PBS高端访谈:"糖果巨头"波罗申科赢得了乌克兰总统的竞选

 　　HARI SREENIVASAN: For much more about today's voting in Ukraine, we're joined now from Kiev by NewsHour's Chief Foreign Affairs Correspondent Margaret Warner. She's inside the Central Election Commission there. We've heard about Poroshenko's win. Why is this margin¹ of victory so significant?

　　MARGARET WARNER: Hari, it's huge because the more and more we talk to voters here in Ukraine, the more and more there was a ground swell² that this country is in such difficult and desperate shape, that it needs a new president now. It can't even afford to wait three more weeks to have a run-off.

　　And so I've talked to voters who had different emotional choices among the 21 candidates, but Poroshenko ran this campaign in part based on inevitability³, and the more and more it grew, the more and more voters decided⁴, you know, as one young man said to me today we're on the verge⁵ of war. Putin has designs on Ukraine, and we need somebody who can take charge now.

　　So that's why the margin is important and also the turnout numbers. If you look at that screen, which you may not be able to see behind me, it was huge not only in the 70 percent and over in the west, but even in the central part, not only around Kiev, but in a lot of heavily Russian speaking areas. The only two gray zones where they don't have enough data are the two areas that the Russian-backed separatists really ran this campaign of intimidation⁶ that we reported on so much this week. So that is also significant. It makes his win unassailable.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: So what are some of the choices that the new president faces with the separatists in the east?

　　MARGARET WARNER: Great question, Hari. I actually raced over to his headquarters tonight after the exit polls came out, and he was just speaking to the press. And he said my first visit will be to the Donbass, it's called. That's the coal, steel, metal producing region in the east, Donetsk and Lugansk. And he said I want to reassure⁷ people they have a place in Ukraine. They are the poorest region of the country, but we'll respect their Russian language. We're going to have decentralized power.

　　So on the one hand he's putting out a hand, and he's saying they'll be amnesty even for separatists. He seemed to be suggesting even armed ones. But then he said, but those who have killed people, there will not be amnesty, and we're going to, that will not continue. He's made it clear that he wants a more muscular approach to the really armed separatists, to the Russian operatives they believe are operating there, and we heard some who are Russian-backed or Russian-paid ultra separatists. And also these criminal gangs and criminal elements that quite frankly⁸, and we've met some of them, were hired on by that crowd.

　　So I think you're going to see public support for doing this in the rest of Ukraine, even if it costs some lives, to go ahead and take them on militarily. I'm not saying tomorrow. He's going to make an offer, but time is running out.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: All right, what do we know about him personally besides that he made all of his millions and billions in selling chocolate?

　　MARGARET WARNER: And you know funny thing, Hari, I just learned last night he's actually diabetic and can't eat his own chocolate, which is fantastic. He made billions in chocolate and in many other businesses. He's known though as a pragmatist, a very pragmatic businessman. He served in different governments, way on different sides of the spectrum⁹. He's been finance minister. He's been foreign minister. He's been speaker of the house. He does a lot of business in Russia even though Putin shut down one of his big chocolate plants when he sided with the uprising in the Maidan, you know, over the winter.

　　On the other hand, he does a lot of business with Europeans. And folks we talked to today liked that combination in him. He doesn't stir deep feelings, but there is a sense that he's a very pragmatic guy, that's he not going to take Ukraine over a cliff in one direction or another. And that he probably is the most astute¹⁰ and savvy¹¹ of the bunch.

　　All right, so you've been reporting from Ukraine for the past week from the eastern part of the country. Now you're in the capital. How do you distill¹² the differences in these two big regions?

　　MARGARET WARNER: Well, you mean today or in general? I mean the differences in the regions are pretty amazing. We've been over in the east, you know, a lot, in March and now. And it really is poor coal miners, I don't know, think of, you know, Pittsburgh or West Virginia in the 50s, and they work very, very hard. And there's so much corruption¹³ and so much skimming of the subsidies¹⁴ that they don't see much of it.

　　Whereas the rest of Ukraine is really moving in a European model. I say today the difference was surreal. The voting places in Kiev were absolutely, ran like clockwork. And at the same time I was calling and texting with officials I knew back in Donetsk and Lugansk, and it was chaos¹⁵, and most of them didn't even dare to open.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: All right, Margaret Warner joining us from Kiev. Thanks so much.

　　MARGARET WARNER: My pleasure, Hari.

1 margin   

n.页边空白；差额；余地，余裕；边，边缘

参考例句：

• We allowed a margin of 20 minutes in catching the train.我们有20分钟的余地赶火车。
• The village is situated at the margin of a forest.村子位于森林的边缘。

2 swell   

vi.膨胀，肿胀；增长，增强

参考例句：

• The waves had taken on a deep swell.海浪汹涌。
• His injured wrist began to swell.他那受伤的手腕开始肿了。

3 inevitability   

n.必然性

参考例句：

• Evolutionism is normally associated with a belief in the inevitability of progress. 进化主义通常和一种相信进步不可避免的看法相联系。
• It is the tide of the times, an inevitability of history. 这是时代的潮流，历史的必然。

4 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

5 verge   

n.边，边缘；v.接近，濒临

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• She was on the verge of bursting into tears.她快要哭出来了。

6 intimidation   

n.恐吓，威胁

参考例句：

• The Opposition alleged voter intimidation by the army.反对党声称投票者受到军方的恐吓。
• The gang silenced witnesses by intimidation.恶帮用恐吓的手段使得证人不敢说话。

7 reassure   

v.使放心，使消除疑虑

参考例句：

• This seemed to reassure him and he continued more confidently.这似乎使他放心一点，于是他更有信心地继续说了下去。
• The airline tried to reassure the customers that the planes were safe.航空公司尽力让乘客相信飞机是安全的。

8 frankly   

adv.坦白地，直率地；坦率地说

参考例句：

• To speak frankly, I don't like the idea at all.老实说，我一点也不赞成这个主意。
• Frankly speaking, I'm not opposed to reform.坦率地说，我不反对改革。

9 spectrum   

n.谱，光谱，频谱；范围，幅度，系列

参考例句：

• This is a kind of atomic spectrum.这是一种原子光谱。
• We have known much of the constitution of the solar spectrum.关于太阳光谱的构成，我们已了解不少。

10 astute   

adj.机敏的，精明的

参考例句：

• A good leader must be an astute judge of ability.一个优秀的领导人必须善于识别人的能力。
• The criminal was very astute and well matched the detective in intelligence.这个罪犯非常狡猾，足以对付侦探的机智。

11 savvy   

v.知道，了解；n.理解能力，机智，悟性；adj.有见识的，懂实际知识的，通情达理的

参考例句：

• She was a pretty savvy woman.她是个见过世面的漂亮女人。
• Where's your savvy?你的常识到哪里去了？

12 distill   

vt.蒸馏，用蒸馏法提取，吸取，提炼

参考例句：

• This standard set determine the method of petroleum products distill.本标准规定了测定石油产品蒸馏的方法。
• Distill the crucial points of the book.从书中提炼出关键的几点。

13 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

14 subsidies   

n.补贴，津贴，补助金( subsidy的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• European agriculture ministers failed to break the deadlock over farm subsidies. 欧洲各国农业部长在农业补贴问题上未能打破僵局。
• Agricultural subsidies absorb about half the EU's income. 农业补贴占去了欧盟收入的大约一半。 来自《简明英汉词典》

15 chaos   

n.混乱，无秩序

参考例句：

• After the failure of electricity supply the city was in chaos.停电后，城市一片混乱。
• The typhoon left chaos behind it.台风后一片混乱。