PBS高端访谈:伊拉克总理引咎辞职

JUDY WOODRUFF: The growing protest movement in Iraq has claimed dozens more new casualties today. The prime minister says that he will step down, giving in to public demands. But, in the streets, the killing¹ goes on, security forces shooting down scores more protesters. Foreign affairs correspondent Nick Schifrin reports on this critical day.

NICK SCHIFRIN: On the streets of Baghdad, protesters today declared victory. They have demonstrated for two months, and many gave their lives. They warned that sacrifice would be worth it only if today sparked fundamental change.

MAN (through translator): We consider this as the first step. We demand the resignation of all lawmakers.

NICK SCHIFRIN: Adil Abdul-Mahdi was a consensus² candidate who struggled to deliver promised reforms. In early October, leaderless demonstrations³ rallied against 15 years of failed governance, unemployment, and corruption⁴, and called for the entire political class' ouster. They also criticized Iran's influence. Today, they burned the Iranian flag, and Wednesday night torched the Iranian Consulate⁵ in Najaf. In response, security services have used deadly force. More than 400 protesters have been killed. The violence spread to Iraq's south, threatening to destabilize the country. That's why, today, the spokesman for Iraq's most powerful Shiite religious leader, Grand Ayatollah Ali Sistani, spoke⁶ to followers⁷ and strongly suggested the government step aside.

AHMED AL-SAFI, Spokesman for Grand Ayatollah Sistani (through translator): We call upon the House of Representatives, from which this current government has emerged, to reconsider its options.

NICK SCHIFRIN: A few hours later, Abdul-Mahdi's office released a statement saying he would step down, so Iraq could "avoid slipping into a cycle of violence, chaos⁸, and devastation⁹".

FEISAL ISTRABADI, Former Deputy Iraqi Ambassador to United Nations: The initial response of some security forces or militias¹⁰ to begin to engage the demonstrators with violence really caused things to spiral out of his hands very quickly. And so his remaining an office seemed to have no particular logic¹¹ to it. It seemed to be a situation where he could not control the streets anymore.

NICK SCHIFRIN: Feisal Istrabadi is an academic and former Iraqi diplomat¹².He says Abdul-Mahdi's resignation is unprecedented¹³, and will spark difficult horse-trading in a deeply divided Parliament.

FEISAL ISTRABADI: You have the same political parties who have been at an impasse¹⁴ for the last year-and-a-half having to form another government. We are in a state of deadlock¹⁵ probably for sometime to come.

NICK SCHIFRIN: Protesters will be watching to ensure today was the beginning, not the end, of the reforms they demand. For the PBS NewsHour, I'm Nick Schifrin.

朱迪·伍德拉夫：伊拉克的抗议活动今天又导致更多人伤亡。总理称自己将引咎辞职，他无法承受公众的众多需求了。而街头上的杀戮依然在继续，保安部队射击很多抗议人士进行了射击。下面请我台外事记者尼克发回的关于这一天的报道。

尼克：在巴格达街头，今天的一些抗议人士宣布了胜利。他们抗议了2个月，很多人因此而丧命。他们警示称，只要他们的抗议能引发根本性的变革，那么牺牲就是值得的。

男（内容经过翻译）：我们认为这是第一步。我们要求所有议员下台。

尼克：阿迪勒是协商产生的候选人，他在推行之前承诺的改革时，遇到了许多困难。10月初发生了无领导示威，抗议的是15年失败的治理、失业、腐败，同时也是为了呼吁罢黜整个政治阶级。他们还谴责了伊朗的影响。如今，他们烧掉了伊朗的国企，周三晚上还烧了伊朗位于纳贾夫的领事馆。作为响应，保安部队发动了致命袭击。有400多名抗议者遭到杀害。这场暴力传播到了伊拉克南部，威胁了该国的稳定。因此，今天，伊拉克发言人最有权力的什叶派宗教领袖大阿亚图拉跟信众发表了讲话，强烈建议政府置身事外。

阿赫麦德，阿赫麦德发言人（以下内容经过翻译）：我们呼吁众议院议员，也就是本届政府所在的党派重新考虑自己的选择。

尼克：几小时后，阿迪勒的办公室发布了一份声明，声明中写道自己会下台，这样一来，伊拉克就能“避免陷入暴力、混乱、毁灭的死循环了。”

菲索尔，前伊拉克驻联合国大使：一些保安部队和民兵组织最开始的响应方式是用暴力对待抗议示威者，这样做让事态迅速失控。所以，他的政府似乎对于这件事并没有特殊的逻辑。当前情况是：他再也控制不住街头的形势了。

尼克：菲索尔曾是伊拉克的外交官，知识渊博。他说阿迪勒的引咎辞职是史无前例的，会给已经深深分裂的国会造成难以解决的争论。

菲索尔：过去一年半以来，现在的这些政党就一直处于僵局中，无法组建新政府。可能未来一段时间都要处于僵局状态了。

尼克：抗议者将会确保今天只是变革的开始，而不是结束。感谢收听尼克发回的《新闻一小时》。

1 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

2 consensus   

n.(意见等的)一致，一致同意，共识

参考例句：

• Can we reach a consensus on this issue?我们能在这个问题上取得一致意见吗？
• What is the consensus of opinion at the afternoon meeting?下午会议上一致的意见是什么？

3 demonstrations   

证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威

参考例句：

• Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
• The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。

4 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

5 consulate   

n.领事馆

参考例句：

• The Spanish consulate is the large white building opposite the bank.西班牙领事馆是银行对面的那栋高大的白色建筑物。
• The American consulate was a magnificent edifice in the centre of Bordeaux.美国领事馆是位于波尔多市中心的一座宏伟的大厦。

6 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

7 followers   

追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件

参考例句：

• the followers of Mahatma Gandhi 圣雄甘地的拥护者
• The reformer soon gathered a band of followers round him. 改革者很快就获得一群追随者支持他。

8 chaos   

n.混乱，无秩序

参考例句：

• After the failure of electricity supply the city was in chaos.停电后，城市一片混乱。
• The typhoon left chaos behind it.台风后一片混乱。

9 devastation   

n.毁坏；荒废；极度震惊或悲伤

参考例句：

• The bomb caused widespread devastation. 炸弹造成大面积破坏。
• There was devastation on every side. 到处都是破坏的创伤。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 militias   

n.民兵组织，民兵( militia的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The troops will not attempt to disarm the warring militias. 部队并不打算解除战斗中的民兵武装。 来自辞典例句
• The neighborhood was a battleground for Shiite and Sunni militias. 那里曾是什叶派和逊尼派武装分子的战场。 来自互联网

11 logic   

n.逻辑(学)；逻辑性

参考例句：

• What sort of logic is that?这是什么逻辑？
• I don't follow the logic of your argument.我不明白你的论点逻辑性何在。

12 diplomat   

n.外交官，外交家；能交际的人，圆滑的人

参考例句：

• The diplomat threw in a joke, and the tension was instantly relieved.那位外交官插进一个笑话，紧张的气氛顿时缓和下来。
• He served as a diplomat in Russia before the war.战前他在俄罗斯当外交官。

13 unprecedented   

adj.无前例的，新奇的

参考例句：

• The air crash caused an unprecedented number of deaths.这次空难的死亡人数是空前的。
• A flood of this sort is really unprecedented.这样大的洪水真是十年九不遇。

14 impasse   

n.僵局；死路

参考例句：

• The government had reached an impasse.政府陷入绝境。
• Negotiations seemed to have reached an impasse.谈判似乎已经陷入僵局。

15 deadlock   

n.僵局，僵持

参考例句：

• The negotiations reached a deadlock after two hours.两小时后，谈判陷入了僵局。
• The employers and strikers are at a deadlock over the wage.雇主和罢工者在工资问题上相持不下。