美国国家公共电台 NPR What Is — And Isn't — Covered By The Iranian Nuclear Deal

 

ROBERT SIEGEL, HOST:

President Trump¹ has called the Iran nuclear agreement an embarrassment², and he's threatened to declare Iran in violation³ of it. The president's main complaint is the agreement does not address what the U.S. considers Iran's bad behavior on non-nuclear issues. Here's NPR national security correspondent Greg Myre with a look at what lies outside the Iran deal.

GREG MYRE, BYLINE⁴: The nuclear deal lifted tough sanctions on Iran and eased its isolation⁵. The thinking was this might - emphasis on might - produce a more moderate Iran. It hasn't worked out that way.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

ED ROYCE: I believe that President Obama's flawed nuclear deal was a gamble, a gamble that Iran would choose to become a responsible actor.

MYRE: That's California Republican Ed Royce speaking today at the House Foreign Affairs Committee, which he chairs.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

ROYCE: The Tehran regime clearly sees itself as a movement, one that uses ideology⁶ and violence to destabilize its neighbors.

MYRE: You don't need a critic of the Iran nuclear deal to get an earful on Iran's aggressive behavior. Supporters of the nuclear deal offer similar complaints, beginning with Iran's ongoing⁷ missile tests. Those missiles could potentially deliver a nuclear warhead, but they're not covered by the nuclear deal.

ABBAS MILANI: The missile tests are very troubling and particularly because the missile tests are done by the radicals⁹ in the most provocative¹⁰ manner possible.

MYRE: Abbas Milani heads the Iranian studies department at Stanford University. He's critical of Iran on many other fronts, like in Syria where Iranian fighters have helped ensure the survival of President Bashar Assad.

MILANI: I think Syria is a fairly foregone conclusion. I don't think there is much that the world can do to change the outcome of this now-ravaged country.

MYRE: And in Iraq, he now believes...

MILANI: Iran will have a virtual open hand to increase its influence.

MYRE: Iran also supports a host of radical⁸ groups - Hezbollah in Lebanon, Hamas in the Palestinian territories and Houthi rebels in Yemen. But all that falls outside the nuclear deal. U.S. allies, international inspectors¹¹ and the Trump administration itself have all said Iran is in compliance¹² with the nuclear agreement. Alireza Nader of the RAND Corporation advocates a two-track policy in dealing¹³ with Iran.

ALIREZA NADER: It makes perfect sense to keep the nuclear agreement and push back against Iran in other ways. Iran is both susceptible¹⁴ to pressure and incentive¹⁵.

MYRE: He says the U.S. could use the carrot, engaging Iran over a shared opposition¹⁶ to the Islamic State, and the stick, a threat of new, non-nuclear sanctions. Ali Vaez of the international Crisis Group notes that many Iranian policies, like the strong support for Syria, date back decades, long before the nuclear deal.

ALI VAEZ: I don't see any significant change in Iran's behavior before or after the nuclear deal.

MYRE: He says U.S. decertification could easily backfire.

VAEZ: I'm afraid by undermining the nuclear agreement, the administration could in fact usher¹⁷ in what it says that it's trying to prevent, which is greater Iranian assertiveness¹⁸.

MYRE: Trump says Iran got much more in sanctions relief and business deals than it gave up with its scaled back nuclear program, and he intends to put more pressure on Iran. Yet Republican Congressman¹⁹ Ed Royce cautions against scrapping²⁰ the agreement.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

ROYCE: As flawed as the deal is, I believe we must now enforce the hell out of it.

MYRE: The White House says Trump will announce his Iran policy sometime this week. Greg Myre, NPR News, Washington.

(SOUNDBITE OF DJ JAZZY JEFF SONG, "FOR DA LOVE OF DA GAME")

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 embarrassment   

n.尴尬；使人为难的人(事物)；障碍；窘迫

参考例句：

• She could have died away with embarrassment.她窘迫得要死。
• Coughing at a concert can be a real embarrassment.在音乐会上咳嗽真会使人难堪。

3 violation   

n.违反(行为)，违背(行为)，侵犯

参考例句：

• He roared that was a violation of the rules.他大声说，那是违反规则的。
• He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。

4 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

5 isolation   

n.隔离，孤立，分解，分离

参考例句：

• The millionaire lived in complete isolation from the outside world.这位富翁过着与世隔绝的生活。
• He retired and lived in relative isolation.他退休后，生活比较孤寂。

6 ideology   

n.意识形态，(政治或社会的)思想意识

参考例句：

• The ideology has great influence in the world.这种思想体系在世界上有很大的影响。
• The ideal is to strike a medium between ideology and inspiration.我的理想是在意识思想和灵感鼓动之间找到一个折衷。

7 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。

8 radical   

n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的

参考例句：

• The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
• She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。

9 radicals   

n.激进分子( radical的名词复数 )；根基；基本原理；[数学]根数

参考例句：

• Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals. 一些好斗的领导人要和白人中的激进派联合。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The worry is that the radicals will grow more intransigent. 现在人们担忧激进分子会变得更加不妥协。 来自辞典例句

10 provocative   

adj.挑衅的，煽动的，刺激的，挑逗的

参考例句：

• She wore a very provocative dress.她穿了一件非常性感的裙子。
• His provocative words only fueled the argument further.他的挑衅性讲话只能使争论进一步激化。

11 inspectors   

n.检查员( inspector的名词复数 )；（英国公共汽车或火车上的）查票员；（警察）巡官；检阅官

参考例句：

• They got into the school in the guise of inspectors. 他们假装成视察员进了学校。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Inspectors checked that there was adequate ventilation. 检查员已检查过，通风良好。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 compliance   

n.顺从；服从；附和；屈从

参考例句：

• I was surprised by his compliance with these terms.我对他竟然依从了这些条件而感到吃惊。
• She gave up the idea in compliance with his desire.她顺从他的愿望而放弃自己的主意。

13 dealing   

n.经商方法，待人态度

参考例句：

• This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
• His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。

14 susceptible   

adj.过敏的，敏感的；易动感情的，易受感动的

参考例句：

• Children are more susceptible than adults.孩子比成人易受感动。
• We are all susceptible to advertising.我们都易受广告的影响。

15 incentive   

n.刺激；动力；鼓励；诱因；动机

参考例句：

• Money is still a major incentive in most occupations.在许多职业中，钱仍是主要的鼓励因素。
• He hasn't much incentive to work hard.他没有努力工作的动机。

16 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

17 usher   

n.带位员，招待员；vt.引导，护送；vi.做招待，担任引座员

参考例句：

• The usher seated us in the front row.引座员让我们在前排就座。
• They were quickly ushered away.他们被迅速领开。

18 assertiveness   

n.过分自信

参考例句：

• Her assertiveness was starting to be seen as arrogance. 她的自信已开始被认为是自负了。
• Role playing is an important element in assertiveness training. 在果敢自信训练班上，角色扮演是个重要内容。

19 Congressman   

n.（美）国会议员

参考例句：

• He related several anecdotes about his first years as a congressman.他讲述自己初任议员那几年的几则轶事。
• The congressman is meditating a reply to his critics.这位国会议员正在考虑给他的批评者一个答复。

20 scrapping   

刮，切除坯体余泥

参考例句：

• He was always scrapping at school. 他在学校总打架。
• These two dogs are always scrapping. 这两条狗总是打架。