世界节假日博览 第157期:世界心脏日

 　　World Heart Day was created by the World Heart Federation¹. Its aim is to inform people around the world that heart disease and stroke are the world's leading causes of death. Over 17 million people die each year from these. Another main aim is to educate the world population that 80 per cent of deaths from heart disease are premature². Most people who suffer heart attacks and strokes could live longer if they changed their lifestyle. Fewer people would die from heart complaints if they were more aware of the main risks. These include smoking, eating an unhealthy diet and not exercising. Experts say heart disease will lose China's economy around $558 billion between 2005 and 2015. Other countries will also lose billions.

　　世界心脏日是由世界心脏联合会设立的。这一节日的目的是使全世界的人们注意到：心脏病和中风是世界上主要的致死因素。每年死于心脏病及中风的人超过1700万。另一个主要目的是教育人们：80%死于心脏病的人死亡时间比预期要早。如果大多数患有心脏病和中风的人改变了生活方式会活得更长。如果人们更加注意心脏病带来的主要风险，很少有人会死于心脏病。这些风险包括吸烟、不健康的饮食和不锻炼。专家说，2005至2015年间，心脏病使得中国经济损失高达5万5千8百亿美元。其他国家也损失数十亿美元。

　　The heart is a strong, muscular organ. Its job is to pump blood around our body. The heart contracts and expands in a non-stop rhythm to push our blood around a system of arteries³ and veins⁴. The average human heart works at 72 beats per minute. In an average lifetime, it will beat approximately 2.5 billion times. The average weight of a human heart is around 300g. It is the size of a clenched⁵ fist. Advances in heart surgery means people can have heart replacement⁶ operations. In less serious cases, doctors can fit the heart with plastic valves and pumps to help it beat. World Heart Day is a good time for all of us to think more about this vital organ and live a life that keeps our heart strong and healthy.

　　心脏是一个强健有力的器官。它的工作是为我们全身泵血。心脏不间断地收缩和舒张，推动血液在动脉和静脉系统流动。人们的平均心跳次数是每分钟72次。在人们的平均寿命里，心脏大约跳动25亿次。人们的平均心脏重量大约是300克。大小和紧握的拳头一般大。心脏外科手术的进步意味着人们可以进行心脏替换手术。在情况不严重的案例中，医生用适合心脏的塑料阀门和抽运器来帮助它跳动。世界心脏日让我们更多的思考心脏这一重要器官，养成有利于心脏健康有活力的生活方式。

　　1.die from 死于；因…而死

　　例句：Let me emphasize one important point: people do not have to die from cholera⁷.

　　让我强调很重要的一点：人们不需要死于霍乱。

　　2. be aware of 知道

　　例句：Once she moved over by Maxwell’s desk, near enough for him to be aware of her presence. 

　　她还一度走近麦克斯韦尔的办公桌,近得足以让他意识到她的存在。

　　3.lose economy 对经济造成损失

　　例句：Castoffs such Mullock, waste water and exhaust gas produced by coal mining pollute environment , destroy zoology⁸ and lose economy.

　　矿山开采排出废水、废气、废矸石等废弃物对环境造成污染，对生态产生破坏，对经济造成损失。

　　4.a good time 一段美好的时光

　　例句：Take some time off everyday to talk to your spouse⁹ one on one and have a good time.

　　你可以每天抽出一些时间单独的和爱人聊聊天，然后两人共渡一段美好的时光。

1 federation   

n.同盟，联邦，联合，联盟，联合会

参考例句：

• It is a federation of 10 regional unions.它是由十个地方工会结合成的联合会。
• Mr.Putin was inaugurated as the President of the Russian Federation.普京正式就任俄罗斯联邦总统。

2 premature   

adj.比预期时间早的；不成熟的，仓促的

参考例句：

• It is yet premature to predict the possible outcome of the dialogue.预言这次对话可能有什么结果为时尚早。
• The premature baby is doing well.那个早产的婴儿很健康。

3 arteries   

n.动脉( artery的名词复数 )；干线，要道

参考例句：

• Even grafting new blood vessels in place of the diseased coronary arteries has been tried. 甚至移植新血管代替不健康的冠状动脉的方法都已经试过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• This is the place where the three main arteries of West London traffic met. 这就是伦敦西部三条主要交通干线的交汇处。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 veins   

n.纹理；矿脉( vein的名词复数 )；静脉；叶脉；纹理

参考例句：

• The blood flows from the capillaries back into the veins. 血从毛细血管流回静脉。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I felt a pleasant glow in all my veins from the wine. 喝过酒后我浑身的血都热烘烘的，感到很舒服。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 clenched   

v.紧握，抓紧，咬紧( clench的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He clenched his fists in anger. 他愤怒地攥紧了拳头。
• She clenched her hands in her lap to hide their trembling. 她攥紧双手放在腿上，以掩饰其颤抖。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 replacement   

n.取代，替换，交换；替代品，代用品

参考例句：

• We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
• They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。

7 cholera   

n.霍乱

参考例句：

• The cholera outbreak has been contained.霍乱的发生已被控制住了。
• Cholera spread like wildfire through the camps.霍乱在营地里迅速传播。

8 zoology   

n.动物学，生态

参考例句：

• I would like to brush up my zoology.我想重新温习一下动物学。
• The library didn't stock zoology textbooks.这家图书馆没有动物学教科书。

9 spouse   

n.配偶(指夫或妻)

参考例句：

• Her spouse will come to see her on Sunday.她的丈夫星期天要来看她。
• What is the best way to keep your spouse happy in the marriage?在婚姻中保持配偶幸福的最好方法是什么？