PBS高端访谈:扎克伯格提出Facebook的未来愿景

 　　HARI SREENIVASAN, PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEEND ANCHOR: Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg has laid out his vision for the social network's future in a nearly 6,000-word manifesto¹ he posted on Thursday. Called "Building Global Community," Zuckerberg called for more connectedness to empower people to combat social ills.

　　For more, I'm joined by Kara Swisher, executive editor of the news site Recode, who spoke² with Zuckerberg about his essay.

　　Now, worth noting, the social network has 1.8 billion people —

　　KARA SWISHER, EXECUTIVE EDITOR, RECODE: Yes, a lot of people.

　　SREENIVASAN: — a quarter of the planet. But why is it a big deal? There are shareholder³ letters written all the time by companies.

　　SWISHER: Uh-huh. Well, he didn't write it to shareholders⁴. He wrote it to employees of Facebook. And so, that was an interesting thing. And I think he wrote it for the general public, too. It wasn't for investors⁵ and Facebook, certainly not from reading it. It wasn't about investments or anything about their business, but more about their soul — the soul of the company.

　　SREENIVASAN: Yes. You know, one of the things that seems to strike out is that there is this in the interest of global connectedness. He's also speaking against what we are seeing as a nationalism and isolationism.

　　SWISHER: Absolutely. Yes, it's interesting. And he's trying very hard to thread a very thin needle. He didn't use the word "Trump⁶" anywhere. He insisted that he's been working on this idea for years.

　　But there was one line I think in thing that said there was never a controversial thing, that connection — global connection was controversial, essentially⁷. That's what he was saying. And so, by saying that, you are saying, why is connection controversial?

　　SREENIVASAN: Yes.

　　SWISHER: And that was sort of the beginning of the essay and then it won't there for a long, long time, on lots of issues around safety, around — everything from bullying⁸ to fake news, to how Facebook is going to let people handle their profiles going forward, to sort of an embrace of globalism.

　　扎克伯格提出Facebook的未来愿景

　　SREENIVASAN: Yes. For the fake news part, we in this business care a lot about it, and building a more informed world. His first response to the allegations of the responsibility of Facebook in all this was, "What? No, we didn't do any of this. Not us."

　　SWISHER: Not us. I call it the "what" shrug⁹ (ph). Right?

　　SREENIVASAN: Yes. And now, it seems to have shifted. At least he wants to be part of the problem, which means he's sort of implying he was part of the problem in the first place.

　　SWISHER: Yes, exactly. So, he — you know, I think in the beginning he was asked about it, and he shrugged¹⁰ it off that it wasn't a big deal, except that every indication is that most people get their news from Facebook. So, even as he doesn't see himself as a media company, he doesn't see Facebook as a media company, it is. It's a media distribution company for sure.

　　And so, I think a lot of people reacted to that badly and said, wait a minute. Like everybody gets their news, and some of this news is fake, and don't you have a responsibility to have some control over your platform or do you just want it to be this toxic¹¹ waste dump that it's becoming, sort of like Twitter. Twitter is sort of a free-for-all.

　　And I think Mark is looking get somewhere in between, not take full responsibility, but least acknowledge that there are some implications of what Facebook does.

　　SREENIVASAN: In this, he's trying to almost build this connective tissue, a layer of infrastructure¹² between other layers of infrastructure, between it's the sort of thing that would be between our church and our school and everything else would be on Facebook which, of course, is good for business.

　　SWISHER: Sure, absolutely. You know, the funniest headline was Mark Zuckerberg's solution for the world crisis is more Facebook. You know what I mean? If we could only Facebook together, we'd all get along and have common ground.

　　And he did talk about this idea of polarization, even within the Facebook system, is that you hang with your — this filter bubble that you hang with your friends and family and only people who are like-minded and you don't get out and see other people.

　　And I think that was the interesting part, is how do we connect you with more points of view? How can we connect you with different people? How come we give you a wider view point from your world? Which I think was different, because Facebook has been organically friends and family and some interests. But it's largely friends and family and people like you.

　　SREENIVASAN: Yes. Kara Swisher from Recode — thanks so much.

　　SWISHER: Thanks a lot.

1 manifesto   

n.宣言，声明

参考例句：

• I was involved in the preparation of Labour's manifesto.我参与了工党宣言的起草工作。
• His manifesto promised measures to protect them.他在宣言里保证要为他们采取保护措施。

2 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

3 shareholder   

n.股东，股票持有人

参考例句：

• The account department have prepare a financial statement for the shareholder.财务部为股东准备了一份财务报表。
• A shareholder may transfer his shares in accordance with the law.股东持有的股份可以依法转让。

4 shareholders   

n.股东( shareholder的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The meeting was attended by 90% of shareholders. 90%的股东出席了会议。
• the company's fiduciary duty to its shareholders 公司对股东负有的受托责任

5 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

6 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

7 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

8 bullying   

v.恐吓，威逼( bully的现在分词 )；豪；跋扈

参考例句：

• Many cases of bullying go unreported . 很多恐吓案件都没有人告发。
• All cases of bullying will be severely dealt with. 所有以大欺小的情况都将受到严肃处理。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 shrug   

v.耸肩(表示怀疑、冷漠、不知等)

参考例句：

• With a shrug,he went out of the room.他耸一下肩，走出了房间。
• I admire the way she is able to shrug off unfair criticism.我很佩服她能对错误的批评意见不予理会。

10 shrugged   

vt.耸肩（shrug的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• Sam shrugged and said nothing. 萨姆耸耸肩膀，什么也没说。
• She shrugged, feigning nonchalance. 她耸耸肩，装出一副无所谓的样子。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 toxic   

adj.有毒的，因中毒引起的

参考例句：

• The factory had accidentally released a quantity of toxic waste into the sea.这家工厂意外泄漏大量有毒废物到海中。
• There is a risk that toxic chemicals might be blasted into the atmosphere.爆炸后有毒化学物质可能会进入大气层。

12 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。