大学体验英语听说教程 第四册15

　　Vocabulary Task
Script and Answers
1. A: Lisa, do you still have a sore throat?
B: Yes, I tried gargling with salt water, but it still isn’t any better.
A: Don’t worry. There’s still hope. Go to see a doctor.
B: I guess you’re right.
2. A: I look so stupid with this big zit on my nose.
B: Stop popping it. You know you’re only making it worse.
A: But, what a shame it is! I can’t stand it.
B: Take it easy and you’ll feel better.
3. A: You look exhausted¹. What’s the matter?
B: My baby has been having the runs for several days and I virtually haven’t got much rest.
A: That’s really tough. I’ll come and help you after work.
B: Thank you. I can handle it myself.
4. A: What’s wrong with Jack²? I haven’t seen him for two days.
B: Jack is having a fever and red spots on his skin. The doctor said that he has German measles³.
A: Oh, no! How could that be?
B: Someone in his class had it. Then he got it, too. Some things just can’t be helped.
5. A: Steve got a heart attack last night.
B: Poor Steve, my heart goes out to him. No wonder I didn’t see him today. How is he now?
A: It was close. His nephew took him to hospital in time and he was saved.
B: I hope he can recover soon.
Listening Task
2. Listening Activity
1) First Listening
Answers
1. The second baby was born alive.
2. The baby was transferred to a larger hospital.
3. The baby survived.
2) Second Listening
Answers
1. The baby was born to an RH negative mother and was believed that he was 100% sure to die.
2. The nurse asked for permission to feed the baby by dropper and worked very hard day and night to get some nourishment⁴ in the baby.
3. The baby was transferred to a larger hospital which had more equipment and pediatricians and was saved.
4. Never give up hope even when the odds⁵ are overwhelmingly against you because no one has the wisdom to know how a patient will respond.
Script and Answers to Self-study
Against all odds
One day when I was working in a hospital in Illinois, we had a baby born to (1) an RH negative mother. At that time, it was believed that if a mother with the RH negative blood factor delivered a dead first baby, it was considered (2) a 100% certainty that the second baby would also die. This was the mother’s second baby and the first one had died. Death was expected soon. This was a case where such babies (3) were set aside to die. And so had this one.
The doctor had not ordered a feeding tube inserted so I asked for permission to (4) feed the baby by dropper because it was too weak to suck. He said that he didn’t think it would be of any value, but that I could if I wanted to. I and the rest of the staff worked very hard day and night to (5) get some nourishment in the baby. The baby survived! Day after day the baby continued to survive. Then I started asking the doctor to let us transfer the baby to a larger hospital in Rockford, Illinois. That hospital had more (6) equipment and pediatricians. Finally, the doctor consented and we prepared to transfer the baby to Rockford.
When a transfer was being made from our hospital to the Rockford Hospital, the patient was always (7) accompanied by a nurse. Since I was so involved with the baby, I was asked to be its nurse (8) on this transfer.
This would be my first trip (9) in an ambulance. The other nurses had told me many stories about the ambulance rides. They described it as a wild, wild ride. I was not looking forward to the trip, but since I knew the baby’s condition well, I knew I was the best choice. So, I went. The siren (10) started wailing⁶ as soon as we left the hospital's driveway. On and on the cars in our path quickly (11) pulled over to the side. This ride was so dangerous that I started worrying about my own survival as much as the baby's. I (12) broke out in a sweat. It was only after we arrived at the Rockford Hospital that the driver discovered that he had (13) left the heat on! I could have done without that.
The baby was settled in at the hospital, and each day our reports were that the baby continued to thrive. Some time later we received word that the baby was dismissed from the hospital. And the mother (14) took home a live baby!
I consider this case one of the highlights of my nursing career. I learned one very important thing: Never give up hope even when (15) the odds are overwhelmingly against you because no one has the wisdom to know how a patient will respond.
Real World Listening
1. Predict
Answers
□ Why do some people catch colds?
□ Does an antibiotic⁷ cure a cold?
2. Get the Main Ideas
Answers
1. Antibiotics⁸ kill bacterial⁹ infections and have no effect on viral infections.
2. Kissing doesn’t put you at a high risk for catching¹⁰ a cold.
3. They are often overtired or under physical or emotional stress.
4. The cold virus spreads by coughing and sneezing.
Script
Catch a cold if I kiss her?
Anchorman: Now it’s late autumn. There has been a new resurgence¹¹ of the number of cold sufferers in the school. Today we have invited Doctor Keizer to answer students’ questions on colds. Doctor Keizer, can we be immunized against a cold?
Keizer: Common colds are caused by viral infections. There are over 200 different kinds of cold viruses, the most common being the nose virus. Because there are so many different types of cold viruses, it is highly unlikely that you’ll become immune to having a cold.
Anchorman: That’s too bad. We’ll have to take care so that we don’t catch a cold. Now, we’re ready to take questions.
Student A: Hello, Doctor. If I have a cold, should I be taking an antibiotic?
Keizer: No. Antibiotics kill bacterial infections and have no effect on viral infections. Keep in mind that bacteria build up a resistance to antibiotics; therefore, only use such medication if absolutely necessary.
Student A: My girlfriend has a cold. Can I catch a cold if I kiss her?
Keizer: No. Surprisingly, kissing doesn’t put you at a high risk for catching a cold. The mucous¹² membrane¹³ of the mouth provides sufficient protection against the virus. A good way to get a cold is to get the virus directly in the upper nose, but don’t try this at home.
Student A: Thank you, Doctor.
Student B: Hello, Doctor. Lately I've been getting more colds than usual. Should I be worried?
Keizer: You are probably more prone¹⁴ to catching a cold because you are overtired or under physical or emotional stress. If you smoke, you are more likely to catch a cold and have longer lasting¹⁵ symptoms than a non-smoker. Industrial pollution may also predispose you to catching a cold. Although colds are discomforting, there are few complications associated. Check with your doctor to rule out any other type of medical possibility.
Student C: Hello, Doctor. I have a cold, but I can’t miss class. How can I prevent other people from getting it?
Keizer: The cold virus spreads by coughing and sneezing. Make sure you wash your hands often with warm water and soap and avoid touching¹⁶ your nose and eyes. Don’t share your items with others, like pens, drinking glasses, towel, soap. Keep Kleenexes handy in case you have to sneeze or cough. The organism can infect others readily through the air.
Student D: Hi, Doctor. I don’t have a cold, but my throat hurts. Is it serious?
Keizer: If you have a fever that’s over 38.5℃ or lasts for 24 hours, make an appointment at Student Health Services to see a doctor or a nurse. Make an appointment if you have swollen¹⁷ lymph nodes.
Student E: Hello, Doctor. I......
Real World Speaking
Answer for Reference
Obviously the outcome proves that the doctor had made a mistake and the nurse was right in trying to save the baby. But there are a lot of instances in which doctors know from their experience and the established medical practice that some patients are terminally ill and cannot be saved.

1 exhausted   

adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的

参考例句：

• It was a long haul home and we arrived exhausted.搬运回家的这段路程特别长，到家时我们已筋疲力尽。
• Jenny was exhausted by the hustle of city life.珍妮被城市生活的忙乱弄得筋疲力尽。

2 jack   

n.插座，千斤顶，男人；v.抬起，提醒，扛举；n.（Jake）杰克

参考例句：

• I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。
• He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。

3 measles   

n.麻疹，风疹，包虫病，痧子

参考例句：

• The doctor is quite definite about Tom having measles.医生十分肯定汤姆得了麻疹。
• The doctor told her to watch out for symptoms of measles.医生叫她注意麻疹出现的症状。

4 nourishment   

n.食物，营养品；营养情况

参考例句：

• Lack of proper nourishment reduces their power to resist disease.营养不良降低了他们抵抗疾病的能力。
• He ventured that plants draw part of their nourishment from the air.他大胆提出植物从空气中吸收部分养分的观点。

5 odds   

n.让步，机率，可能性，比率；胜败优劣之别

参考例句：

• The odds are 5 to 1 that she will win.她获胜的机会是五比一。
• Do you know the odds of winning the lottery once?你知道赢得一次彩票的几率多大吗？

6 wailing   

v.哭叫，哀号( wail的现在分词 )；沱

参考例句：

• A police car raced past with its siren wailing. 一辆警车鸣着警报器飞驰而过。
• The little girl was wailing miserably. 那小女孩难过得号啕大哭。

7 antibiotic   

adj.抗菌的；n.抗生素

参考例句：

• The doctor said that I should take some antibiotic.医生说我应该服些用抗生素。
• Antibiotic can be used against infection.抗菌素可以用来防止感染。

8 antibiotics   

n.（用作复数）抗生素；（用作单数）抗生物质的研究；抗生素，抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
• The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。

9 bacterial   

a.细菌的

参考例句：

• Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间，细菌繁殖加快了。
• Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。

10 catching   

adj.易传染的，有魅力的，迷人的，接住

参考例句：

• There are those who think eczema is catching.有人就是认为湿疹会传染。
• Enthusiasm is very catching.热情非常富有感染力。

11 resurgence   

n.再起，复活，再现

参考例句：

• A resurgence of his grief swept over Nim.悲痛又涌上了尼姆的心头。
• Police say drugs traffickers are behind the resurgence of violence.警方说毒贩是暴力活动重新抬头的罪魁祸首。

12 mucous   

adj. 黏液的，似黏液的

参考例句：

• Healthy,skin,mucous membranes,and cilia are natural barriers to many viruses.健康的皮肤，粘膜和纤毛是许多病毒的天然屏障。
• Seromucous glands contain both mucous and serous cells.浆粘液腺既含有粘液性细胞，又含有浆液性细胞。

13 membrane   

n.薄膜，膜皮，羊皮纸

参考例句：

• A vibrating membrane in the ear helps to convey sounds to the brain.耳膜的振动帮助声音传送到大脑。
• A plastic membrane serves as selective diffusion barrier.一层塑料薄膜起着选择性渗透屏障的作用。

14 prone   

adj.(to)易于…的，很可能…的；俯卧的

参考例句：

• Some people are prone to jump to hasty conclusions.有些人往往作出轻率的结论。
• He is prone to lose his temper when people disagree with him.人家一不同意他的意见,他就发脾气。

15 lasting   

adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持

参考例句：

• The lasting war debased the value of the dollar.持久的战争使美元贬值。
• We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.我们希望这些纠纷能获得永久的解决。

16 touching   

adj.动人的，使人感伤的

参考例句：

• It was a touching sight.这是一幅动人的景象。
• His letter was touching.他的信很感人。

17 swollen   

adj.肿大的，水涨的；v.使变大，肿胀

参考例句：

• Her legs had got swollen from standing up all day.因为整天站着，她的双腿已经肿了。
• A mosquito had bitten her and her arm had swollen up.蚊子叮了她，她的手臂肿起来了。