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科学美国人60秒 SSS 罗马人四处寻找木材

时间:2020-11-03 08:04来源:互联网 提供网友:nan   字体: [ ]
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    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

This is Scientific American's 60-second Science, I'm Christopher Intagliata.

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学系列,我是克里斯托弗·因塔格里塔。

Rome wasn't built in a day. And neither was the Roman subway system. Underground work is slow going, because construction crews often unearth1 mosaics2, frescos, marble. And a few years ago, they found the wooden foundations of a luxurious3 porch from a Roman villa4.

罗马不是一天建成的。罗马地铁系统也不是。地下工程目前进展缓慢,因为施工人员经常挖掘出镶嵌画、壁画和大理石。几年前,他们在罗马一处别墅的奢华门廊下,发现了木质房基。

So local archaeologists called in Mauro Bernabei of the National Research Council of Italy. He's a dendrochronologist: someone who analyzes5 tree rings, which give age and environmental info.

因此,当地考古学家请来了意大利国家研究委员会的毛罗·伯纳比。他是树木年代学家,主要工作是分析提供树龄和环境信息的年轮。

"We have to study wood because it's full, really full, of information!"

“我们需要研究木材,因为它身上全是信息!”

Bernabei and his team found that the wooden planks6 were oak. But the wood's origin was harder to determine. So they compared the tree rings in the oak planks to those available in libraries of tree rings that contain timber from all over Europe. And they found a match for the Roman lumber—from the Jura region of eastern France, more than 600 miles away.

伯纳比及其团队发现这些木板是橡木的。但是木材的来源很难确定。因此,他们将橡木板上的年轮与年轮库中的进行了对比,年轮库中包含欧洲各地的木材。他们发现了与罗马木材匹配的样本,该样本来自距罗马600多英里外的法国东部地区侏罗。

The researchers also determined7 that the French timber was harvested in about 40 to 60 C.E. And some of it came from trees already up to 300 years old when they were felled. The details are in the journal PLOS ONE.

研究人员还确定,法国木材的收获时间大约在公元40年至60年之间。有些木材来自橡木,被砍伐时树龄已达到300岁。研究详情刊登在《公共科学图书馆·综合》期刊上。

The discovery is the first definitive8 evidence of oak from north of the Alps being used to build ancient Rome. And it's a reminder9 that the Romans had a sophisticated trading network. These logs, for example, likely floated down two rivers, across the Mediterranean10 and up another river to Rome.

这一发现是阿尔卑斯山北侧橡树被用来建造古罗马的首个确凿证据。这说明罗马人已经有了复杂的贸易网络。例如,这些原木很可能沿着两条河顺流而下,跨越地中海,再顺另一条河向北漂流至罗马。

Bernabei says Roman archaeologists usually destroy ancient wood—it's not as prized as jewelry11 and vases and mosaics. But he's hoping this study might change their minds.

伯纳比表示,罗马考古学家经常破坏古代木材,这些木材并不像珠宝、花瓶和镶嵌画那样被珍视。但他希望这项研究能改变他们的看法。

"Save the wood, yes! And call me,if you don't want to save—please, call me!"

“拯救木材,是的!联系我,如果你不想拯救木材,请联系我!”

Thanks for listening for Scientific American's 60-second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 unearth 2kLwg     
v.发掘,掘出,从洞中赶出
参考例句:
  • Most of the unearth relics remain intact.大多数出土文物仍保持完整无损。
  • More human remains have been unearthed in the north.北部又挖掘出了更多的人体遗骸。
2 mosaics 2c3cb76ec7fcafd7e808cb959fa24d5e     
n.马赛克( mosaic的名词复数 );镶嵌;镶嵌工艺;镶嵌图案
参考例句:
  • The panel shows marked similarities with mosaics found elsewhere. 这块嵌板和在其他地方找到的镶嵌图案有明显的相似之处。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The unsullied and shining floor was paved with white mosaics. 干净明亮的地上镶嵌着白色图案。 来自辞典例句
3 luxurious S2pyv     
adj.精美而昂贵的;豪华的
参考例句:
  • This is a luxurious car complete with air conditioning and telephone.这是一辆附有空调设备和电话的豪华轿车。
  • The rich man lives in luxurious surroundings.这位富人生活在奢侈的环境中。
4 villa xHayI     
n.别墅,城郊小屋
参考例句:
  • We rented a villa in France for the summer holidays.我们在法国租了一幢别墅消夏。
  • We are quartered in a beautiful villa.我们住在一栋漂亮的别墅里。
5 analyzes e2e80b8320e1dd8d4c035d41fd7e44e5     
v.分析( analyze的第三人称单数 );分解;解释;对…进行心理分析
参考例句:
  • This approach analyzes management by studying experience usually through cases. 这个学派通常从实例获得经验,用以分析管理。 来自辞典例句
  • The econometrician analyzes statistical data. 经济计量学者要分析统计材料。 来自辞典例句
6 planks 534a8a63823ed0880db6e2c2bc03ee4a     
(厚)木板( plank的名词复数 ); 政纲条目,政策要点
参考例句:
  • The house was built solidly of rough wooden planks. 这房子是用粗木板牢固地建造的。
  • We sawed the log into planks. 我们把木头锯成了木板。
7 determined duszmP     
adj.坚定的;有决心的
参考例句:
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
8 definitive YxSxF     
adj.确切的,权威性的;最后的,决定性的
参考例句:
  • This book is the definitive guide to world cuisine.这本书是世界美食的权威指南。
  • No one has come up with a definitive answer as to why this should be so.至于为什么该这样,还没有人给出明确的答复。
9 reminder WkzzTb     
n.提醒物,纪念品;暗示,提示
参考例句:
  • I have had another reminder from the library.我又收到图书馆的催还单。
  • It always took a final reminder to get her to pay her share of the rent.总是得发给她一份最后催缴通知,她才付应该交的房租。
10 Mediterranean ezuzT     
adj.地中海的;地中海沿岸的
参考例句:
  • The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
  • Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。
11 jewelry 0auz1     
n.(jewllery)(总称)珠宝
参考例句:
  • The burglars walked off with all my jewelry.夜盗偷走了我的全部珠宝。
  • Jewelry and lace are mostly feminine belongings.珠宝和花边多数是女性用品。
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TAG标签:   科学美国人60秒  英语听力  sss
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