美国学生世界地理教材 第124期:一英里高的一堆灰(2)

 The rock that the volcano melts flows over the top like a pot boiling over and runs down the sides in streams that gradually harden into rock as they cool off.  那些被熔化了的岩石，就像因沸腾而溢出水壶的开水，小溪般从山顶四周流下，最终冷却下来逐渐变成岩石。

This rock is called lava¹, and as there is plenty of lava around Naples the people there use blocks of lava to pave² their streets. 这种岩石被称作火山岩。由于那不勒斯周围有大量火山岩，那儿的人们就用大块的火山岩铺街道。

Some years ago I was in Naples after Vesuvius had been firing up.  几年前，我在维苏威火山喷发后不久来到那不勒斯。

The streets of Naples were filled with what looked like gray snow.  道路上盖满了像灰色的雪一样的东西。

The gray snow was dust that had fallen from the volcano, but it would not melt like snow and had to be carted away and dumped into the Bay of Naples.  那些灰色的雪就是从火山上落下的火山灰，但不会像雪那样融化，需要被大车运走，倒进那不勒斯海湾。

I wanted to see what the inside of a volcano looked like.  我想看一看火山里面是什么样的。

There had been a railway almost to the top, but it had been wrecked³.  曾经有一条几乎通到山顶的铁路，但被毁了。

So I climbed from the bottom to the top, though it took half a day to do so, for at each step my feet sank deep into the ashes.  于是，我从山下攀上山顶，这花费了我半天的时间。

I looked over the edge, down into the fiery⁴ mouth of the volcano.  因为每走一步我的脚都会陷进厚厚的灰中。

Every now and then pieces of rock would shoot high into the air and, looking up, I would dodge⁵ those that fell near-by.  我从火山口的边缘，朝烈火炎炎的火山口向下看。

Entirely⁶, too many were falling around me, so I started back down the side of the volcano.  不时有石块射向空中，我向上看以躲避那些落在周围的岩石碎块。

I didn’t walk down, I jumped, for each step I took was like jumping off a house, and at each step I fell,  确实有不少岩石落在我周围，于是我决定往回走，不是步行，而是跳跃，每跳一步都像是从房子上跳下来，

only I didn’t hurt myself when I fell, for I sank into the ashes up to my knees, up to my waist, up to my neck.  每跳一步，我都会摔倒，不过没有受伤，因为我陷入了灰尘中，我的膝盖、腰，甚至脖子都陷进灰里。

It was great fun, like jumping into a pile of hay, only it was oh, so dirty!  这实在是太有趣了，就像跳进了草堆里，只不过，噢，好脏啊。

It took me half a day to go up—it took me about ten minutes to come down 我花了半天的时间爬上山顶，而下山仅用了十分钟，

—but hours to wash off the ashes when I was down, and my clothes were utterly⁷ ruined. 但下山后我花了好几个小时来洗掉身上的灰尘，我的衣服全毁了。

Some birds build their nests on the tops of chimneys,  一些鸟类会把巢建在烟囱顶部，

but it seems strange that people should build their homes at the foot of a volcano that may blow up and destroy them at any time.  但是，如果有人将家园建在一座随时会喷发并可能将他们家园毁灭的火山旁边，就有些奇怪了。

Yet long, long ago people built a city at the foot of Vesuvius, nearer even than Naples. It was called Pompeii.  然而，在很久以前，人们在维苏威火山脚下建起了一座城市，比那不勒斯离火山还要近，它叫庞贝。

All of a sudden one day Vesuvius began to burn and boil and then blew up.  突然有一天，维苏威火山开始燃烧，沸腾，然后爆发了。

Before any one in Pompeii knew what was going to happen, before any one had time to move from the spot where he was working or playing,  对将要发生的事，庞贝城中还无人来得及知道，也无人有时间从他们工作或游戏的场所逃离，

Vesuvius had poured down on this little city its deadly fire and smoke and gas, and every one was killed where he stood and buried deep in dust and ashes.  维苏威火山就将它致命的火焰、烟尘和气体倾泻到这座小城之上，每个人就在他所站立的地方死去并被深埋进火山灰中。

There the city and its people lay buried for almost two thousand years.  这座城和城里的人就被埋在那里长达两千年之久。

Not so very long ago the city was dug out, its houses and temples and theaters were uncovered, and travelers can now visit the ruins,  前不久，这座城市被挖了出来，那些房屋、庙宇和剧院得以重见天日。游客可以参观这些废墟，

walk through the streets, and go into the houses and shops where once upon a time people went about their daily tasks  在街道上行走，还进入那些房子和商店。很久以前，就在这些地方，人们忙于日常工作并享受生活，

and pleasures without a thought that the end of the World was coming to them in the twinkling of an eye. 从未想到世界末日在眨眼之间就降临到他们身上。

1 lava   

n.熔岩，火山岩

参考例句：

• The lava flowed down the sides of the volcano.熔岩沿火山坡面涌流而下。
• His anger spilled out like lava.他的愤怒像火山爆发似的迸发出来。

2 pave   

vt.给（道路路面）铺上石板或砖

参考例句：

• The town council decided to pave the square before the Hall.市议会决定把市政厅前的广场铺上石板。
• I believe this treaty will pave the way to peace in Europe.我相信这个条约将为欧洲的和平铺平道路。

3 wrecked   

adj.失事的，遇难的

参考例句：

• the hulk of a wrecked ship 遇难轮船的残骸
• the salvage of the wrecked tanker 对失事油轮的打捞

4 fiery   

adj.燃烧着的，火红的；暴躁的；激烈的

参考例句：

• She has fiery red hair.她有一头火红的头发。
• His fiery speech agitated the crowd.他热情洋溢的讲话激动了群众。

5 dodge   

v.闪开，躲开，避开；n.妙计，诡计

参考例句：

• A dodge behind a tree kept her from being run over.她向树后一闪，才没被车从身上辗过。
• The dodge was coopered by the police.诡计被警察粉碎了。

6 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

7 utterly   

adv.完全地，绝对地

参考例句：

• Utterly devoted to the people,he gave his life in saving his patients.他忠于人民，把毕生精力用于挽救患者的生命。
• I was utterly ravished by the way she smiled.她的微笑使我完全陶醉了。