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高中英语人教版必修高三32

时间:2010-04-22 01:52来源:互联网 提供网友:huoshiyou   字体: [ ]
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[00:06.09]READING AND SPEAKING
[00:06.37]HERZBERG’S THEORY OF MOTIVATING
[00:08.83]Whether we feel rewarded and content in a job depends on several different aspects.
[00:14.68]The psychologist Frederick Herzberg believed that these could be divided into groups.
[00:20.43]In this “Theory of Motivation”,
[00:22.67]Herzberg called these groups the Hygiene1 Factors and the Motivaton Factors.
[00:28.42]According to Herzberg, hygiene hygiene factors are necessary because they are the aspects which stop employees from leaving to find other jobs.
[00:38.06]Good hygiene factors prevent staff from feeling dissatisfied2,
[00:41.90]but in order to be really happy at work and experience “job satisfaction”,
[00:46.71]employees also need the motivation factors.
[00:50.23]These make a worker feel that his or her job is useful and important.
[00:55.38]If a company has good motivation factors,
[00:58.44]its personnel3 will be enthusiastic and eager to work to the best of their abilities.
[01:04.50]READING
[01:08.02]HOW TO PREPARE FOR A JOB INTERVIEW
[01:11.26]In my experience as human resources manager,
[01:15.18]many job applicants4 are unsuccessful because they fail to prepare for interviews.
[01:20.75]If you ant to get that job, you must do your “homework”!
[01:24.82]First of all, learn as much as you can about the employer5.
[01:29.03]It is essential that you know what the company produces or sells,
[01:33.75]who its customers are, its size and whether it has recently expanded or is planning to.
[01:39.58]If you also understand the culture of the organisation6,
[01:43.11]you can give yourself a competitive7 advantage by ensuring you are “on message” during the interview.
[01:48.46]By culture, I mean the company’s principles and ideals8.
[01:52.27]Look out for words like “mission statement” and “vision” when you are doing your research;
[01:56.98]that is where you will find them.
[01:59.41]Most of the information you need is quite easy to get hold of.
[02:03.25]The company many have a brochure-it is worth calling to ask—or the Internet is an excellent source and most companies have websites these days.
[02:12.31]You should also look at the products yourself, if possible, by going to a local branch or supplier.
[02:17.87]The next step is to get information about the job itself.
[02:21.53]You need to discover what exactly the job will involve,
[02:24.67]what sort of person the company wants and how your skills will fit the position.
[02:30.31]This is less easy, but the general information about the company will give you some clues.
[02:35.77]I suggest you that online for the job title.
[02:38.90]There are so many websites giving information about different occupations that you are sure to find something useful.
[02:45.15]You could ask friends if they know anyone doing a similar job that you could talk to.
[02:51.00]Finally, play for the question you will be asked and practice your answers.
[02:56.07]You can find lists of questions on various career websites.
[02:59.88]Have a look at these and think about how you would reply.
[03:03.41]Some of the question will be quite straightforward9.
[03:06.23]Others however, are tricky10 and could catch you out if you have not thought them through ahead of time.
[03:12.13]For example, you might be asked,
[03:14.46]“What are your strengths and weaknesses?”
[03:17.51]It is not easy to give an honest answer to the “weaknesses” part without sounding negative unless you are well prepared in advance.
[03:24.75]A BUSINESS DECISION
[03:27.80]After a long and heavy week at work Gao Tian is felling tired and a bit fed up.
[03:34.15]As the bus moves slowly through the Friday evening traffic,
[03:37.97]she thinks about her future and the difficult decision she has to make.
[03:42.30]Gao Tian has a good job in a national media corporation11,
[03:46.33]but for some time the idea of starting her own advertising12 agency13 has been developing in her mind.
[03:53.14]Should she give up her job security14 and salary to risk staring her own business?

[03:59.18]Many people like Gao Tian dream of being their own boss.
[04:02.81]Being self-employed offers the chance to be in control,
[04:07.07]to be an employer rather than an employee,
[04:10.20]and to have the freedom to be creative.
[04:12.63]Of course, the possibility of financial success and future wealth is also very attractive.
[04:18.69]With such obvious advantages it is hardly surprising that hundreds of thousands of people every year choose to purse their business dream.
[04:28.07]Go Tain, however, has not decided15.
[04:30.52]She knows it is a big financial commitment16 to set up a business and that she would have to be flexible and work long hours at the beginning.
[04:39.43]Until she could afford and accountant and other staff,
[04:42.85]she alone would do all the paperwork,
[04:45.78]marketing and design,
[04:47.24]and probably take on the roles of receptionist and office cleaner as well.
[04:52.26]Gao Tian would not mid17 this, because she sees it as an exciting part of challenge.
[04:57.46]What is holding her back is the possibility that the business might not be successful.
[05:03.02]Gao Tian has read that the two most common mistakes that cause new businesses to close are poor market research and weak financial planning.
[05:12.76]Concerned that she had no qualifications in these areas,
[05:16.50]she plans to gain the necessary skills by taking a part-time course.
[05:20.94]But she still wonders if going into business is the right decision.
[05:25.17]About that of new companies fail in their first three years,
[05:29.30]often because in their enthusiasm18 to get started,
[05:32.83]business people do not pay enough attention to the potential problems.
[05:37.19]Gao Tian is right to be cautious19 and in fact,
[05:40.35]spending time assessing20 her strengths and weaknesses has already increased her chances of doing well.
[05:46.31]If she does decide to go ahead with her business,
[05:49.47]her careful and professional approach may well lead to something very big in the future.
[05:54.59]After all, Bill Gates started a small business that achieved outstanding success,
[06:00.39]why not Gao Tian?


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 hygiene Kchzr     
n.健康法,卫生学 (a.hygienic)
参考例句:
  • Their course of study includes elementary hygiene and medical theory.他们的课程包括基础卫生学和医疗知识。
  • He's going to give us a lecture on public hygiene.他要给我们作关于公共卫生方面的报告。
2 dissatisfied ftcxP     
a.不满的
参考例句:
  • If you are dissatisfied with our service, please write to the manager. 对我们的服务如有不满,请函告经理。
  • There was a dissatisfied look in the magager's eyes. 经理的眼睛里露出不满的神色。
3 personnel YMsxM     
n.[总称]人员,员工,人事部门
参考例句:
  • The personnel are not happy to change these rules.全体工作人员对改变这些规定很不高兴。
  • Personnel has lost my tax forms.人事部门把我的税收表格给弄丢了。
4 applicants aaea8e805a118b90e86f7044ecfb6d59     
申请人,求职人( applicant的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • There were over 500 applicants for the job. 有500多人申请这份工作。
  • He was impressed by the high calibre of applicants for the job. 求职人员出色的能力给他留下了深刻印象。
5 employer ItNzrt     
n.雇用方,雇主
参考例句:
  • My employer deducted ten pounds from my wages this week.我的雇主从我本周的工钱中扣除了十英镑。
  • His monthly salary is paid into the bank by his employer.他的月薪由雇主替他存入银行。
6 organisation organisation     
n.组织,安排,团体,有机休
参考例句:
  • The method of his organisation work is worth commending.他的组织工作的方法值得称道。
  • His application for membership of the organisation was rejected.他想要加入该组织的申请遭到了拒绝。
7 competitive yOkz5     
adj.竞争的,比赛的,好竞争的,有竞争力的
参考例句:
  • Some kinds of business are competitive.有些商业是要竞争的。
  • These businessmen are both competitive and honourable.这些商人既有竞争性又很诚实。
8 ideals 15c3c214cbafc67c75fb868a79cc9b01     
n.理想的事物[人]( ideal的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • This terrorists brainwashed him into believing in their ideals. 恐怖分子迫使他相信他们的理想。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • One of his ideals is to become a pianist. 他的理想之一是成为钢琴家。 来自《简明英汉词典》
9 straightforward fFfyA     
adj.正直的,坦率的;易懂的,简单的
参考例句:
  • A straightforward talk is better than a flowery speech.巧言不如直说。
  • I must insist on your giving me a straightforward answer.我一定要你给我一个直截了当的回答。
10 tricky 9fCzyd     
adj.狡猾的,奸诈的;(工作等)棘手的,微妙的
参考例句:
  • I'm in a rather tricky position.Can you help me out?我的处境很棘手,你能帮我吗?
  • He avoided this tricky question and talked in generalities.他回避了这个非常微妙的问题,只做了个笼统的表述。
11 corporation Vozzl     
n.公司,企业&n.社团,团体
参考例句:
  • The company has gone into partnership with Swiss Bank Corporation. 这家公司已经和瑞士银行公司建立合作关系。
  • The inflation did the corporation up. 通货膨胀使这个公司破产了。
12 advertising 1zjzi3     
n.广告业;广告活动 a.广告的;广告业务的
参考例句:
  • Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗?
  • The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。
13 agency iKcy0     
n.经办;代理;代理处
参考例句:
  • This disease is spread through the agency of insects.这种疾病是通过昆虫媒介传播的。
  • He spoke in the person of Xinhua News Agency.他代表新华社讲话。
14 security iTdzh     
n.安全,安全感;防护措施;保证(金),抵押(品);债券,证券
参考例句:
  • A security guard brought him down with a flying tackle.一名保安人员飞身把他抱倒。
  • There was tight security at the airport when the President's plane landed.总统的专机降落时,机场的保安措施很严密。
15 decided lvqzZd     
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
参考例句:
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
16 commitment uX0zS     
n.奉献,忠诚,辛劳,委托,实行,承担义务,赞助
参考例句:
  • The builder had a commitment to finish the work on time.那个承建商答应过准时完工。
  • He made a commitment to pay the rent on time.他保证按时付房租。
17 mid doTzSB     
adj.中央的,中间的
参考例句:
  • Our mid-term exam is pending.我们就要期中考试了。
  • He switched over to teaching in mid-career.他在而立之年转入教学工作。
18 enthusiasm ajrzQ     
n.热情,激情;巨大兴趣;热衷的事物
参考例句:
  • We set about our task at once with great enthusiasm.我们立刻兴致勃勃地干起来。
  • A team which is full of enthusiasm is more likely to win.情绪高涨的球队更可能获胜。
19 cautious dUHyv     
adj.十分小心的,谨慎的
参考例句:
  • We should not only be bold,but also be cautious.我们不仅要大胆,而且要谨慎。
  • He was cautious about his work.他对工作非常谨慎。
20 assessing 13559dc1aee639c72a18cfdd24d8ea46     
v.评定( assess的现在分词 );估价;对(财产、收入等)进行估价(作为征税根据);确定(损害赔偿金、税款、罚款等)的金额
参考例句:
  • I then made some groundless remarks, assessing the situation over-optimistically. 我当时放了空炮,对形势作出了过于乐观的分析。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • In choosing a partner we are subconsciously assessing their evolutionary fitness to be a mother of children or father provider and protector. 在选择伴侣的时候,我们会在潜意识里衡量对方将来是否会是称职的母亲或者父亲,是否会是合格的一家之主。 来自《简明英汉词典》
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