历届美国总统简介：赫伯特·克拉克·胡佛

赫伯特·克拉克·胡佛是美国第31任总统，赫伯特·克拉克·胡佛生于爱荷华州，毕业于斯坦福大学，作为一个采矿工程师。1897年，胡佛与罗·亨利结婚。亨利受过良好的教育，婚后成为胡佛的贤内助。他们有两个儿子。胡佛为一家公司所雇用去了澳大利亚，后来到中国，在一家私人企业公司工作，作为中国主要的工程师。他在1953年被任命为艾森豪威尔总统的委托主席。在1964年10月20日，胡佛逝世于纽约。24岁的胡佛曾作为美国“白领”被派往中国河北唐山的开滦煤矿“打工”。

Herbert Clark Hoover was the 31st President of the United States, serving between 1929 and 1933. He was born in Iowa in 1874. His father was a blacksmith. He enrolled¹ at Stanford University when it opened in 1891, and graduated as a mining engineer. He married his Stanford sweetheart, Lou Henry, and they went to China, where he worked for a private corporation as China's leading engineer.

 

One week before Hoover celebrated² his 40th birthday in London, Germany declared war on France, and the American Consul³ General asked his help in getting stranded⁴ tourists home. In six weeks his committee helped 120,000 Americans return to the United States. Next Hoover turned to a far more difficult task, to feed Belgium, which had been overrun by the German army.

 

After the United States entered the war, President Wilson appointed Hoover as the head of the Food Administration. He succeeded in cutting consumption of foods needed overseas and avoided rationing⁵ at home, yet kept the Allies fed. He then served as Secretary of Commerce under Presidents Harding and Coolidge. Hoover became the Republican Presidential nominee⁶ and won the 1928 election.

 

The Wall Street Crash of 1929 struck less than eight months into his term. He created many projects to try and end the Great Depression, such as the Hoover Dam. He cut taxes and increased public spending. None of this produced economic recovery. As a result, Hoover is ranked poorly among former presidents. After World War II, he was a fierce opponent of communism. He died in 1964 at the age of 90.

 

1 enrolled   

adj.入学登记了的v.[亦作enrol]( enroll的过去式和过去分词 )；登记，招收，使入伍（或入会、入学等），参加，成为成员；记入名册；卷起，包起

参考例句：

• They have been studying hard from the moment they enrolled. 从入学时起，他们就一直努力学习。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He enrolled with an employment agency for a teaching position. 他在职业介绍所登了记以谋求一个教师的职位。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 celebrated   

adj.有名的，声誉卓著的

参考例句：

• He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
• The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。

3 consul   

n.领事；执政官

参考例句：

• A consul's duty is to help his own nationals.领事的职责是帮助自己的同胞。
• He'll hold the post of consul general for the United States at Shanghai.他将就任美国驻上海总领事(的职务)。

4 stranded   

a.搁浅的，进退两难的

参考例句：

• He was stranded in a strange city without money. 他流落在一个陌生的城市里， 身无分文，一筹莫展。
• I was stranded in the strange town without money or friends. 我困在那陌生的城市，既没有钱，又没有朋友。

5 rationing   

n.定量供应

参考例句：

• Wartime austerities included food rationing and shortage of fuel. 战时的艰苦包括食物配给和燃料短缺。
• Food rationing was abolished in that country long ago. 那个国家早就取消了粮食配给制。

6 nominee   

n.被提名者；被任命者；被推荐者

参考例句：

• His nominee for vice president was elected only after a second ballot.他提名的副总统在两轮投票后才当选。
• Mr.Francisco is standing as the official nominee for the post of District Secretary.弗朗西斯科先生是行政书记职位的正式提名人。