2021年经济学人 穆里德·巴尔古提-四处流浪的游子(2)

It was not homesickness he felt, as he shifted his bags and wrote his poems, producing a dozen volumes by the end. Nostalgia¹ was lazy, futile². What he felt was that his will had been broken and replaced by simple anger.

他一边四处漂泊，一边进行诗歌创作，最后写出了十多本诗集时，他感受到的并不是思乡之苦。怀旧是懒惰、徒劳的。他觉得自己的意志被摧毁，取而代之的只有愤怒。

And the question was how to express it, as a poet. He did not want to write in the classical Arab style; he had come to Cairo deliberately³ to keep off the mapped road. Nor did he want to shout for intifada; his ways were quieter. For a while, in Cairo and Beirut, he worked for Radio Palestine, but the bombast⁴ and sloganeering of politics repelled⁵ him.

作为一名诗人，问题是如何将这种情绪表达出来。他不想用古典的阿拉伯风格写作；他特意来到开罗，不想按照既定的套路写作。他也不想为起义军站台；他的生活方式更加安静。他曾在开罗和贝鲁特为巴勒斯坦广播电台工作过一段时间，但他对政治的夸夸其谈和口号感到厌恶。

As a lover of freedom, he could not join a party or pledge allegiance to anyone: all you need to make a tyrant⁶, he wrote, “is a single bend of the knee”. He hated Israel, the occupier, who had taken what was his and covered it with smart white settlements; but he also loathed⁷ the Palestinian parties, Fatah, riddled⁸ with corruption⁹, and Hamas, naively¹⁰ peddling¹¹ myths of power.

作为一个热爱自由的人，他无意加入什么政党，也不会向任何人宣誓效忠:他写道，要造就一个暴君，“只需单膝下跪”。他憎恨占领者以色列，他们夺走了属于他的国土，在土地上盖起了扎眼的白色建筑；但他也憎恨巴勒斯坦政党，法塔赫的内部已经腐败不堪，而哈马斯天真地兜售权力的神话。

In 1999, working briefly¹² for the Palestinian Authority in Ramallah, he tried to blow the whistle on the siphoning-away of funds for a World Bank project. He resigned when he made no impression.

1999年，在拉姆安拉的巴勒斯坦权力机构短暂工作期间，他试图揭发世界银行项目资金被挪用的丑闻。举报无果后，他就辞职了。

His poems had to speak instead. He wrote them as a deliberate contrast to the frothing politicians, simple, concrete, cooled down. He kept his gaze on everyday things, ordinary pleasures and troubles: leading the reader to a window, leaving him to look out. He did not write about blood, rifles, the nation, the word “Palestine”. That pain would appear, he felt, even when he described a forest or a flower—or a small tear in a shirt, which a jailer might have made.

他只能用作品表达。他创作诗歌是为了刻意与那些浮躁的政客形成对比，简单，具体，冷静。他时常关注日常的事物，普通的快乐和烦恼，把读者引到窗前，让读者自己欣赏。他不会写关于鲜血、步枪、国家（“巴勒斯坦”这个词）。即使描写了一片森林或一朵鲜花，或者可能是狱卒把衬衫弄破了一个小洞，他也会把那种痛苦通过笔端表达出来。

As for his own uprooting¹³, “I rubbed the leaf of an orange in my hands/As I had been told to do/So that I could smell its scent/but before my hand could reach my nose/I had lost my home and become a refugee.”

至于自己“背井离乡”，他写道：“前辈曾告知，欲闻橘香气，双手搓橘叶，然尚未触鼻，故土已陷落，此后无根基。”

1 nostalgia   

n.怀乡病，留恋过去，怀旧

参考例句：

• He might be influenced by nostalgia for his happy youth.也许是对年轻时幸福时光的怀恋影响了他。
• I was filled with nostalgia by hearing my favourite old song.我听到这首喜爱的旧歌，心中充满了怀旧之情。

2 futile   

adj.无效的，无用的，无希望的

参考例句：

• They were killed,to the last man,in a futile attack.因为进攻失败，他们全部被杀，无一幸免。
• Their efforts to revive him were futile.他们对他抢救无效。

3 deliberately   

adv.审慎地；蓄意地；故意地

参考例句：

• The girl gave the show away deliberately.女孩故意泄露秘密。
• They deliberately shifted off the argument.他们故意回避这个论点。

4 bombast   

n.高调，夸大之辞

参考例句：

• There was no bombast or conceit in his speech.他的演讲并没有夸大其词和自吹自擂。
• Yasha realized that Wolsky's bombast was unnecessary.雅夏看出沃尔斯基是在无中生有地吹嘘。

5 repelled   

v.击退( repel的过去式和过去分词 )；使厌恶；排斥；推开

参考例句：

• They repelled the enemy. 他们击退了敌军。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The minister tremulously, but decidedly, repelled the old man's arm. 而丁梅斯代尔牧师却哆里哆嗦地断然推开了那老人的胳臂。 来自英汉文学 - 红字

6 tyrant   

n.暴君，专制的君主，残暴的人

参考例句：

• The country was ruled by a despotic tyrant.该国处在一个专制暴君的统治之下。
• The tyrant was deaf to the entreaties of the slaves.暴君听不到奴隶们的哀鸣。

7 loathed   

v.憎恨，厌恶( loathe的过去式和过去分词 )；极不喜欢

参考例句：

• Baker loathed going to this red-haired young pup for supplies. 面包师傅不喜欢去这个红头发的自负的傻小子那里拿原料。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Therefore, above all things else, he loathed his miserable self! 因此，他厌恶不幸的自我尤胜其它！ 来自英汉文学 - 红字

8 riddled   

adj.布满的；充斥的；泛滥的v.解谜，出谜题(riddle的过去分词形式)

参考例句：

• The beams are riddled with woodworm. 这些木梁被蛀虫蛀得都是洞。
• The bodies of the hostages were found riddled with bullets. 在人质的尸体上发现了很多弹孔。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

10 naively   

adv. 天真地

参考例句：

• They naively assume things can only get better. 他们天真地以为情况只会变好。
• In short, Knox's proposal was ill conceived and naively made. 总而言之，诺克斯的建议考虑不周，显示幼稚。

11 peddling   

忙于琐事的，无关紧要的

参考例句：

• He worked as a door-to-door salesman peddling cloths and brushes. 他的工作是上门推销抹布和刷子。
• "If he doesn't like peddling, why doesn't he practice law? "要是他不高兴卖柴火，干吗不当律师呢？

12 briefly   

adv.简单地，简短地

参考例句：

• I want to touch briefly on another aspect of the problem.我想简单地谈一下这个问题的另一方面。
• He was kidnapped and briefly detained by a terrorist group.他被一个恐怖组织绑架并短暂拘禁。

13 uprooting   

n.倒根，挖除伐根v.把（某物）连根拔起( uproot的现在分词 )；根除；赶走；把…赶出家园

参考例句：

• He is hard at work uprooting wild grass in the field. 他正在田里辛苦地芟夷呢。 来自互联网
• A storm raged through the village, uprooting trees and flattening crops. 暴风雨袭击了村庄，拔起了树木，吹倒了庄稼。 来自互联网