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【英语时差8,16】在企鹅蛋壳上行走

时间:2015-10-29 05:52来源:互联网 提供网友:yajing   字体: [ ]
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 Walking on penguin1 eggshells on this Moment of Science.   Yael: Today, we're talking penguin eggs.

Don: Why?
Y: Penguins2 lay their eggs on hard surfaces near coastlines, or they might dig burrows3 if the soil permits. And because they're optimized4 for swimming rather than walking, it's difficult for penguins to gather a lot of soft nesting material. See the problem?
D: Hmm! the penguin lifestyle isn't exactly eggshell-friendly.
Y: And that's not counting the nasty fights penguins can get into over things like space for their nests or burrows, and the stones that some species pile up around their nests if they're in the open.
D: I bet all that hubbub5 isn't very good for eggs either. So do penguins lose more eggs than other species?
Y: Actually, according to one study, only 2.6 percent of penguin eggs break from causes other than human interference or predators6. That rate is similar to the rate in the rest of the bird world, even including those birds that have cushy nests and never fight near their eggs.
D: So how do they do it? By producing thicker shells?
Y: Yep. Penguin eggshells are fifty percent thicker than expected for their size. But it isn't easy to produce thick egg shells. It requires a lot of calcium7, more than female penguins normally get in their diets.
D: And they can't just run to the store for a supplement.
Y: Nope. So in the period right before they lay eggs, female penguins eat a lot of mollusks. The clam8 and mussel shells in their stomachs slowly leach9 calcium which is then used to form eggshells. Incidentally, thicker shells also help prevent breakage for birds that lay eggs on rocks, and for ostriches10 and rheas.
D: I always did wonder about those ostriches.  

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1 penguin W3jzf     
n.企鹅
参考例句:
  • The penguin is a flightless bird.企鹅是一种不会飞的鸟。
  • He walked with an awkward gait like a penguin.他走路的步子难看得就像企鹅。
2 penguins fc5bf5a50fd6b440a35d113f324c5e75     
n.企鹅( penguin的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Why can penguins live in cold environment? 为什么企鹅能生活在寒冷的环境中? 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Whales, seals, penguins, and turtles have flippers. 鲸、海豹,企鹅和海龟均有鳍形肢。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
3 burrows 6f0e89270b16e255aa86501b6ccbc5f3     
n.地洞( burrow的名词复数 )v.挖掘(洞穴),挖洞( burrow的第三人称单数 );翻寻
参考例句:
  • The intertidal beach unit contains some organism burrows. 潮间海滩单元含有一些生物潜穴。 来自辞典例句
  • A mole burrows its way through the ground. 鼹鼠会在地下钻洞前进。 来自辞典例句
4 optimized 81c61ac8ff2adb570ce4c7e7dfed59bd     
adj.最佳化的,(使)最优化的v.使最优化,使尽可能有效( optimize的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • We are often asked whether consumer Web sites should be optimized for beginners or intermediates. 我们常常被问到这样的问题:消费类网站究竟应该为新手而优化,还是应该为中间用户而优化? 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
  • GOOGLE Advertising optimized sequence, greatly increasing the advertising effect. 优化了GOOGLE广告位排列顺序,大大增加了广告效果。 来自互联网
5 hubbub uQizN     
n.嘈杂;骚乱
参考例句:
  • The hubbub of voices drowned out the host's voice.嘈杂的声音淹没了主人的声音。
  • He concentrated on the work in hand,and the hubbub outside the room simply flowed over him.他埋头于手头的工作,室外的吵闹声他简直象没有听见一般。
6 predators 48b965855934a5395e409c1112d94f63     
n.食肉动物( predator的名词复数 );奴役他人者(尤指在财务或性关系方面)
参考例句:
  • birds and their earthbound predators 鸟和地面上捕食它们的动物
  • The eyes of predators are highly sensitive to the slightest movement. 捕食性动物的眼睛能感觉到最细小的动静。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 calcium sNdzY     
n.钙(化学符号Ca)
参考例句:
  • We need calcium to make bones.我们需要钙来壮骨。
  • Calcium is found most abundantly in milk.奶含钙最丰富。
8 clam Fq3zk     
n.蛤,蛤肉
参考例句:
  • Yup!I also like clam soup and sea cucumbers.对呀!我还喜欢蛤仔汤和海参。
  • The barnacle and the clam are two examples of filter feeders.藤壶和蛤类是滤过觅食者的两种例子。
9 leach uxCyN     
v.分离,过滤掉;n.过滤;过滤器
参考例句:
  • Liquid water can leach soluble materials from the interface.液态水能够从界面溶解出可溶性物质。
  • They believe that the humic materials are leached from decaying plant materials.他们认为腐植物料是从腐烂的植物体浸沥而来。
10 ostriches 527632ac780f6daef4ae4634bb94d739     
n.鸵鸟( ostrich的名词复数 );逃避现实的人,不愿正视现实者
参考例句:
  • They are the silliest lot of old ostriches I ever heard of. 他们真是我闻所未闻的一群最傻的老鸵鸟。 来自辞典例句
  • How ostriches could bear to run so hard in this heat I never succeed in understanding. 驼鸟在这样干燥炎热的地带为什么能疾速长跑,我永远也理解不了。 来自辞典例句
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