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60秒科学:医院里怎么减少差错

时间:2010-10-18 06:35来源:互联网 提供网友:princetngirl   字体: [ ]
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谁都会犯错,特别是在计算器或电子表格里处理数字时。计算自己在披萨上花了多少钱是件小事,而医院里管理药品时,一点儿的差错都可能是致命的,那么,怎么来减少误差的出现呢?

Medical Systems That First Do No Harm

Everyone makes mistakes, especially when it comes to entering numbers into a calculator or spreadsheet. It’s not such a big deal if you’re tracking how much you spend on pizza. But if you’re administering drugs in a hospital, such a slip can be deadly. Now a report in the Journal of the Royal Society Interface1 [see Harold Thimbleby and Paul Cairns,  shows how devices can be programmed to catch at least some mistakes on the spot.

Dosing a patient with 10 times too much medication is disturbingly common. One study suggests this error occurs in 1 percent of all hospital admissions. And though the person punching in the numbers is at fault, most drug-delivery devices don’t help.

In one machine, for example, mistakenly entering a number with two decimal points—like 1.2.3—might be read by the machine as 1.23, or as a 123. To prevent such wild guessing, scientists tested a system that immediately flags any input2 that’s not a real number. According to their analysis, that safeguard alone could cut factor-of-10 errors in half.

Charles Darwin once noted3 that “to kill an error is as good a service as…establishing a new truth or fact.” Even more so when killing4 the error keeps you from killing a patient.
 


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1 interface e5Wx1     
n.接合部位,分界面;v.(使)互相联系
参考例句:
  • My computer has a network interface,which allows me to get to other computers.我的计算机有网络接口可以与其它计算机连在一起。
  • This program has perspicuous interface and extensive application. 该程序界面明了,适用范围广。
2 input X6lxm     
n.输入(物);投入;vt.把(数据等)输入计算机
参考例句:
  • I will forever be grateful for his considerable input.我将永远感激他的大量投入。
  • All this information had to be input onto the computer.所有这些信息都必须输入计算机。
3 noted 5n4zXc     
adj.著名的,知名的
参考例句:
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
4 killing kpBziQ     
n.巨额利润;突然赚大钱,发大财
参考例句:
  • Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
  • Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。
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