留美老师带你每日说英文 第912期:过度饥饿之后身体的变化

 台湾籍旅美老师今天交给我们的句子是：

After several weeks of starvation, fat stores become depleted², and all that is left for energy is proteins. At this point essential proteins for survival, like antibodies used to fight infection or muscle proteins used for strength, are now being used to make glucose³.

经过几周的饥饿之后，脂肪的库存开始被消耗，而最后剩下的能量只剩蛋白质。到了这时候，生存所必须的蛋白质，像是打击感染用的抗体，或者有力量的肌肉蛋白质，都被用来制作葡萄糖。

学习重点：

1.starvation 饥饿、挨饿

starvation (n.) 饥饿、挨饿

starve (v.) 挨饿、渴望

craving⁴ (n.) 渴望

2.deplete¹ 用尽、耗尽……的资源

deplete (v.) 用尽、耗尽……的资源

deprive (v.) 剥夺、使丧失

take away 拿走、带走

seize (v.) 抓住、夺取

3.essential 必要的、不可或缺的

essential (adj.) 必要的、不可或缺的

necessary (adj.) 必要的、必需的

compulsory⁵ (adj.) 强制的、义务的

4.antibody 抗体

antibody (n.) 抗体

antibacterial (adj.) 抗菌的

anti-virus (adj.) 预防计算机病毒的

5.infection 传染、感染

infection (n.) 传染、感染

infect (v.) 传染、受影响

infectious (adj.) 传染的、易传播的

infatuation (n.) 热恋、着迷

6.glucose 葡萄糖

glucose (n.) 葡萄糖

protein (n.) 蛋白质

vitamin (n.) 维他命

1 deplete   

v.弄空，排除，减轻，减少...体液，放去...的血

参考例句：

• Most native mammal species have been severely depleted.大多数本地哺乳动物的数量都已经大大减少了。
• Elastic collisions deplete very little of the electron's energy.弹性碰撞中电子减少的能量非常少。

2 depleted   

adj. 枯竭的, 废弃的 动词deplete的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• Food supplies were severely depleted. 食物供应已严重不足。
• Both teams were severely depleted by injuries. 两个队都因队员受伤而实力大减。

3 glucose   

n.葡萄糖

参考例句：

• I gave him an extra dose of glucose to pep him up.我给他多注射了一剂葡萄糖以增强他的活力。
• The doctor injected glucose into his patient's veins.医生将葡萄糖注入病人的静脉。

4 craving   

n.渴望,热望

参考例句：

• a craving for chocolate 非常想吃巧克力
• She skipped normal meals to satisfy her craving for chocolate and crisps. 她不吃正餐，以便满足自己吃巧克力和炸薯片的渴望。

5 compulsory   

n.强制的，必修的；规定的，义务的

参考例句：

• Is English a compulsory subject?英语是必修课吗？
• Compulsory schooling ends at sixteen.义务教育至16岁为止。