新编大学英语阅读4Unit 9

[00:01.76]黑客、破坏者和追踪者
[00:03.53]1 Coursing through arteries,replicating along the way,edging into new sites to wreak¹ havoc²,
[00:07.13]这种病毒通过主干线，一路繁殖，渐渐扩大范围造成严重破坏，
[00:10.73]the virus at first seemed like any other virus that eventually would be defeated by the host's defense³ mechanisms⁴.
[00:15.14]最初看起来似乎和别的病毒一样，最初会被主机的防御系统消灭，
[00:19.55]This,however,was a new,more powerful virus,and it would take advantage of the system's weaknesses,
[00:23.49]实际上这是一种新的，更有杀伤力的病毒。能利用系统的弱点多次进行感染。
[00:27.43]infecting and reinfecting as it traveled through the host.
[00:29.93]当它在主机内活动时，进行传染和再传染
[00:32.44]2 The "Internet Worm",as the virus came to be know,
[00:34.90]人们逐渐得知这种病毒名叫“因特尔网虫”。
[00:37.37]worked its way into thousands of computers connected to the national information infrastructure⁵.
[00:40.88]这种病毒侵入了成千上万台与国家信息设施相连的电脑。
[00:44.39]Created by Cornell University student Robert Morris,it infected more than 6,000 systems,
[00:48.33]科内尔大学的学生罗伯特·莫里斯是这种病毒的创造者。它曾使６，０００多个系统受到感染。
[00:52.27]jamming hard drives and erasing⁶ valuable information before being eliminated in November
[00:55.96]使硬盘失灵，把所有的信息删除掉，直到11月被消灭，
[00:59.65]1988 by engineers at the University of California at Berkeley and at Purdue University in West Lafayette,Indiana.
[01:05.29]直到1988年11月才被加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校和印第安纳州西拉斐特的普度大学的工程师消灭。
[01:10.92]3 That was the first time the Internet and the destructive aims of certain computer experts made the national news.
[01:14.83]就在那一次，因特网和某些电脑专家的破坏性企图首次成为全国新闻。
[01:18.73]It wouldn't be the last.
[01:20.14]但那次不会是最后一次。
[01:21.54]The Internet is just as susceptible⁷ to abuse as any other form of computer technology.
[01:25.14]因特网和其他任何形式的电脑技术一样容易被滥用。
[01:28.74]The only difference is that the malicious⁸ attack comes through telephone lines and across network connections.
[01:32.74]唯一的区别是，这种病毒的攻击是通过电话线和网络连接的。
[01:36.73]Computer vandals can break into any system.
[01:38.55]电脑破坏分子能闯入任何系统，
[01:40.37]Whether it is transportation,finance or defense,no system is 100-percent safe.There will always be individuals who,for one reason or another,are eager to discover the  weak spot in order to penetrate⁹ the system.
[01:49.22]不管是交通、金融，还是防御系统，没有哪个系统是百分之百安全的。总有些人为了各种各样的原因迫切地想发现系统的薄弱点而侵入系统。
[01:58.08]4 Who are these individuals and what do they want?
[01:59.84]这些人是谁，他们想干什么？
[02:01.61]Generally,people who break into computer systems are called"hackers¹⁰".
[02:04.51]这些闯入电脑系统的人一般被称为“黑客”。
[02:07.40]Irrespective of their aims,
[02:08.63]无论他们的目的是什么，
[02:09.85]they tend to inspire a certain admiration¹¹ because they are extremely clever and infinitely¹² more knowledgeable¹³ than the average computer user.
[02:14.80]他们往往受人钦佩，因为他们极其聪明，比一般的电脑用户知识渊博得多。
[02:19.75]Breaking into computer systems--whether it is on the Internet,
[02:22.02]闯入电脑系统——无论是因特网，
[02:24.29]in a bank or a government office--is an illegal activity.
[02:26.75]银行或是政府机关的系统——都是违法行为。
[02:29.22]However,"ordinary?"hackers
[02:30.62]但是“普通”黑客
[02:32.03]who penetrate and explore systems just for the intellectual challenge are regarded as less dangerous than"crackers".
[02:36.49]人们往往认为那样仅仅为了智力上的挑战而侵入或探索系统的黑客不像“破坏者”那些危险。
[02:40.96]The latter are people who break into systems in order to steal or to destroy information.
[02:44.50]“破坏者”是为了窃取或毁坏信息而闯入系统的人。
[02:48.05]They also can remove money from accounts,
[02:49.54]某些黑客还能从帐户中提走钱，
[02:51.04]as Russian "crackers"demonstrated when they stole $ 10 million from Citibank's cash-management system in 1994

1 wreak   

v.发泄；报复

参考例句：

• She had a burning desire to wreak revenge.她复仇心切。
• Timid people always wreak their peevishness on the gentle.怯懦的人总是把满腹牢骚向温和的人发泄。

2 havoc   

n.大破坏，浩劫，大混乱，大杂乱

参考例句：

• The earthquake wreaked havoc on the city.地震对这个城市造成了大破坏。
• This concentration of airborne firepower wrought havoc with the enemy forces.这次机载火力的集中攻击给敌军造成很大破坏。

3 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

4 mechanisms   

n.机械( mechanism的名词复数 )；机械装置；[生物学] 机制；机械作用

参考例句：

• The research will provide direct insight into molecular mechanisms. 这项研究将使人能够直接地了解分子的机理。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He explained how the two mechanisms worked. 他解释这两台机械装置是如何工作的。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

6 erasing   

v.擦掉( erase的现在分词 )；抹去；清除

参考例句：

• He was like a sponge, erasing the past, soaking up the future. 他象一块海绵，挤出过去，吸进未来。 来自辞典例句
• Suddenly, fear overtook longing, erasing memories. 突然，恐惧淹没了渴望，泯灭了回忆。 来自辞典例句

7 susceptible   

adj.过敏的，敏感的；易动感情的，易受感动的

参考例句：

• Children are more susceptible than adults.孩子比成人易受感动。
• We are all susceptible to advertising.我们都易受广告的影响。

8 malicious   

adj.有恶意的，心怀恶意的

参考例句：

• You ought to kick back at such malicious slander. 你应当反击这种恶毒的污蔑。
• Their talk was slightly malicious.他们的谈话有点儿心怀不轨。

9 penetrate   

v.透(渗)入；刺入，刺穿；洞察，了解

参考例句：

• Western ideas penetrate slowly through the East.西方观念逐渐传入东方。
• The sunshine could not penetrate where the trees were thickest.阳光不能透入树木最浓密的地方。

10 hackers   

n.计算机迷( hacker的名词复数 )；私自存取或篡改电脑资料者，电脑“黑客”

参考例句：

• They think of viruses that infect an organization from the outside.They envision hackers breaking into their information vaults. 他们考虑来自外部的感染公司的病毒，他们设想黑客侵入到信息宝库中。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Arranging a meeting with the hackers took weeks againoff-again email exchanges. 通过几星期电子邮件往来安排见面，他们最终同意了。 来自互联网

11 admiration   

n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕

参考例句：

• He was lost in admiration of the beauty of the scene.他对风景之美赞不绝口。
• We have a great admiration for the gold medalists.我们对金牌获得者极为敬佩。

12 infinitely   

adv.无限地，无穷地

参考例句：

• There is an infinitely bright future ahead of us.我们有无限光明的前途。
• The universe is infinitely large.宇宙是无限大的。

13 knowledgeable   

adj.知识渊博的；有见识的

参考例句：

• He's quite knowledgeable about the theatre.他对戏剧很有心得。
• He made some knowledgeable remarks at the meeting.他在会上的发言颇有见地。