中国空气质量达标城市不足10%

 　　Only 9 percent of people in China live in an environment that meets the national air quality standards, according to a scientific journal article.

　　根据一篇科学期刊文章表示，只有9％的中国人生活在符合国家空气质量标准的环境下。

　　The article, published in a scientific journal of the Nature Publishing Group Scientific Reports on October 15, and authored by two experts from the Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, said that among the 190 cities they monitored, only 25 met national air quality standards.

　　该文10月15日发表于自然出版集团科研报告这一科学期刊，由南京信息科技大学的两位专家撰写，文章指出，在他们监测的190个城市中，只有25个达到国家空气质量标准。

　　Analysts¹ said they believe that although China has made headway in recent years in protecting the environment, there's a long way to go.

　　分析专家表示，中国虽然近年来在保护环境方面取得了显著进展，但现实情况仍是任重而道远。

　　The two authors analyzed² the density³ of PM2.5 - airborne particles smaller than 2.5 microns in diameter and a major air pollutant⁴ - collected from the latest air quality monitoring network of China's Ministry⁵ of Environmental Protection in 190 major cities from April 2014 to April 2015.

　　两位作者分析了PM2.5浓度，PM2.5是指空气中直径小于2.5微米的颗粒，是主要的空气污染物，数据采集自中国环保部在190个主要城市从2014年4月至2015年4月的最新空气质量监测网。

　　The article said that the population-weighted exposure to PM2.5 is 61 micrograms per cubic meter, three times higher than the global level.

　　文章指出，人口增加造成PM2.5为每立方米61微克，高于全球水平的三倍。

　　中国空气质量达标城市不足10%

　　It also concluded that the PM2.5 density is generally higher in northern China than in the south, and that the density is higher in inland than coastal⁶ cities.

　　文章还总结到，PM2.5浓度总体来说，北方高于南方，内陆高于沿海。

　　"There is less rainfall in northern China and emissions⁷ from coal-fired heating plants in winter have led to a high density in these areas," Qi Zhiqiang, a research fellow from the Nanjing University-ISC Environmental Health and Safety Academy, told the Global Times.

　　“中国北方降雨较少，冬季燃煤供热厂的废弃排放导致了在这些区域的高密度” ，齐志强，南京大学ISC环境健康与安全研究院的研究员，告诉环球时报。

　　Qi added that based on another report on 161 cities, only 16 cities met national standards in 2014, mostly located in the Pearl River Delta⁸ region.

　　齐补充说，根据对161个城市的另一份报告中，2014年只有16个城市达到国家标准，这些城市主要分布在珠三角地区。

　　The article also said the density of PM2.5 generally peaks in winter and drops during summer. Aside from geographical⁹ factors, a greater amount of PM2.5 is found in spring in the northwestern, central and western parts of China and autumn in eastern China due to sandstorms and open biomass burning.

　　文章还称PM2.5浓度的最高值一般在冬季，夏季期间有所下降。除了地理因素，在西北部、中部和西部地区，春季由于沙尘暴影响，；在东部地区，秋季因露天的生物质燃烧，PM2.5浓度也较高。

　　A report released by environmental campaign group Greenpeace in July showed that PM2.5 density ranked highest in Beijing, Henan and Hebei provinces, while Yunnan and Hainan provinces as well as the Tibet Autonomous¹⁰ Region enjoy the best air quality.

　　由环保运动绿色和平组织在七月发布的报告显示，PM2.5浓度在北京、河南、河北等省排名最高，而云南和海南省以及西藏自治区能享受到最佳的空气质量。

　　The density level of PM2.5 particles in a day radically¹¹ changes after 4 pm, since vehicular traffic increases, according to the article.

　　PM2.5一天的浓度水平在下午4点以后会发生很大的变化，因为车辆流量增加，根据文章指出。

　　The article added that the government needs to determine the specific cause in certain places, as the PM2.5 density varies from place to place and at different times.

　　文章还指出，政府需要确定某些区域高的具体原因，因为地域和时间不同，PM2.5浓度也各不相同。

　　Zhang Yuanxun, an expert at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told the Global Times that it took time to tackle the problem, and has called for stricter law enforcement and harsher punishments.

　　张元勋，一位中国科学院专家，告诉环球时报，解决这一问题需要时间，并呼吁更严格的执法和更严厉的惩罚措施。

　　China has implemented¹² a new environmental protection law, dubbed¹³ as the strictest ever law.

　　中国已经实施了新的环境保护法，并被戏称为有史以来最严格的法律。

1 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。

2 analyzed   

v.分析( analyze的过去式和过去分词 )；分解；解释；对…进行心理分析

参考例句：

• The doctors analyzed the blood sample for anemia. 医生们分析了贫血的血样。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The young man did not analyze the process of his captivation and enrapturement, for love to him was a mystery and could not be analyzed. 这年轻人没有分析自己蛊惑著迷的过程，因为对他来说，爱是个不可分析的迷。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 density   

n.密集，密度，浓度

参考例句：

• The population density of that country is 685 per square mile.那个国家的人口密度为每平方英里685人。
• The region has a very high population density.该地区的人口密度很高。

4 pollutant   

n.污染物质，散布污染物质者

参考例句：

• Coal itself is a heavy pollutant.煤本身就是一种严重的污染物。
• Carbon dioxide may not be a typical air pollutant.二氧化碳可能不是一种典型的污染物。

5 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

6 coastal   

adj.海岸的，沿海的，沿岸的

参考例句：

• The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks.大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。
• This country will fortify the coastal areas.该国将加强沿海地区的防御。

7 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

8 delta   

n.（流的）角洲

参考例句：

• He has been to the delta of the Nile.他曾去过尼罗河三角洲。
• The Nile divides at its mouth and forms a delta.尼罗河在河口分岔，形成了一个三角洲。

9 geographical   

adj.地理的；地区(性)的

参考例句：

• The current survey will have a wider geographical spread.当前的调查将在更广泛的地域范围內进行。
• These birds have a wide geographical distribution.这些鸟的地理分布很广。

10 autonomous   

adj.自治的；独立的

参考例句：

• They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他们自豪地宣布成为新自治省的一部分。
• This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.这件事是属于自治区权限以内的事务。

11 radically   

ad.根本地，本质地

参考例句：

• I think we may have to rethink our policies fairly radically. 我认为我们可能要对我们的政策进行根本的反思。
• The health service must be radically reformed. 公共医疗卫生服务必须进行彻底改革。

12 implemented   

v.实现( implement的过去式和过去分词 )；执行；贯彻；使生效

参考例句：

• This agreement, if not implemented, is a mere scrap of paper. 这个协定如不执行只不过是一纸空文。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• The economy is in danger of collapse unless far-reaching reforms are implemented. 如果不实施影响深远的改革，经济就面临崩溃的危险。 来自辞典例句

13 dubbed   

v.给…起绰号( dub的过去式和过去分词 )；把…称为；配音；复制

参考例句：

• Mathematics was once dubbed the handmaiden of the sciences. 数学曾一度被视为各门科学的基础。
• Is the movie dubbed or does it have subtitles? 这部电影是配音的还是打字幕的？ 来自《简明英汉词典》