欧美人文风情第40篇:芙烈达卡萝:卡萝戴荆棘和蜂鸟项链的自画像》

 We're so pleased to have Frida Kahlo's self-portrait from 1940 back with us here in Austin. 我们很开心能让芙烈达·卡萝1940年的自画像回到我们身边在奥斯汀这。

Over the last two decades, the self-portrait has traveled the world from New York to Australia, Paris to Barcelona, San Francisco, 在过去二十年，这幅自画像游遍世界，从纽约到澳洲、巴黎到巴塞隆纳、旧金山、

and right back here to Austin, Texas. 然后就回到德州奥斯汀这儿。

Frida Kahlo, since I've been here, has gone out, I think I had estimated, about 30 times. 芙烈达·卡萝，自我到这以来，已经出去过，我想我估计，大约已有三十次。

When we travel the Kahlo, she has a number of restrictions¹ that are put on her. 当我们运送卡萝时，她有加诸于她的几个限制规定。

She always travels with a courier from the Ransom² Center. 她总是让Ransom研究中心的运送员运送。

If that entails³ airplane travel, which it generally does, she gets her own seat. She has her own traveling case. 如果那包含飞机旅行，通常都有包含，她有她自己的机位。她有她自己的行李箱。

The security, of course, at the borrowing institution has to be very stringent⁴. 当然，在申借机构的保全必须要非常严谨。

She is very important to the collection, she is a very high value item, 她对于收藏品来说是非常重要的、她是非常高价值的展品，

and so she gets particular care. 所以她得到特别照顾。

The role as a courier within the Frida Kahlo painting was to go to El Paso and pick up the painting. 身为芙烈达·卡萝画作运送员这角色是要前往艾尔帕索接那幅画。

After loading the vehicle and preparing it for shipping⁵ and bringing home the masterpieces of the Ransom Center, 在将画放上车、并准备好运送并把这幅Ransom研究中心的杰作带回家后，

we left El Paso at approximately 8:30 in the morning. 我们在大约早上八点半时离开艾尔帕索。

The vehicle itself is also not advertising⁶ the fact that it is carrying a priceless cargo⁷. 那车辆并没有宣扬它正载着一幅价值连城的货物这个事实。

It's a very unique truck. It also carries 300 gallons of diesel⁸,  那是一台非常特殊的卡车。它同样也装有三百加仑的柴油，

so therefore we can drive more than 10 hours without ever stopping. 所以我们可以完全不用停下来驾驶超过十个小时。

Once we arrived, the pieces were immediately brought to the fourth floor and locked. 当我们抵达时，那画作马上被带到四楼并锁住。

Once the Frida Kahlo painting is unwrapped, 当芙烈达·卡萝的画作拆封后，

then Ken⁹ Grant comes in and assesses the work and makes a comparison with the condition report documents. Ken Grant 进来并评估那作品，和画作状况报告文件做比对。

The painting itself now is in extremely good condition. 画作本身现在处于极佳的状态。

And there are only sort of residual¹⁰ condition issues with the painting itself that we make note of, but they're stable. 画作本身只有一点残留的状况问题，我们记下了，但它们是很稳定的。

So there's some minor¹¹ cracking in the paint. 所以这幅画上有几个小小的裂痕。

Of course, a painting of this age would probably have that sort of condition no matter what. 当然，这个岁数的画作不管怎样也许都会有这种状况。

Frida Kahlo's self-portrait is part of a series of works that she did in 1940. 芙烈达·卡萝的自画像是她在1940年创作的一系列作品中其中一部分。

There were other self-portraits that she completed that year. 有其他幅她在那一年完成的自画像。

What makes this particular work important is not only the subject matter in the work but also the context within which it was created. 让这幅特殊作品这么重要的事情，不只是作品的题材，还有它被创作出来其中的背景。

It is a wonderfully symbolically¹³ rich self-portrait, 那是完美富含象征性的自画像，

as well as a work that was created during an important crossroad in Frida Kahlo's life. 也是一幅在芙烈达·卡萝人生中一个重要的转折点所创作出来的作品。

She had divorced with her husband, the muralist Diego Rivera in 1939, 她和丈夫壁画家Diego Rivera在1939年离婚，

and she broke her love affair with the collector Nickolas Muray in 1940. 她还在1940年爆出了她和收藏家Nickolas Muray的绯闻。

Later on in 1940 Rivera and Kahlo remarried. 后来在1940年Rivera和Kahlo再婚。

So there is quite a bit going on in her life as well as in the painting itself. 所以在她人生中以及在画作本身都有相当多的事件发生。

And in that painting we see a variety of things: 在那幅画中我们看到各种东西：

we see Frida Kahlo looking not necessarily at the viewer but out off in the distance as if she were in great or deep thought, 我们看到芙烈达·卡萝不一定只是看向观众，而是往远方看出去，好似她处于伟大、或是深沉的思考中、

the thorn necklace with its religious connotations, 那带着宗教意涵的荆棘项链、

and certainly the animals and the flora¹⁴ and fauna¹⁵ of Mexico that surround her create this claustrophobic space. 以及当然环绕着她的动物与墨西哥动植物群产生这种幽闭恐惧的空间。

The other works in the Kahlo collection include Diego y Yo, 卡萝藏品的其他作品包括《Diego和我》，

which is a wonderful drawing that was created within months after her marriage to Diego Rivera. 那是她在嫁给Diego Rivera几个月中创作出的美妙画作。

It was created in California, where and when Rivera was working on his murals in San Francisco. 那是在加州所创作的，就在那时那地Rivera正在旧金山创作他的壁画。

The other work in the collection, a still life from 1951, 藏品中的另一个作品，一幅1951年的静物画，

was essentially¹⁶ a work at the apex¹⁷ of her series of still lifes that she created, 本质上是她创作的一系列静物画中的颠峰之作，

the last series of works that the artist created before she died in 1954. ，那艺术家在她在1954年逝世前创作的最后一系列画作。

I think we're very fortunate to have three of her pieces here in the collection. 我认为我们非常幸运在这儿能有她作品中的三幅画作。

So, you know, I'm thrilled to be able to be around Kahlos 所以，你知道，我很兴奋能够围绕在Kahlos身旁，

and I think that the audience that comes to see her is going to be as well. 我认为前来观赏她的观众们也会很兴奋。

While she only created less than 200 works over her lifetime, 虽然她在她一生中只有创作不超过两百幅的作品，

really had become at the time, and now is, a complete artist, 但她确实在当时成为、现在也是，一位完完全全的艺术家，

someone who represents fully¹² her country as well as established a place for herself in the traditions of modern art. 某个完整代表她的国家、并在现代艺术传统中建立她自己地位的艺术家。

It's going to be wonderful. I mean, everybody loves to see this painting. So it's gonna be great. 那会很棒的。我是说，每个人都喜欢看到这幅画。所以那会很棒的。

I mean, I'll love to see her up. You know, I only get to see her laying on a table. 我是说，我会很乐意去看她挂起来展出。你知道，我只能看到她放在桌上。

So it'll be good to see her installed the way she's supposed to be seen. 所以去看用她应该被观赏的方式所装置的她会是很棒的。

So Frida would be happy. 这样芙烈达会很开心的。

 

1 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

2 ransom   

n.赎金，赎身；v.赎回，解救

参考例句：

• We'd better arrange the ransom right away.我们最好马上把索取赎金的事安排好。
• The kidnappers exacted a ransom of 10000 from the family.绑架者向这家人家勒索10000英镑的赎金。

3 entails   

使…成为必要( entail的第三人称单数 )； 需要； 限定继承； 使必需

参考例句：

• The job entails a lot of hard work. 这工作需要十分艰苦的努力。
• This job entails a lot of hard work. 这项工作需要十分努力。

4 stringent   

adj.严厉的；令人信服的；银根紧的

参考例句：

• Financiers are calling for a relaxation of these stringent measures.金融家呼吁对这些严厉的措施予以放宽。
• Some of the conditions in the contract are too stringent.合同中有几项条件太苛刻。

5 shipping   

n.船运（发货，运输，乘船）

参考例句：

• We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。
• There's a shipping charge of ￡5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。

6 advertising   

n.广告业；广告活动 a.广告的；广告业务的

参考例句：

• Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗?
• The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。

7 cargo   

n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物

参考例句：

• The ship has a cargo of about 200 ton.这条船大约有200吨的货物。
• A lot of people discharged the cargo from a ship.许多人从船上卸下货物。

8 diesel   

n.柴油发动机，内燃机

参考例句：

• We experimented with diesel engines to drive the pumps.我们试着用柴油机来带动水泵。
• My tractor operates on diesel oil.我的那台拖拉机用柴油开动。

9 ken   

n.视野，知识领域

参考例句：

• Such things are beyond my ken.我可不懂这些事。
• Abstract words are beyond the ken of children.抽象的言辞超出小孩所理解的范围.

10 residual   

adj.复播复映追加时间；存留下来的，剩余的

参考例句：

• There are still a few residual problems with the computer program.电脑程序还有一些残留问题。
• The resulting residual chromatism is known as secondary spectrum.所得到的剩余色差叫做二次光谱。

11 minor   

adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修

参考例句：

• The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。
• I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。

12 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

13 symbolically   

ad.象征地，象征性地

参考例句：

• By wearing the ring on the third finger of the left hand, a married couple symbolically declares their eternal love for each other. 将婚戒戴在左手的第三只手指上，意味着夫妻双方象征性地宣告他们的爱情天长地久，他们定能白头偕老。
• Symbolically, he coughed to clear his throat. 周经理象征地咳一声无谓的嗽，清清嗓子。

14 flora   

n.(某一地区的)植物群

参考例句：

• The subtropical island has a remarkably rich native flora.这个亚热带岛屿有相当丰富的乡土植物种类。
• All flora need water and light.一切草木都需要水和阳光。

15 fauna   

n.(一个地区或时代的)所有动物，动物区系

参考例句：

• This National Park is an area with unique fauna and flora.该国家公园区域内具有独特的动物种群和植物种群。
• Fauna is a biological notion means all the animal life in a particular region or period. 动物群是一个生物学的概念，指的是一个特定时期或者地区的所有动物。

16 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

17 apex   

n.顶点，最高点

参考例句：

• He reached the apex of power in the early 1930s.他在三十年代初达到了权力的顶峰。
• His election to the presidency was the apex of his career.当选总统是他一生事业的顶峰。