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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
AMNA NAWAZ: We turn now to the fiscal1 year 2021 budget. President Trump2 unveiled his $4.8 trillion wish list today, which includes cuts to Medicaid and other social safety net programs. Our Yamiche Alcindor joins me now to break it down. Yamiche, we should remind people this is the president's proposed budget, right? Congress still has to approve it. But you have been going through the budget. Walk me through some of the highlights and also where you see some potential areas of contention3 with Democrats4.
YAMICHE ALCINDOR: Well, the White House budget is really a way for the president to set forth5 his ideas. This is a wish list, saying that, if the president could wave a wand, that this is what he would want to do. But we have to remind viewers that presidential budgets do not get passed as is by Congress. That's with President Trump or with President Obama or with any president. That being said, let's walk through just some of the things that president wants to do. So, there's $4.8 trillion in this budget. The president wants to make $2 trillion in cuts to eliminate entitlements and social safety net programs over the next 10 years. That includes food stamps, Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security disability benefit programs. The other thing, it doesn't eliminate the deficit6 in the next 10 years. Now, it's important to note that the president has said, when he was getting, when he was elected, that he would balance the budget in eight years. This budget does not do that. Instead, it does it in 15 years. Also, the Congressional Budget Office said that, if things remain the way that they are, and nothing changes, that we will be up to $1 trillion annually7 in adding to the deficit. There used to be really big fights about the deficit. But President Trump has been a president who has at times added to the deficit, including during his big tax cut issues. The other thing to note, that the president has said over and over again he doesn't want to cut social safety net programs. The White House is saying that these aren't cuts, that they're savings8. But when you look at the numbers, there are absolutely some cuts to social safety net programs. They're saying that this is about helping9 able-bodied Americans get off the cycle of dependency. Critics of the president say that this is really them stereotyping10 people who are on programs that are, that are needed for them and these are entitlement programs that help people's lives. But the president and the White House are still sticking by these numbers, saying that they are necessary savings in order to help the government function in a more efficient way.
AMNA NAWAZ: Yamiche, I'm thinking back to previous clashes between the president and Democrats over previous funding requests he's made, specifically around immigration. You have covered some of those clashes before. What does this budget have in the way of immigration requests?
YAMICHE ALCINDOR: Well, immigration is the president's signature issue. And here, we, of course, saw a little over a year ago the government shut down for about three weeks over issues with the president's budget. In that point, it was an argument over the border wall. So, let's walk through just a bit of what's going on, on immigration. We have, you have $52 billion for the Department of Homeland Security. That's a 3 percent increase from 2020 levels approved by Congress. We also have $2 billion they're asking for the border wall. This would go toward building 82 miles of wall between the United States and Mexico. Also, the president is asking for 4,600 new immigration and custom enforcement officers and 60,000 total ICE detention11 beds. That's about 15,000 more beds than Congress approved last year. This is important, because ICE specifically has had a lot of criticism, because a number of people have been detained. They have been hitting record highs when it comes to those detention beds. The other thing to note, of course, the president has made this a critical part of his 2020 campaign. So, even if this isn't going to be enacted12, what we see is, the White House is saying, we're going to continue with those hard-line immigration policies. The president's going to continue to say that we need more officers, more law enforcement in order to stop undocumented immigrants from coming into this country, or from also deporting13 as many undocumented immigrants as the Trump administration can. So, that's what this budget says going forward. And the president will continue to double down on those issues.
AMNA NAWAZ: And you will continue to cover it all. That is our White House correspondent, Yamiche Alcindor. Thanks, Yamiche.
阿姆纳·纳瓦兹：今天，我们将聚焦2021财政年度预算。特朗普总统今天公布了自己4.8万亿美元的愿望清单，包括削减医疗补助计划等社会保障项目。下面请听我台记者阿尔辛多带来的详细解析。阿尔辛多，我们应该提醒大家这是特朗普总统提出的预算，对不？还是需要国会通过的。但你也看过了预算的内容。请带我们了解一下重点内容以及民主党议员可能争论的地方吧。
阿尔辛多：好的。国会预算是特朗普落实自己想法的一种方式。这是一份心愿单，可以这样说：如果特朗普能挥动魔杖的话，那这份预算就是他想做的事情。但我们必须要提醒看这份预算的人——国会还没有通过这份预算。无论是特朗普、奥巴马还是任何一位美国总统都需要过这一关。话虽如此，咱们还是过一遍特朗普想做的一些事情吧。这份预算价值4.8万亿美元。特朗普想做2万亿美元的削减，削减未来10年间的权利保障项目和社会保障项目。其中包括粮票、国家老年人医疗保险制度、医疗补助计划、社会保障及伤残津贴项目。还有一点是：这份预算没有削减未来10年的赤字。现在有一个重要的点是：特朗普说自己会平衡未来8年的预算，前提是自己能够当选。这份预算并不是针对未来8年的，而是针对未来15年的。此外，国会预算局表示，如果现在一切保持原样不变，那么什么都不会改变，那么在赤字的基础上，我们每年会有1万亿美元的预算。之前人们对于赤字一直有激烈的争论。但特朗普担任总统期间增加了赤字，包括在大型减税期间。还有一件事需要注意：特朗普曾多次表示自己不想削减社会保障项目。而特朗普政府现在却表示这些不是削减，是节省资金。但如果我们审视这些数字，就会发现社会保障项目是一定会有所削减的。特朗普政府说这是关于帮助身体健全的美国人脱离依赖他人的循环。批评特朗普的人说，这是对项目的参与者持有成见，毕竟有些人需要这些项目，这些是权利保障项目，可以帮助人们的生活。但特朗普及其政府依然执着于这些数字，他们表示，这是必要的节省，可以帮助政府以更有效率的方式运作。
阿姆纳·纳瓦兹：阿尔辛多，我想到了特朗普和民主党之前关于提供资金需求的争论，尤其是关于移民问题的争论。你之前也报道过这方面的争论。在移民需求方面，预算有提及到吗？
阿尔辛多：移民是需要特朗普批准的事儿。当然，在这个问题上，我们看到大概一年多之前政府因为预算的事情而停摆了3周。那一次是关于边境墙的问题。咱们可以先大概回顾一下现在发生的问题和移民问题。给国土安全部的预算有520亿美元。这比2020年国会通过的数据还增长了3%。此外还有20亿美元是给边境墙的。这笔资金将用于在美国和墨西哥之间建造起长达82英里的边境墙。此外，特朗普要求增派4600名移民和海关领域的执法人员和6万个移民海关执法（ICE）的床铺。这要比去年国会审批通过的数字还要多了近1.5万张床。这一点很重要，因为ICE受到了很多批评，因为很多人都被拘留了。在拘留的床铺上，他们创下了历史记录。当然了，还要注意一点：该预算是特朗普2020竞选活动的重要内容。所以，即便预算不能施行，我们也注意到白宫的说法——他们要继续推进强硬的移民政策。特朗普会一直说我们需要更多的移民人员、更多执法人员，这样才能阻止未登记的移民进出美国，也能让很多未登记的移民被驱逐出境。这是预算指出的以后要做的事情。特朗普会继续努力解决这些问题。
阿姆纳·纳瓦兹：那么以后还要麻烦你继续为我们报道这方面的内容了。以上是驻白宫记者阿尔辛多发回的报道。谢谢你，阿尔辛多。
收听单词发音 |
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fiscal
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| adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的 | |
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trump
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| n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭 | |
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contention
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| n.争论，争辩，论战；论点，主张 | |
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democrats
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| n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 ) | |
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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deficit
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| n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差 | |
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annually
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| adv.一年一次，每年 | |
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savings
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| n.存款，储蓄 | |
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helping
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| n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的 | |
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stereotyping
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| v.把…模式化，使成陈规( stereotype的现在分词 ) | |
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detention
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| n.滞留，停留；拘留，扣留；(教育)留下 | |
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enacted
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| 制定（法律），通过（法案）( enact的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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deporting
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| v.将…驱逐出境( deport的现在分词 )；举止 | |
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