经济学人507:阿里埃勒·沙龙 也许会有人怀念他

 　　Leaders

　　社论精粹

　　Ariel Sharon

　　阿里埃勒·沙龙

　　He may be missed

　　也许会有人怀念他

　　Israel needed—and still needs—a man like Ariel Sharon to bludgeon a path to peace

　　以色列曾经需要—现在依旧需要—像阿里埃勒·沙龙那样的人去为和平开路

　　HOW strange that a man widely reviled¹ for most of his adult life as a warmonger², even by many of his fellow Israelis, might have been the one to bring about a lasting³ peace between Jews and Arabs—and a proper state for Palestine—had he survived in fair health for another five years or so as prime minister.

　　一个人被视为好战分子，广受批评，甚至许多批评来自他的以色列同胞，但如果他能健康地作为总理多撑5年，就最有可能为犹太人和阿拉伯人带来持久和平，这是多不可思议啊。

　　Ariel Sharon, who died on January 11th after lying in a coma⁴ for eight years following a stroke that struck him down at the height of his political powers, was a man of moral as well as physical courage.

　　阿里埃勒·沙龙正处于政治权利巅峰时，中风突然来袭，陷入昏迷8年之后，他于1月11日去世。

　　He was a man of vision, too—an example to the current prime minister, Binyamin Netanyahu.

　　沙龙道德高尚，无所畏惧，他还富有远见卓识，是现任总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡之榜样。

　　For many years Mr Sharon saw Israelas a fortress⁵ to be defended so ferociously⁶ that no Arab could hope to destroy it.

　　在许多年里，沙龙都视以色列为堡垒，要坚决捍卫，不给阿拉伯人任何摧毁堡垒的希望。

　　When, as prime minister, he dramatically changed tack⁷ by deciding to evacuate⁸ the Gaza Strip, evicting⁹ thousands of Jewish settlers for whom he had previously¹⁰ been the doughtiest champion, he faced down Israel's hard right.

　　在总理任上，沙龙的路线大幅改变，压住了以色列的强硬右翼势力，决定疏散加沙地带，让几千犹太定居者从加沙撤出，这些犹太定居者之前曾视沙龙为最坚定的领袖。

　　It was an act of courage as well as pragmatism.

　　这一举动既需要勇气，又要有务实精神。

　　At the time he sought to persuade the outraged¹¹ settlers and their influential¹² lobby that he would not then proceed to wrest¹³ the West Bankfrom their grip, handing it back to the Palestinians as the basis of their state.

　　沙龙当时试图说服愤怒的定居者及其势力强大的说客团，称他不会将约旦河西岸从他们手中拿走，让巴勒斯坦人作为建国的基础。

　　But he might well have changed his mind on this score, too.

　　但沙龙在这一事上可能也改变了主意。

　　The dilemma¹⁴ Mr Sharon had the courage to confront in 2005 is the same one that Mr Netanyahu keep on running away from.

　　2005年沙龙有勇气去直面困境，但内塔尼亚胡却一直在逃避这种困境。

　　If Israelis to remain a democracy, it cannot indefinitely occupy theWest Bankwhile also denying the Palestinians full political rights in a Greater Israel.

　　如果以色列依然要以民主国家的形式存在，它就不能一直占着约旦河西岸，同时又否认巴勒斯坦人在大以色列中具有完全政治权利。

　　Yet a Palestinian majority—and the demography¹⁵ is heading that way—would mean the end ofIsraelas a predominantly Jewish state.

　　然而，如果巴勒斯坦人成为多数—在人口分布上也正逐渐如此—就意味着以色列不再是一个犹太人为主的国家。

　　If Israel wants to remain both Jewish and a democracy, the only workable alternative is to give the Palestinians a state of their own, thereby¹⁶ accepting that Israel must vacate most of that hallowed land on the West Bank. Giving upGazawas the first step.

　　如果以色列既要保持犹太性质，又要实行民主，唯一可行的方案是给巴勒斯坦人一个自己的国家，因此也就需要以色列清空多数约旦河西岸被视为神圣的土地。放弃加沙是第一步。

　　What Mr Sharon would have done, nobody knows for certain.

　　没人能确切知道，如果沙龙仍在，他会怎么做。

　　Ehud Olmert, who succeeded Mr Sharon at the head of the party he founded, came tantalisingly close to clinching¹⁷ a deal on theWest Bank.

　　接替沙龙成为其所创党派首脑的埃胡德·奥尔默特几乎就促成了关于约旦河西岸的协议。

　　Looking at other comparably bloodstained conflicts, the most durable¹⁸ peace deals tend to be reached by seasoned warriors²⁰ rather than doe-eyed pacifists.

　　参照其它流血冲突，最持久的和平协议多由经验丰富的战士促成，而不是由天真的和平主义者。

　　Can Bibi match Arik?

　　内塔尼亚胡能及沙龙否？

　　Mr Netanyahu, an artful populist serving his third stint²¹ as prime minister, is neither warrior¹⁹ nor pacifist.

　　内塔尼亚胡是精明的民粹派，现在是其第三任总理任期，他既非战士，也不是和平主义者。

　　In theory, he has accepted that only a proper Palestinian state will secureIsrael's future, but he has failed to show the enthusiasm and flexibility²² needed to achieve it.

　　理论上，他接受只有建立正常的巴勒斯坦国才能保证以色列的未来安全这样的观点，但是他没有实现这一目标所需的热情和灵活性。

　　The settlements keep expanding.

　　定居点的范围还在扩大。

　　Even now, withAmerica's secretary of state, John Kerry, as mediator²³, the Likud party led by Mr Netanyahu has yet officially to accept the idea of a two-state solution.

　　即使是现在，在美国国务卿约翰·克里的斡旋下，内塔尼亚胡领导的利库德集团也没有正式结束双国家方案。

　　And he has other excuses.

　　内塔尼亚胡还有其他理由。

　　Like Mr Sharon, he is boxed in by powerful extremists in his ruling coalition²⁴; the head of one of his main partner-parties is dead against it.

　　跟沙龙一样，他在执政联盟内有来自强势的极端主义者的压力，他其中一个主要合作政党的首脑就坚决反对两国方案。

　　The Palestinians are weak and divided.

　　巴勒斯坦人处弱势，而且四分五裂。

　　Israel, in comparison with its turbulent Arab neighbours, is prosperous, stable and—in the short run, anyway—secure.

　　以色列，与其动乱不息的阿拉伯邻居相比，则显得繁荣稳定，而且，至少是在短期，安全。

　　So why should Mr Netanyahu bother to give in to those tiresome²⁵ Palestinians—and risk being tossed out of office by an angry alliance driven by the West Bank settlers?

　　所以，为什么内塔尼亚胡得向那些烦人的巴勒斯坦人让步？约旦河西岸定居者推波助澜之下，自己则有被怒气冲冲的盟友们赶下台的风险。

　　The answer is that doing anything else is merely playing for time.

　　答案就是，做其他任何事都只是拖延时间。

　　The moment to strike a deal is when you possess most of the cards.

　　促成协议的最佳时机是你手上牌最多的时候。

　　Mr Sharon understood that. He forced his way down a path towards peace, even if it meant losing old comrades and picking up new ones on the way.

　　沙龙就懂这一点。他强势推进通往和平的道路，即使这意味着这失去同志的支持，以及要在途中争取新同志。

　　If Mr Netanyahu wants to be mourned in the same way, he should dwell on that.

　　如果内塔尼亚胡想被以同样的方式铭记，他就应该以此为鉴。

　　1.between and 在两者之间

　　But arrangements were complicated by disagreements between and within the groups.

　　但是，因为这两个组织内部和彼此之间的分歧，安排工作将会十分复杂。

　　The integration²⁶ of information and communications technology ( ict) in business has revolutionized relationships within organizations and those between and among organizations and individuals.

　　商业中的信息与通讯技术的整合改变了组织间以及组织与个人之间的关系。

　　2.decide to 决定做

　　Why did you decide to talk about it?

　　那你为什么还决定把这件事说出来？

　　When you decide to improve your life, you really do.

　　当你决定去改变你的生活，你真的做了。

　　3.as well as 既…又…；除…之外

　　Yet they provoke fear as well as wonder.

　　然而他们也激起了恐惧以及困惑。

　　That implies criticism as well as support.

　　这句话暗示着夫妻间的相互支持以及相互批评。

　　4.keep on 继续

　　Public expectations are enormous and prices keep on rising.

　　尽管群众期望很高，但物价继续攀升。

　　We keep on asking him.

　　我们只能不断地询问他。

1 reviled   

v.辱骂，痛斥( revile的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The tramp reviled the man who drove him off. 流浪汉辱骂那位赶他走开的人。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• The old man reviled against corruption. 那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 warmonger   

n.战争贩子，好战者，主战论者

参考例句：

• The president is not a warmonger.这位总统并非好战分子。
• Since he did not start the war, no one accuses him of being a warmonger.他没有发动战争，所以，没有人可以称他为好战分子。

3 lasting   

adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持

参考例句：

• The lasting war debased the value of the dollar.持久的战争使美元贬值。
• We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.我们希望这些纠纷能获得永久的解决。

4 coma   

n.昏迷，昏迷状态

参考例句：

• The patient rallied from the coma.病人从昏迷中苏醒过来。
• She went into a coma after swallowing a whole bottle of sleeping pills.她吃了一整瓶安眠药后就昏迷过去了。

5 fortress   

n.堡垒，防御工事

参考例句：

• They made an attempt on a fortress.他们试图夺取这一要塞。
• The soldier scaled the wall of the fortress by turret.士兵通过塔车攀登上了要塞的城墙。

6 ferociously   

野蛮地，残忍地

参考例句：

• The buck shook his antlers ferociously. 那雄鹿猛烈地摇动他的鹿角。
• At intervals, he gritted his teeth ferociously. 他不时狠狠的轧平。

7 tack   

n.大头钉；假缝，粗缝

参考例句：

• He is hammering a tack into the wall to hang a picture.他正往墙上钉一枚平头钉用来挂画。
• We are going to tack the map on the wall.我们打算把这张地图钉在墙上。

8 evacuate   

v.遣送；搬空；抽出；排泄；大(小)便

参考例句：

• We must evacuate those soldiers at once!我们必须立即撤出这些士兵！
• They were planning to evacuate the seventy American officials still in the country.他们正计划转移仍滞留在该国的70名美国官员。

9 evicting   

v.（依法从房屋里或土地上）驱逐，赶出( evict的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Money spent on evicting sex offenders cannot be spent on treating them. 花在打击性侵犯者上的钱并不能花在治疗这一社会问题上。 来自互联网
• Money spent on evicting sex offenders cannot be spent on treating them. Does this matter? 钱被花费在驱逐性犯罪者而不是用做教育他们，这样做真的好么？ 来自互联网

10 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

11 outraged   

a.震惊的，义愤填膺的

参考例句：

• Members of Parliament were outraged by the news of the assassination. 议会议员们被这暗杀的消息激怒了。
• He was outraged by their behavior. 他们的行为使他感到愤慨。

12 influential   

adj.有影响的，有权势的

参考例句：

• He always tries to get in with the most influential people.他总是试图巴结最有影响的人物。
• He is a very influential man in the government.他在政府中是个很有影响的人物。

13 wrest   

n.扭，拧，猛夺；v.夺取，猛扭，歪曲

参考例句：

• The officer managed to wrest the gun from his grasp.警官最终把枪从他手中夺走了。
• You wrest my words out of their real meaning.你曲解了我话里的真正含义。

14 dilemma   

n.困境，进退两难的局面

参考例句：

• I am on the horns of a dilemma about the matter.这件事使我进退两难。
• He was thrown into a dilemma.他陷入困境。

15 demography   

n.人口统计，人口学

参考例句：

• Demography is the analysis of population variables.人口学是对人口变量的分析。
• It was once a rule of demography that people have fewer children as their countries get richer.按人口统计学的一贯规律，一个国家里的人民越富有，他们所拥有的孩子就越少。

16 thereby   

adv.因此，从而

参考例句：

• I have never been to that city,,ereby I don't know much about it.我从未去过那座城市，因此对它不怎么熟悉。
• He became a British citizen,thereby gaining the right to vote.他成了英国公民，因而得到了投票权。

17 clinching   

v.（尤指两人）互相紧紧抱[扭]住( clinch的现在分词 )；解决（争端、交易），达成（协议）

参考例句：

• Joe gets clinching evidence of the brains role when he dreams. 乔做梦时得到了大脑发生作用的决定性依据。 来自辞典例句
• Clinching, wrestling, pushing, or seizing, without attempting a throw or other technique. 抱，扭摔，推或抓而没有摔或其它的技术。 来自互联网

18 durable   

adj.持久的，耐久的

参考例句：

• This raincoat is made of very durable material.这件雨衣是用非常耐用的料子做的。
• They frequently require more major durable purchases.他们经常需要购买耐用消费品。

19 warrior   

n.勇士，武士，斗士

参考例句：

• The young man is a bold warrior.这个年轻人是个很英勇的武士。
• A true warrior values glory and honor above life.一个真正的勇士珍视荣誉胜过生命。

20 warriors   

武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• I like reading the stories ofancient warriors. 我喜欢读有关古代武士的故事。
• The warriors speared the man to death. 武士们把那个男子戳死了。

21 stint   

v.节省，限制，停止；n.舍不得化，节约，限制；连续不断的一段时间从事某件事

参考例句：

• He lavished money on his children without stint.他在孩子们身上花钱毫不吝惜。
• We hope that you will not stint your criticism.我们希望您不吝指教。

22 flexibility   

n.柔韧性，弹性，（光的）折射性，灵活性

参考例句：

• Her great strength lies in her flexibility.她的优势在于她灵活变通。
• The flexibility of a man's muscles will lessen as he becomes old.人老了肌肉的柔韧性将降低。

23 mediator   

n.调解人，中介人

参考例句：

• He always takes the role of a mediator in any dispute.他总是在争论中充当调停人的角色。
• He will appear in the role of mediator.他将出演调停者。

24 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

25 tiresome   

adj.令人疲劳的，令人厌倦的

参考例句：

• His doubts and hesitations were tiresome.他的疑惑和犹豫令人厌烦。
• He was tiresome in contending for the value of his own labors.他老为他自己劳动的价值而争强斗胜，令人生厌。

26 integration   

n.一体化，联合，结合

参考例句：

• We are working to bring about closer political integration in the EU.我们正在努力实现欧盟內部更加紧密的政治一体化。
• This was the greatest event in the annals of European integration.这是欧洲统一史上最重大的事件。