Fiji reports 60 cases of typhoid

 　　SUVA, Dec. 18 (Xinhua) -- There are 60 typhoid cases in Nanoko, with 29 already hospitalized, according to Fiji's Health Ministry¹.

　　Senior Health Inspector² Paula Laqere said Sunday that the increas means that people are not practicing proper hygiene³ standards. Laqere said most of the communities in Fiji have a really low level of good hygiene practices.

　　The other problem is that some communities in Fiji have very poor sources of clean and safe water and this is what Fijian guests need to be cautious of.

　　"Typhoid is basically spread through contaminated water and our hygiene practices. It's an indicator⁴ that the sanitation⁵ level of any community is really low."

　　A 30 day public health emergency is in place for the village, effective from Dec. 12 to Jan. 12.

　　Recently, Fiji recorded rates of high typhoid fever in the world, said WHO South Pacific Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response Team leader doctor Jacob Kool.Kool said typhoid fever was difficult to diagnose and could be fatal in 10-20 percent of untreated patients.

　　Recent studies showed that infants are commonly affected⁶ and are extremely vulnerable to the disease. Outbreaks occur regularly in areas with poor hygiene and sanitation including urban slums, he said.

　　Kool said the only reliable symptom was prolonged fever and blood and stool culture are still the best available diagnostic tests but have a high rate of false negative results. He said therefore suspected typhoid cases should be treated regardless of the result of lab tests and ciprofloxacin was the recommended therapy for all age groups.Last year AusAID, WHO and UNICEF launched a typhoid fever vaccination⁷ campaign in Fiji.

1 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

2 inspector   

n.检查员，监察员，视察员

参考例句：

• The inspector was interested in everything pertaining to the school.视察员对有关学校的一切都感兴趣。
• The inspector was shining a flashlight onto the tickets.查票员打着手电筒查看车票。

3 hygiene   

n.健康法，卫生学 （a.hygienic）

参考例句：

• Their course of study includes elementary hygiene and medical theory.他们的课程包括基础卫生学和医疗知识。
• He's going to give us a lecture on public hygiene.他要给我们作关于公共卫生方面的报告。

4 indicator   

n.指标；指示物，指示者；指示器

参考例句：

• Gold prices are often seen as an indicator of inflation.黃金价格常常被看作是通货膨胀的指标。
• His left-hand indicator is flashing.他左手边的转向灯正在闪亮。

5 sanitation   

n.公共卫生，环境卫生，卫生设备

参考例句：

• The location is exceptionally poor,viewed from the sanitation point.从卫生角度来看，这个地段非常糟糕。
• Many illnesses are the result,f inadequate sanitation.许多疾病都来源于不健全的卫生设施。

6 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

7 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。