2022年经济学人 美国和欧洲在化解俄乌危机方面没有取得任何进展

The world this week -- Politics

本周国际要闻——政治

Despite a blizzard¹ of diplomatic activity, America and Europe came no closer to ending Russia's military threat to Ukraine.

尽管进行了一系列外交活动，但美国和欧洲在结束俄罗斯对乌克兰的军事威胁方面并没有取得任何进展。

After talks in Moscow, Emmanuel Macron said Vladimir Putin had promised not to escalate² the situation, but Russia denied that.

埃马纽埃尔·马克龙在莫斯科会谈后表示，弗拉基米尔·普京承诺不会使局势升级，但俄罗斯否认了这一说法。

In Washington, Joe Biden said a Russian invasion would prompt the cancellation³ of its Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline⁴ to Germany; Olaf Scholz, Germany's new chancellor⁵, was woollier.

在华盛顿，乔·拜登表示，俄罗斯的入侵将导致其通往德国的北溪2号天然气管道被废除；德国新任总理奥拉夫·肖尔茨则更加态度模糊。

France, Germany, Russia and Ukraine were planning to meet in Berlin to discuss the Minsk accords on Ukraine's breakaway region of Donbas, but that deal is unpopular with Ukrainians.

法国、德国、俄罗斯和乌克兰计划在柏林会晤，讨论有关乌克兰分裂地区顿巴斯的明斯克协议，但该协议不受乌克兰人欢迎。

Poland's finance minister resigned after a new tax package intended to benefit low earners instead cost some of them money.

波兰财政部长辞职，此前，一项旨在惠及低收入者的新税收方案反倒给其中一些人造成了损失。

Poland's share of the EU's Covid-19 recovery package is being held up over concerns about the rule of law.

由于对波兰法治机制的担忧，欧盟冻结了该国在新冠肺炎复苏基金计划中的份额。

Jim Watson, the mayor of Canada's capital, Ottawa, declared a state of emergency after protests against a nationwide vaccine⁶ mandate⁷ for lorry-drivers turned violent.

在强制全国范围内卡车司机接种疫苗的命令引发的抗议演变成暴力事件后，加拿大首都渥太华市市长吉姆·沃森宣布该国进入紧急状态。

Justin Trudeau, the prime minister, and his family moved to a secret location.

总理贾斯汀·特鲁多和他的家人搬到了一处秘密的地方。

Protesters also blocked several big border crossings with America.

抗议者还封堵了几个通过美国的大型过境口岸。

In Argentina thousands of people protested against the provisional agreement the government has struck with the imf.

在阿根廷，数千人抗议政府与国际货币基金组织达成的临时协议。

The tentative deal appears to have split the ruling Peronist coalition⁸.

这项临时协议似乎已经分裂了执政的庇隆党联盟。

Women were allowed back into universities in Afghanistan for the first time since the Taliban took over the country in August.

自塔利班8月接管阿富汗以来，该国女性首次获准重返大学。

The group had long opposed education for women and girls, but has recently claimed to have changed its mind as long as classes are segregated⁹.

该组织长期以来一直反对妇女和女孩接受教育，但它最近声称，只要男女班级分开，他们就改变主意。

Many girls, however, remain barred from school.

然而，许多女孩仍被禁止上学。

A row over the right of women in the southern Indian state of Karnataka to wear the hijab to school sparked protests.

在印度南部卡纳塔克邦，一场关于女性是否有权戴头巾上学的争论引发了抗议。

The police responded with tear gas and the government declared that educational institutions in the state would be shut for three days.

警方发射催泪瓦斯应对抗议，政府宣布该邦的教育机构将关闭三天。

The protests spread to Kolkata, a big city in the east of India.

抗议活动蔓延到了印度东部的大城市加尔各答。

Officials from Iran, America and other world powers met in Vienna for a fresh round of negotiations¹⁰ to revive the nuclear deal they signed in 2015.

来自伊朗、美国和其他世界大国的官员在维也纳举行了新一轮谈判，以恢复他们在2015年签署的核协议。

Iran and America, which pulled out of the deal in 2018, are said to be moving closer to an agreement, but big differences remain.

伊朗和美国于2018年退出了该协议，据称两国距达成协议更近了一步，但仍存在很大分歧。

Israel investigated reports that the police used spyware, called Pegasus, to hack¹¹ the phones of local activists¹², officials and businessmen.

据报道，以色列警方使用名为Pegasus的间谍软件窃听当地活动人士、官员和商人的电话。

NSO Group, the Israeli firm that created Pegasus, has already been admonished¹³ for selling its software to authoritarian¹⁴ governments around the world.

开发出Pegasus的以色列公司NSO集团已经因为向世界各地的专制政府出售其软件而受到警告。

1 blizzard   

n.暴风雪

参考例句：

• The blizzard struck while we were still on the mountain.我们还在山上的时候暴风雪就袭来了。
• You'll have to stay here until the blizzard blows itself off.你得等暴风雪停了再走。

2 escalate   

v.(使)逐步增长(或发展)，(使)逐步升级

参考例句：

• It would tempt Israel's neighbors to escalate their demands.它将诱使以色列的邻国不断把他们的要求升级。
• Defeat could cause one side or other to escalate the conflict.失败可能会导致其中一方将冲突升级。

3 cancellation   

n.删除，取消

参考例句：

• Heavy seas can cause cancellation of ferry services.海上风浪太大，可能须要取消渡轮服务。
• Her cancellation of her trip to Paris upset our plan.她取消了巴黎之行打乱了我们的计划。

4 pipeline   

n.管道，管线

参考例句：

• The pipeline supplies Jordan with 15 per cent of its crude oil.该管道供给约旦15%的原油。
• A single pipeline serves all the houses with water.一条单管路给所有的房子供水。

5 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

6 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

7 mandate   

n.托管地；命令，指示

参考例句：

• The President had a clear mandate to end the war.总统得到明确的授权结束那场战争。
• The General Election gave him no such mandate.大选并未授予他这种权力。

8 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

9 segregated   

分开的； 被隔离的

参考例句：

• a culture in which women are segregated from men 妇女受到隔离歧视的文化
• The doctor segregated the child sick with scarlet fever. 大夫把患猩红热的孩子隔离起来。

10 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

11 hack   

n.劈，砍，出租马车；v.劈，砍，干咳

参考例句：

• He made a hack at the log.他朝圆木上砍了一下。
• Early settlers had to hack out a clearing in the forest where they could grow crops.早期移民不得不在森林里劈出空地种庄稼。

12 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 admonished   

v.劝告( admonish的过去式和过去分词 )；训诫；（温和地）责备；轻责

参考例句：

• She was admonished for chewing gum in class. 她在课堂上嚼口香糖，受到了告诫。
• The teacher admonished the child for coming late to school. 那个孩子迟到，老师批评了他。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 authoritarian   

n./adj.专制(的)，专制主义者，独裁主义者

参考例句：

• Foreign diplomats suspect him of authoritarian tendencies.各国外交官怀疑他有着独裁主义倾向。
• The authoritarian policy wasn't proved to be a success.独裁主义的政策证明并不成功。