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美国英语听力80篇2 Lesson38

时间:2011-03-26 05:26来源:互联网 提供网友:rf855803   字体: [ ]
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[00:05.49]Why are some people left-handed?
[00:09.09]Scientists have been trying to answer that question for many years.
[00:14.32]Research has shown that ninety percent of people naturally use their right hands for most tasks.
[00:22.94]But hundreds of millions of people use their left hands.
[00:28.45]A study done in 1992 found that men are more likely to be left-handed than women.
[00:37.83]It also found that Asian or Hispanic people are less likely to be left-handed than white people,
[00:47.41]black people or North American Indians.
[00:51.33]Some cultures accept people who do things mostly with their left hands.
[00:58.10]Others do not.
[01:00.29]For example, in some countries eating with the left hand is considered an insult1 to others.
[01:08.81]In the past, some parents and teachers forced lefthanded children to use their right hands instead.
[01:17.69]Scientists want to know the reason for left-handedness
[01:23.67]because it is closely2 linked to mental problems like schizophrenia and language difficulties.
[01:30.91]One idea about the cause of left-handedness is the genetic4 theory.
[01:36.91]It says that people are right- or left-handed because of genes5 passed to them by their parents.
[01:44.62]For example, it has been shown that the handedness of adopted children
[01:49.87]is more likely to follow that of their birth parents than their adopted parents.
[01:55.93]Other evidence of genetic involvement can be found in some families.
[02:01.57]One famous example is the left-handed members of the present British Royal Family.
[02:08.84]These include the Queen Mother, her daughter Queen Elizabeth the Second,
[02:14.06]the Queen's son Prince Charles and his son Prince William.
[02:19.55]Amar Klar at the National Cancer Institute in Washington D.C. believes right-handed people are born with a gene3 for it.
[02:31.59]But, he says, about twenty percent of people do not have the right-handed gene.
[02:38.25]These people could be either left- or right-handed.
[02:43.13]Doctor Klar wants to find this gene.
[02:47.05]He plans to test the genes of members of 100 families
[02:53.17]in which at least one parent is right-handed and two of the children are left-handed.
[03:00.72]He will look for markers in the DNA6 to see how often the children have the same markers as the parents.
[03:10.41]Stanley Coren of the University of British Columbia in Canada thinks the reason for left-handedness is linked to fetal development.
[03:21.35]This idea says left-handedness results from damage to a fetus7 during or before birth.
[03:29.45]One cause of such damage could be an unusual position of the fetus in the mother's uterus.
[03:37.21]Another cause could be unusual levels of chemicals in the uterus.
[03:41.99]Doctor Coren says this damage could explain why a larger percentage of left-handed people have mental and health problems.
[03:52.86]Both these ideas have been offered to explain a situation that has been,a mystery to scientists for a long time:
[04:04.04]how can two babies who developed from the same egg and have the same genes use different hands?
[04:13.23]In 18% of identical8 twins,one twin is right-handec and the other is left-handed.
[04:21.93]One possible answer is that both twins lack the right-handed gene,
[04:28.33]so each has a chance to be either right-or left-handed.
[04:33.32]Another possible answer is that the difference is the result of damage caused by both babies being in a crowded uterus.
[04:43.90]Still other scientists say handedness could have more than one cause which could include both genetics and development.
[04:55.26]Experts also link left-handedness to artistic9 and athletic10 ability as well as extremely high intelligence.
[05:05.71]They say a great number of left-handed people were famous political leaders, artists, scientists or athletes.
[05:15.74]These include the political leaders Alexander the Great and Napoleon Bonaparte. The musicians Sergei Rachmanineff and Ludwig Van Beethoven.
[05:26.30]The artists Michelangelo,Leonardo da Vinci and Pablo Picasso.
[05:31.49]The scientist Albert Einstein.
[05:33.87]And the baseball player Babe Ruth.
[05:36.95]Other experts say every American president in the last twenty-five years has been at least partly left-handed,except for Jimmy Carter.
[05:48.50]They are Gerald Ford11, Ronald Reagan,George Bush and Bill Clinton.
[05:54.87]However, some left-handed people were famous criminals.
[05:59.68]They include Billy the Kid, Jack12 the Ripper and the Boston Strangler.
[06:06.32]Much interesting information about left-handedness can be found on the Internet computer network.


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1 insult T5xxs     
vt.侮辱,凌辱;n.侮辱的言词或行为
参考例句:
  • You will insult her if you don't go to her party. 你要是不去参加她举办的聚会,就对她太无礼了。
  • I can't sit down with that insult.我不能忍受那种侮辱。
2 closely XwNzIh     
adv.紧密地;严密地,密切地
参考例句:
  • We shall follow closely the development of the situation.我们将密切注意形势的发展。
  • The two companies are closely tied up with each other.这两家公司之间有密切联系。
3 gene WgKxx     
n.遗传因子,基因
参考例句:
  • A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
  • The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。
4 genetic PgIxp     
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
参考例句:
  • It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
5 genes 01914f8eac35d7e14afa065217edd8c0     
n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
6 DNA 4u3z1l     
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
参考例句:
  • DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
  • Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
7 fetus ekHx3     
n.胎,胎儿
参考例句:
  • In the fetus,blood cells are formed in different sites at different ages.胎儿的血细胞在不同时期生成在不同的部位。
  • No one knows why a fetus is not automatically rejected by the mother's immune system. 没有人知道为什么母亲的免疫系统不会自动排斥胎儿。
8 identical lcPzh     
adj.完全一样的,完全相同的;同一的
参考例句:
  • She wore the identical dress on both occasions.她在两种场合穿的是同一件衣服。
  • He is identical in character with his wife.他的品性和他的夫人相同。
9 artistic IeWyG     
adj.艺术(家)的,美术(家)的;善于艺术创作的
参考例句:
  • The picture on this screen is a good artistic work.这屏风上的画是件很好的艺术品。
  • These artistic handicrafts are very popular with foreign friends.外国朋友很喜欢这些美术工艺品。
10 athletic sOPy8     
adj.擅长运动的,强健的;活跃的,体格健壮的
参考例句:
  • This area has been marked off for athletic practice.这块地方被划出来供体育训练之用。
  • He is an athletic star.他是一个运动明星。
11 Ford KiIxx     
n.浅滩,水浅可涉处;v.涉水,涉过
参考例句:
  • They were guarding the bridge,so we forded the river.他们驻守在那座桥上,所以我们只能涉水过河。
  • If you decide to ford a stream,be extremely careful.如果已决定要涉过小溪,必须极度小心。
12 jack 53Hxp     
n.插座,千斤顶,男人;v.抬起,提醒,扛举;n.(Jake)杰克
参考例句:
  • I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。
  • He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。
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