美国学生历史 第28期:殖民地的发展(3)

 　　87. Founding of Georgia, 1732. 87．佐治亚的创建（1732年）

　　In those days it was the custom in England to send persons who could not pay their debts to prison. 在这段时间英格兰的一个惯例是将那些无力还债的人送进监狱，

　　Of course many of these poor debtors¹ were really industrious² persons whom misfortune or sickness had driven into debt. 当然，这些贫穷的负债者中多数其实是勤劳的人，他们因为走了霉运或者疾病而负债。

　　General Oglethorpe, a member of Parliament, looked into the prison management. 议员奥格尔索普将军到监狱中去调查，

　　He was greatly affected³ by the sad fate of these poor debtors, and determined⁴ to do something for them. 这些贫穷负债者的悲惨命运让他感到震惊，他决定为他们做些事。

　　With a number of charitable persons he obtained a part of South Carolina for a colony, 奥格尔索普将军和许多有善心的人获得南卡罗莱纳的一块土地作为殖民地，

　　and named it Georgia for George II, who gave the land. 并根据给他们土地的乔治二世的名字命名它为佐治亚。

　　Parliament also gave money. 议会也拿出钱，

　　For the government thought it very desirable to have a colony between the rich plantations⁵ of Carolina and the Spanish settlements in Florida. 因为政府认为，在富足的卡罗莱纳种植园与佛罗里达西班牙人聚居地之间拥有一处殖民地非常可取。

　　88.Georgia, 1733—52. 88．佐治亚（1733——1752年）

　　Naturally Oglethorpe had no difficulty in getting colonists⁶. 自然，奥格尔索普毫不费力地获得了殖民地居民的拥戴，

　　For the poor debtors and other oppressed persons were very glad to have a new start in life. 因为贫穷的负债者和其他受压迫的人非常愿意开始过新生活，

　　Savannah was founded in 1733. 1733年他们创建萨凡纳。

　　The Spaniards, however, were not at all glad to have an English colony planted so near Florida. 然而，西班牙人一点也不愿意在距离佛罗里达如此近的地方安插一个英国的殖民地，

　　They attacked the Georgians, and Oglethorpe spent years in fighting them. 他们攻击佐治亚人。奥格尔索普花了几年的时间与他们交战。

　　The Georgia colonists found it very difficult to compete with the Carolina planters. 佐治亚殖民地居民发现自身很难与卡罗莱纳的殖民地居民竞争，

　　For the Carolinians had slaves to work for them, 因为卡罗莱纳人有奴隶为他们干活。

　　and the proprietors⁷ of Georgia would not let the Georgians own slaves. 而佐治亚的所有者不让佐治亚人拥有奴隶。

　　Finally they gave way and permitted the colonists to own slaves. 最后，他们做出让步，允许拥有奴隶，

　　But this so disheartened the Georgia proprietors that they gave up the enterprise and handed the colony over to the king. 但是，这令佐治亚人极度沮丧，他们放弃手头产业将这个殖民地交给国王，

　　In this way Georgia became a royal province. 这样佐治亚变成了王室的一个省。

1 debtors   

n.债务人，借方( debtor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Creditors could obtain a writ for the arrest of their debtors. 债权人可以获得逮捕债务人的令状。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Never in a debtors' prison? 从没有因债务坐过牢么？ 来自英汉文学 - 双城记

2 industrious   

adj.勤劳的，刻苦的，奋发的

参考例句：

• If the tiller is industrious,the farmland is productive.人勤地不懒。
• She was an industrious and willing worker.她是个勤劳肯干的员工。

3 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

4 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

5 plantations   

n.种植园，大农场( plantation的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Soon great plantations, supported by slave labor, made some families very wealthy. 不久之后出现了依靠奴隶劳动的大庄园，使一些家庭成了富豪。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
• Winterborne's contract was completed, and the plantations were deserted. 维恩特波恩的合同完成后，那片林地变得荒废了。 来自辞典例句

6 colonists   

n.殖民地开拓者，移民，殖民地居民( colonist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Colonists from Europe populated many parts of the Americas. 欧洲的殖民者移居到了美洲的许多地方。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Some of the early colonists were cruel to the native population. 有些早期移居殖民地的人对当地居民很残忍。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 proprietors   

n.所有人，业主( proprietor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• These little proprietors of businesses are lords indeed on their own ground. 这些小业主们，在他们自己的行当中，就是真正的至高无上的统治者。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
• Many proprietors try to furnish their hotels with antiques. 许多经营者都想用古董装饰他们的酒店。 来自辞典例句