美国有线新闻 CNN 美国多州爆发麻疹疫情 疫苗是最有效保护手段

 

AZUZ: Rubella or Rubeola is another term for what? Red gems¹, measles², Martian soil, or clay. This is another term for measles, a contagious³ virus that's characterized by a skin rash.

Other symptoms of measles include a high fever and a cough. And large outbreaks are happening right now in the nations of Israel, Philippines and Ukraine. Over each of the past 10 years, the United States has averaged anywhere from a few dozen to a few hundred measles cases. This year, America has had its second greatest number of diagnosis⁴ since the year 2000. So far, there have been 387 cases of measles confirmed across 15 states. The Centers for Disease Control says measles can be serious, leading to the hospitalization of about 25 percent of those who get the disease.

But it's not usually deadly. There's one death for every 1,000 cases, on average. The CDC says the only way to protect against measles is to get vaccinated⁵. And in the current U.S. outbreaks, most of the children who've contracted the disease were not vaccinated, though a few were and caught the measles anyway. No deaths have been reported. The vaccine⁶ offered in the U.S. is called MMR, which stands for Measles, Mumps⁷ and Rubella.

Doctors say it's more than 90 percent effective at preventing measles if someone who's had MMR is exposed to the virus. But the CDC also says there's a remote chance that the vaccine can cause side effects and serious injuries. And that's why some parents are hesitant to allow it for their children.

1 gems   

growth； economy； management； and customer satisfaction 增长

参考例句：

• a crown studded with gems 镶有宝石的皇冠
• The apt citations and poetic gems have adorned his speeches. 贴切的引语和珠玑般的诗句为他的演说词增添文采。

2 measles   

n.麻疹，风疹，包虫病，痧子

参考例句：

• The doctor is quite definite about Tom having measles.医生十分肯定汤姆得了麻疹。
• The doctor told her to watch out for symptoms of measles.医生叫她注意麻疹出现的症状。

3 contagious   

adj.传染性的，有感染力的

参考例句：

• It's a highly contagious infection.这种病极易传染。
• He's got a contagious laugh.他的笑富有感染力。

4 diagnosis   

n.诊断，诊断结果，调查分析，判断

参考例句：

• His symptoms gave no obvious pointer to a possible diagnosis.他的症状无法作出明确的诊断。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做一次彻底的调查分析。

5 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

6 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

7 mumps   

n.腮腺炎

参考例句：

• Sarah got mumps from her brother.萨拉的弟弟患腮腺炎，传染给她了。
• I was told not go near Charles. He is sickening for mumps.别人告诉我不要走近查尔斯， 他染上了流行性腮腺炎。