiple forms of entertainment - things like gaming and watching films online. There's more of it now.
Rob: So maybe one way to cut down on drinking is to keep busy! But does this mean going out boozing - or drinking alcohol - is a thing of the past?
Neil: Not yet, Rob. Although there are more coffee shops and ice cream parlours now, to spend time in - alcohol abuse still remains⁸ a problem among the young in the UK.
Rob: Well, on that sobering thought, let me reveal the answer to the question I set you earlier. I asked if you knew how many units there are in a typical bottle of wine. Is it:
a) 8
b) 10
c) 13
Neil: I said 13 but I want to change my mind and say b) 10.
Rob: Well, actually, that's a good idea because it is 10. Did you know that one unit equals 10 ml or 8 grams of pure alcohol, which is around the amount of alcohol the average adult can process in one hour? OK, before we go, please could you remind us of some of the words and phrases that we've heard today?
Neil: Yes, we heard:
attitude
let my hair down
binge drinking
consumed
intoxicated
hangover
abstaining
willpower
sober
awareness campaigns
boozing
Rob: Thanks. Well, it's time now for a healthy glass of orange juice I think. We hope you’ve enjoyed today’s programme. Please join us again soon for another 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. Bye.
Neil: Cheers!

1 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

2 stew   

n.炖汤，焖，烦恼；v.炖汤，焖，忧虑

参考例句：

• The stew must be boiled up before serving.炖肉必须煮熟才能上桌。
• There's no need to get in a stew.没有必要烦恼。

3 alcoholic   

adj.（含）酒精的，由酒精引起的；n.酗酒者

参考例句：

• The alcoholic strength of brandy far exceeds that of wine.白兰地的酒精浓度远远超过葡萄酒。
• Alcoholic drinks act as a poison to a child.酒精饮料对小孩犹如毒药。

4 intoxicated   

喝醉的，极其兴奋的

参考例句：

• She was intoxicated with success. 她为成功所陶醉。
• They became deeply intoxicated and totally disoriented. 他们酩酊大醉，东南西北全然不辨。

5 abstaining   

戒（尤指酒），戒除( abstain的现在分词 )； 弃权（不投票）

参考例句：

• Abstaining from killing, from taking what is not given, & from illicIt'sex. 诸比丘！远离杀生，远离不与取，于爱欲远离邪行。
• Abstaining from arguments was also linked to an unusual daily cortisol pattern. 压抑争吵也造成每日异常的皮质醇波动。

6 awareness   

n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智

参考例句：

• There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
• Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

7 publicity   

n.众所周知，闻名；宣传，广告

参考例句：

• The singer star's marriage got a lot of publicity.这位歌星的婚事引起了公众的关注。
• He dismissed the event as just a publicity gimmick.他不理会这件事，只当它是一种宣传手法。

8 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。