美国语文第六册 第84期:散文选篇(1)

 　　Dryden And Pope. By Samuel Johnson 德莱登和蒲伯。塞缪尔·约翰逊

　　Dryden knew more of man in his general nature, and Pope in his local manners. 德莱登对人的了解更多地着眼于普遍性，而蒲伯则基于地域特征。

　　The notions of Dryden were formed by comprehensive speculation¹, those of Pope by minute attention. 德莱登的观念源于综合推断，而蒲伯的观念成因于细微的观察。

　　There is more dignity in the knowledge of Dryden, more certainty in that of Pope. 德莱登的认识体系更严谨，要比蒲伯的认识带有更多的确定性。

　　The style of Dryden is capricious and varied², that of Pope cautious and uniform. 德莱登的风格变幻莫测，富于变化，而蒲伯的则小心谨慎，趋于单一。

　　Dryden obeys the motions of his own mind; Pope constrains³ his mind to his own rules of composition. 德莱登恪守自己内心的活动，而蒲伯则将内心活动置于自己的创作原则之下。

　　Dryden's page is a natural field, rising into inequalities, and diversified⁴ by the varied exuberance⁵ of abundant vegetation; 德莱登的文章就像一块未经开垦过的土地，不注重着墨均匀，多姿多彩，变幻万千。

　　Pope's is the velvet⁶ lawn, shaven by the scythe⁷, and leveled by the roller. 蒲伯的文章就像天鹅绒般平整的草地，用镰刀都修整过了，滚压机在上面碾压得非常平坦。

　　If the flights of Dryden are higher, Pope continues longer on the wing. 如果说德莱登能飞得更高的话，那么蒲伯更注重的是翅膀能扑扇得更久。

　　If, of Dryden's fire, the blaze is brighter, of Pope's the heat is more regular and constant. 如果说德莱登的文章绽放出的火焰更明亮的话，那么蒲伯的文章所散发出的炽热更有规律、更持久。

　　Dryden often surpasses expectation, and Pope never falls below it. 德莱登经常能超出人们的预期，而蒲伯从未让读者失望过。

　　Dryden is read with frequent astonishment⁸, and Pope with perpetual delight. 读德莱登的文章，人们经常脸上现出惊愕，读蒲伯的文章人们永远如沐春风。

1 speculation   

n.思索，沉思；猜测；投机

参考例句：

• Her mind is occupied with speculation.她的头脑忙于思考。
• There is widespread speculation that he is going to resign.人们普遍推测他要辞职。

2 varied   

adj.多样的，多变化的

参考例句：

• The forms of art are many and varied.艺术的形式是多种多样的。
• The hotel has a varied programme of nightly entertainment.宾馆有各种晚间娱乐活动。

3 constrains   

强迫( constrain的第三人称单数 )； 强使； 限制； 约束

参考例句：

• We'll ignore the continuity constrains. 我们往往忽略连续约束条件。
• It imposes constrains, restricting nature's freedom. 它具有限制自然界自由度的强制性。

4 diversified   

adj.多样化的，多种经营的v.使多样化，多样化( diversify的过去式和过去分词 )；进入新的商业领域

参考例句：

• The college biology department has diversified by adding new courses in biotechnology. 该学院生物系通过增加生物技术方面的新课程而变得多样化。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Take grain as the key link, develop a diversified economy and ensure an all-round development. 以粮为纲，多种经营，全面发展。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

5 exuberance   

n.丰富；繁荣

参考例句：

• Her burst of exuberance and her brightness overwhelmed me.她勃发的热情和阳光的性格征服了我。
• The sheer exuberance of the sculpture was exhilarating.那尊雕塑表现出的勃勃生机让人振奋。

6 velvet   

n.丝绒，天鹅绒；adj.丝绒制的，柔软的

参考例句：

• This material feels like velvet.这料子摸起来像丝绒。
• The new settlers wore the finest silk and velvet clothing.新来的移民穿着最华丽的丝绸和天鹅绒衣服。

7 scythe   

n. 长柄的大镰刀，战车镰； v. 以大镰刀割

参考例句：

• He's cutting grass with a scythe.他正在用一把大镰刀割草。
• Two men were attempting to scythe the long grass.两个人正试图割掉疯长的草。

8 astonishment   

n.惊奇，惊异

参考例句：

• They heard him give a loud shout of astonishment.他们听见他惊奇地大叫一声。
• I was filled with astonishment at her strange action.我对她的奇怪举动不胜惊异。