伊核谈判协议触动以色列神经

 　　伊核谈判协议触动以色列神经

　　JERUSALEM, Nov. 24 (Xinhua) -- The interim¹ agreement signed between the P5+1 countries and Iran drew harsh responses on Sunday from Israeli officials.

　　Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said the agreement was a "historic mistake" on Sunday and reiterated² how dangerous the deal is to Israel's safety, stressing that Israel is not bound by it and that attacking Iran is still an option on the table for the Jewish state.

　　Israel, the only country in the Middle East that is widely believed to have nuclear weapons and has not signed on the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, views Iran as an "existential threat."

　　However, there wasn't always animosity between Israel and Iran. Before 1979 there existed surprising warmth between the two countries. Iran was the second country with a Muslim majority to acknowledge the state of Israel following its establishment and there was multi-level cooperation between them.

　　The diplomatic ties were severed³ in 1979, with the Islamic Revolution, but that didn't stop the Israeli military establishment from selling 75 million U.S. dollars' worth of weapons and equipment to assist Iran in its war against Iraq, a mutual⁴ enemy.

　　That was apparently⁵ the last time such cooperation took place. Since then, animosity between the two nations grew strong, with public accusations⁶ and insults traded between both sides.

　　Anti-western and anti-Israeli sentiments intensified⁷ in Iran after 1979 and were expressed in its leaders' statements; Iran's Supreme⁸ Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei in 2000 called Israel a " cancerous tumor⁹" and the nickname for Israel in Iran was "the little devil." In 2005, hawkish¹⁰ president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad said that Israel should be "wiped off the map."

　　Iran started its nuclear program in the 1950's, back when it was an ally to the United States. It was put on a shelf until the 90's and early 2000's, when more nuclear reactors¹¹ in Iran started to appear on the international community's radar¹².

　　During the past two decades, Israel had repeatedly opposed Iran 's nuclear plan and has tried to convince the world powers to do the same.

　　Early on in his political career, Netanyahu claimed Iranian nuclear ambitions were a threat to Israel and made it the central topic on the agenda for his government, specifically in the past three years.

　　In 2007, Israel slammed a report issued by the International Atomic Energy Agency claiming Iran had stopped its nuclear program in 2003. It called for action, namely sanctions, to be instated against Iran to pressure the country to reconsider its nuclear ambitions.

　　U.S. intelligence agencies in August 2012 followed Israel's lead, claiming they believed Iran was also making steps to achieve a nuclear weapons program.

　　A month later, while speaking in front of the United Nations General Assembly in New York, Netanyahu drew "Israel's red line" which sought to prevent Iran from accessing 250 kg of 20 percent- enriched uranium, the amount necessary to create an operational nuclear bomb.

　　Netanyahu together with former Defense¹³ Minister Ehud Barak dropped hints throughout the last two years about a possible Israeli military strike in response to the nuclear plan.

　　According to reports by financial newspapers in Israel, billions of dollars were spent in preparation for such an attack and military maneuvers¹⁴ signaled a possible strike.

　　This position, however, was met with opposition¹⁵ from chiefs of military and intelligence who said Israel cannot attack Iran alone without the support of the United States, among other criticism about the outcomes of such a move (which may result in thousands of civilian¹⁶ deaths in Israel) and its influence on Israel's international status.

　　A new chapter was opened in Iranian-Western relations with the election of President Hassan Rouhani, who succeeded the controversial president Ahmedinijad. Drowning in financial troubles amid the sanctions, Rouhani's administration approached the West to start a new relationship.

　　Netanyahu and members of his coalition¹⁷ campaigned internationally against Iran's overtures¹⁸, calling them "a smiles campaign" and Rouhani a "wolf in sheep's clothing," while stressing Iran's intentions were deceitful.

　　He met with and phoned various world leaders encouraging them to adopt his position, and, in France, Israel's position did gain momentum¹⁹ among the administration of President Francois Hollande, who was warmly received in Jerusalem last week.

　　However, in a meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin on Nov. 20 in Moscow, Netanyahu had little influence.

　　A COMING STRIKE?

　　Netanyahu and other officials have repeatedly said that Israel reserves the right to defend itself, and therefore, strike Iran if necessary.

　　Israel's relationship with its major traditional ally, the United States, has chilled in the past several months over disagreements on how Iran should be dealt with.

　　These tensions reached a climax²⁰ last week as Israeli Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman said that Israel should perhaps seek a new ally, other than the United States.

　　Netanyahu and other Israeli officials are also looking forward to the next phase - a final agreement to be reached between Iran and the international community - and may take matters into their own hands if they don't like what they see or if they perceive the odds²¹ are stacked against them.

　　What's certain is that for Israeli officials, the long battle to convince the world of the dangers of a nuclear Iran is not over.

1 interim   

adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间

参考例句：

• The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
• It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。

2 reiterated   

反复地说，重申( reiterate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• "Well, I want to know about it,'she reiterated. “嗯，我一定要知道你的休假日期，"她重复说。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
• Some twenty-two years later President Polk reiterated and elaborated upon these principles. 大约二十二年之后，波尔克总统重申这些原则并且刻意阐释一番。

3 severed   

v.切断，断绝( sever的过去式和过去分词 )；断，裂

参考例句：

• The doctor said I'd severed a vessel in my leg. 医生说我割断了腿上的一根血管。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• We have severed diplomatic relations with that country. 我们与那个国家断绝了外交关系。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 mutual   

adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的

参考例句：

• We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
• Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。

5 apparently   

adv.显然地；表面上，似乎

参考例句：

• An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。
• He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。

6 accusations   

n.指责( accusation的名词复数 )；指控；控告；（被告发、控告的）罪名

参考例句：

• There were accusations of plagiarism. 曾有过关于剽窃的指控。
• He remained unruffled by their accusations. 对于他们的指控他处之泰然。

7 intensified   

v.（使）增强， （使）加剧( intensify的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Violence intensified during the night. 在夜间暴力活动加剧了。
• The drought has intensified. 旱情加剧了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

9 tumor   

n.（肿）瘤，肿块(英)tumour

参考例句：

• He was died of a malignant tumor.他死于恶性肿瘤。
• The surgeons irradiated the tumor.外科医生用X射线照射那个肿瘤。

10 hawkish   

adj. 鹰派的, 强硬派的

参考例句：

• My staff's advice that first day was amazingly hawkish. 在第一天，我的僚属们的意见是令人吃惊的鹰派意见。
• Antiwar groups fear Barack Obama may create hawkish Cabinet. 反战团体担心巴拉克·奥巴马可以创建强硬派内阁。

11 reactors   

起反应的人( reactor的名词复数 )； 反应装置； 原子炉； 核反应堆

参考例句：

• The TMI nuclear facility has two reactors. 三哩岛核设施有两个反应堆。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• The earliest production reactors necessarily used normal uranium as fuel. 最早为生产用的反应堆，必须使用普通铀作为燃料。

12 radar   

n.雷达，无线电探测器

参考例句：

• They are following the flight of an aircraft by radar.他们正在用雷达追踪一架飞机的飞行。
• Enemy ships were detected on the radar.敌舰的影像已显现在雷达上。

13 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

14 maneuvers   

n.策略，谋略，花招( maneuver的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He suspected at once that she had been spying upon his maneuvers. 他立刻猜想到，她已经侦察到他的行动。 来自辞典例句
• Maneuvers in Guizhou occupied the Reds for four months. 贵州境内的作战占了红军四个月的时间。 来自辞典例句

15 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

16 civilian   

adj.平民的，民用的，民众的

参考例句：

• There is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。
• He resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。

17 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

18 overtures   

n.主动的表示，提议；（向某人做出的）友好表示、姿态或提议( overture的名词复数 )；（歌剧、芭蕾舞、音乐剧等的）序曲，前奏曲

参考例句：

• Their government is making overtures for peace. 他们的政府正在提出和平建议。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He had lately begun to make clumsy yet endearing overtures of friendship. 最近他开始主动表示友好，样子笨拙却又招人喜爱。 来自辞典例句

19 momentum   

n.动力，冲力，势头；动量

参考例句：

• We exploit the energy and momentum conservation laws in this way.我们就是这样利用能量和动量守恒定律的。
• The law of momentum conservation could supplant Newton's third law.动量守恒定律可以取代牛顿第三定律。

20 climax   

n.顶点；高潮；v.(使)达到顶点

参考例句：

• The fifth scene was the climax of the play.第五场是全剧的高潮。
• His quarrel with his father brought matters to a climax.他与他父亲的争吵使得事态发展到了顶点。

21 odds   

n.让步，机率，可能性，比率；胜败优劣之别

参考例句：

• The odds are 5 to 1 that she will win.她获胜的机会是五比一。
• Do you know the odds of winning the lottery once?你知道赢得一次彩票的几率多大吗？