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《The Mysterious Island 神秘岛》Book 1 Chapter 11

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Half an hour later Cyrus Harding and Herbert had returned to the encampment. The engineer merely told his companions that the land upon which fate had thrown them was an island, and that the next day they would consult. Then each settled himself as well as he could to sleep, and in that rocky hole, at a height of two thousand five hundred feet above the level of the sea, through a peaceful night, the islanders enjoyed profound repose1.

The next day, the 30th of March, after a hasty breakfast, which consisted solely2 of the roasted tragopan, the engineer wished to climb again to the summit of the volcano, so as more attentively3 to survey the island upon which he and his companions were imprisoned4 for life perhaps, should the island be situated5 at a great distance from any land, or if it was out of the course of vessels6 which visited the archipelagoes of the Pacific Ocean. This time his companions followed him in the new exploration. They also wished to see the island, on the productions of which they must depend for the supply of all their wants.

It was about seven o'clock in the morning when Cyrus Harding, Herbert, Pencroft, Gideon Spilett, and Neb quitted the encampment. No one appeared to be anxious about their situation. They had faith in themselves, doubtless, but it must be observed that the basis of this faith was not the same with Harding as with his companions. The engineer had confidence, because he felt capable of extorting7 from this wild country everything necessary for the life of himself and his companions; the latter feared nothing, just because Cyrus Harding was with them. Pencroft especially, since the incident of the relighted fire, would not have despaired for an instant, even if he was on a bare rock, if the engineer was with him on the rock.

"Pshaw," said he, "we left Richmond without permission from the authorities! It will be hard if we don't manage to get away some day or other from a place where certainly no one will detain us!"

Cyrus Harding followed the same road as the evening before. They went round the cone8 by the plateau which formed the shoulder, to the mouth of the enormous chasm9. The weather was magnificent. The sun rose in a pure sky and flooded with his rays all the eastern side of the mountain.

The crater10 was reached. It was just what the engineer had made it out to be in the dark; that is to say, a vast funnel11 which extended, widening, to a height of a thousand feet above the plateau. Below the chasm, large thick streaks12 of lava13 wound over the sides of the mountain, and thus marked the course of the eruptive matter to the lower valleys which furrowed14 the northern part of the island.

The interior of the crater, whose inclination15 did not exceed thirty five to forty degrees, presented no difficulties nor obstacles to the ascent16. Traces of very ancient lava were noticed, which probably had overflowed17 the summit of the cone, before this lateral18 chasm had opened a new way to it.

As to the volcanic19 chimney which established a communication between the subterranean20 layers and the crater, its depth could not be calculated with the eye, for it was lost in obscurity. But there was no doubt as to the complete extinction21 of the volcano.

Before eight o'clock Harding and his companions were assembled at the summit of the crater, on a conical mound22 which swelled23 the northern edge.

"The sea, the sea everywhere!" they cried, as if their lips could not restrain the words which made islanders of them.

The sea, indeed, formed an immense circular sheet of water all around them! Perhaps, on climbing again to the summit of the cone, Cyrus Harding had had a hope of discovering some coast, some island shore, which he had not been able to perceive in the dark the evening before. But nothing appeared on the farthest verge24 of the horizon, that is to say over a radius25 of more than fifty miles. No land in sight. Not a sail. Over all this immense space the ocean alone was visible--the island occupied the center of a circumference26 which appeared to be infinite.

The engineer and his companions, mute and motionless, surveyed for some minutes every point of the ocean, examining it to its most extreme limits. Even Pencroft, who possessed27 a marvelous power of sight, saw nothing; and certainly if there had been land at the horizon, if it appeared only as an indistinct vapor28, the sailor would undoubtedly29 have found it out, for nature had placed regular telescopes under his eyebrows30.

From the ocean their gaze returned to the island which they commanded entirely31, and the first question was put by Gideon Spilett in these terms:

"About what size is this island?"

Truly, it did not appear large in the midst of the immense ocean.

Cyrus Harding reflected a few minutes; he attentively observed the perimeter32 of the island, taking into consideration the height at which he was placed; then,--

"My friends," said he, "I do not think I am mistaken in giving to the shore of the island a circumference of more than a hundred miles."

"And consequently an area?"

"That is difficult to estimate," replied the engineer, "for it is so uneven33."

If Cyrus Harding was not mistaken in his calculation, the island had almost the extent of Malta or Zante, in the Mediterranean34, but it was at the same time much more irregular and less rich in capes36, promontories37, points, bays, or creeks39. Its strange form caught the eye, and when Gideon Spilett, on the engineer's advice, had drawn40 the outline, they found that it resembled some fantastic animal, a monstrous41 leviathan, which lay sleeping on the surface of the Pacific.

This was in fact the exact shape of the island, which it is of consequence to know, and a tolerably correct map of it was immediately drawn by the reporter.

The east part of the shore, where the castaways had landed, formed a wide bay, terminated by a sharp cape35, which had been concealed42 by a high point from Pencroft on his first exploration. At the northeast two other capes closed the bay, and between them ran a narrow gulf43, which looked like the half-open jaws45 of a formidable dog-fish.

From the northeast to the southwest the coast was rounded, like the flattened46 cranium of an animal, rising again, forming a sort of protuberance which did not give any particular shape to this part of the island, of which the center was occupied by the volcano.

From this point the shore ran pretty regularly north and south, broken at two-thirds of its perimeter by a narrow creek38, from which it ended in a long tail, similar to the caudal appendage47 of a gigantic alligator48.

This tail formed a regular peninsula, which stretched more than thirty miles into the sea, reckoning from the cape southeast of the island, already mentioned; it curled round, making an open roadstead, which marked out the lower shore of this strangely-formed land.

At the narrowest part, that is to say between the Chimneys and the creek on the western shore, which corresponded to it in latitude49, the island only measured ten miles; but its greatest length, from the jaws at the northeast to the extremity50 of the tail of the southwest, was not less than thirty miles.

As to the interior of the island, its general aspect was this, very woody throughout the southern part from the mountain to the shore, and arid51 and sandy in the northern part. Between the volcano and the east coast Cyrus Harding and his companions were surprised to see a lake, bordered with green trees, the existence of which they had not suspected. Seen from this height, the lake appeared to be on the same level as the ocean, but, on reflection, the engineer explained to his companions that the altitude of this little sheet of water must be about three hundred feet, because the plateau, which was its basin, was but a prolongation of the coast.

"Is it a freshwater lake?" asked Pencroft.

"Certainly," replied the engineer, "for it must be fed by the water which flows from the mountain."

"I see a little river which runs into it," said Herbert, pointing out a narrow stream, which evidently took its source somewhere in the west.

"Yes," said Harding; "and since this stream feeds the lake, most probably on the side near the sea there is an outlet52 by which the surplus water escapes. We shall see that on our return."

This little winding53 watercourse and the river already mentioned constituted the water-system, at least such as it was displayed to the eyes of the explorers. However, it was possible that under the masses of trees which covered two-thirds of the island, forming an immense forest, other rivers ran towards the sea. It might even be inferred that such was the case, so rich did this region appear in the most magnificent specimens54 of the flora55 of the temperate56 zones. There was no indication of running water in the north, though perhaps there might be stagnant57 water among the marshes58 in the northeast; but that was all, in addition to the downs, sand, and aridity59 which contrasted so strongly with the luxuriant vegetation of the rest of the island.

The volcano did not occupy the central part; it rose, on the contrary, in the northwestern region, and seemed to mark the boundary of the two zones. At the southwest, at the south, and the southeast, the first part of the spurs were hidden under masses of verdure. At the north, on the contrary, one could follow their ramifications60, which died away on the sandy plains. It was on this side that, at the time when the mountain was in a state of eruption61, the discharge had worn away a passage, and a large heap of lava had spread to the narrow jaw44 which formed the northeastern gulf.

Cyrus Harding and his companions remained an hour at the top of the mountain. The island was displayed under their eyes, like a plan in relief with different tints62, green for the forests, yellow for the sand, blue for the water. They viewed it in its tout-ensemble, nothing remained concealed but the ground hidden by verdure, the hollows of the valleys, and the interior of the volcanic chasms63.

One important question remained to be solved, and the answer would have a great effect upon the future of the castaways.

Was the island inhabited?

It was the reporter who put this question, to which after the close examination they had just made, the answer seemed to be in the negative.

Nowhere could the work of a human hand be perceived. Not a group of huts, not a solitary64 cabin, not a fishery on the shore. No smoke curling in the air betrayed the presence of man. It is true, a distance of nearly thirty miles separated the observers from the extreme points, that is, of the tail which extended to the southwest, and it would have been difficult, even to Pencroft's eyes, to discover a habitation there. Neither could the curtain of verdure, which covered three-quarters of the island, be raised to see if it did not shelter some straggling village. But in general the islanders live on the shores of the narrow spaces which emerge above the waters of the Pacific, and this shore appeared to be an absolute desert.

Until a more complete exploration, it might be admitted that the island was uninhabited. But was it frequented, at least occasionally, by the natives of neighboring islands? It was difficult to reply to this question. No land appeared within a radius of fifty miles. But fifty miles could be easily crossed, either by Malay proas or by the large Polynesian canoes. Everything depended on the position of the island, of its isolation65 in the Pacific, or of its proximity66 to archipelagoes. Would Cyrus Harding be able to find out their latitude and longitude67 without instruments? It would be difficult. Since he was in doubt, it was best to take precautions against a possible descent of neighboring natives.

The exploration of the island was finished, its shape determined68, its features made out, its extent calculated, the water and mountain systems ascertained69. The disposition70 of the forests and plains had been marked in a general way on the reporter's plan. They had now only to descend71 the mountain slopes again, and explore the soil, in the triple point of view, of its mineral, vegetable, and animal resources.

But before giving his companions the signal for departure, Cyrus Harding said to them in a calm, grave voice,--

Here, my friends, is the small corner of land upon which the hand of the Almighty72 has thrown us. We are going to live here; a long time, perhaps. Perhaps, too, unexpected help will arrive, if some ship passes by chance. I say by chance, because this is an unimportant island; there is not even a port in which ships could anchor, and it is to be feared that it is situated out of the route usually followed, that is to say, too much to the south for the ships which frequent the archipelagoes of the Pacific, and too much to the north for those which go to Australia by doubling Cape Horn. I wish to hide nothing of our position from you--"

"And you are right, my dear Cyrus," replied the reporter, with animation73. "You have to deal with men. They have confidence in you, and you can depend upon them. Is it not so, my friends?"

"I will obey you in everything, captain," said Herbert, seizing the engineer's hand.

"My master always, and everywhere!" cried Neb.

"As for me," said the sailor, "if I ever grumble74 at work, my name's not Jack75 Pencroft, and if you like, captain, we will make a little America of this island! We will build towns, we will establish railways, start telegraphs, and one fine day, when it is quite changed, quite put in order and quite civilized76, we will go and offer it to the government of the Union. Only, I ask one thing."

"What is that?" said the reporter.

"It is, that we do not consider ourselves castaways, but colonists77, who have come here to settle." Harding could not help smiling, and the sailor's idea was adopted. He then thanked his companions, and added, that he would rely on their energy and on the aid of Heaven.

"Well, now let us set off to the Chimneys!" cried Pencroft.

"One minute, my friends," said the engineer. "It seems to me it would be a good thing to give a name to this island, as well as to, the capes, promontories, and watercourses, which we can see.

"Very good," said the reporter. "In the future, that will simplify the instructions which we shall have to give and follow."

"Indeed," said the sailor, "already it is something to be able to say where one is going, and where one has come from. At least, it looks like somewhere."

"The Chimneys, for example," said Herbert.

"Exactly!" replied Pencroft. "That name was the most convenient, and it came to me quite of myself. Shall we keep the name of the Chimneys for our first encampment, captain?"

"Yes, Pencroft, since you have so christened it."

"Good! as for the others, that will be easy," returned the sailor, who was in high spirits. "Let us give them names, as the Robinsons did, whose story Herbert has often read to me; Providence78 Bay, Whale Point, Cape Disappointment!"

"Or, rather, the names of Captain Harding," said Herbert, "of Mr. Spilett, of Neb!--"

"My name!" cried Neb, showing his sparkling white teeth.

"Why not?" replied Pencroft. "Port Neb, that would do very well! And Cape Gideon--"

"I should prefer borrowing names from our country," said the reporter, "which would remind us of America."

"Yes, for the principal ones," then said Cyrus Harding; "for those of the bays and seas, I admit it willingly. We might give to that vast bay on the east the name of Union Bay, for example; to that large hollow on the south, Washington Bay; to the mountain upon which we are standing79, that of Mount Franklin; to that lake which is extended under our eyes, that of Lake Grant; nothing could be better, my friends. These names will recall our country, and those of the great citizens who have honored it; but for the rivers, gulfs, capes, and promontories, which we perceive from the top of this mountain, rather let us choose names which will recall their particular shape. They will impress themselves better on our memory, and at the same time will be more practical. The shape of the island is so strange that we shall not be troubled to imagine what it resembles. As to the streams which we do not know as yet, in different parts of the forest which we shall explore later, the creeks which afterwards will he discovered, we can christen them as we find them. What do you think, my friends?"

The engineer's proposal was unanimously agreed to by his companions. The island was spread out under their eyes like a map, and they had only to give names to all its angles and points. Gideon Spilett would write them down, and the geographical80 nomenclature of the island would be definitely adopted. First, they named the two bays and the mountain, Union Bay, Washington Bay, and Mount Franklin, as the engineer had suggested.

"Now," said the reporter, "to this peninsula at the southwest of the island, I propose to give the name of Serpentine81 Peninsula, and that of Reptile-end to the bent82 tail which terminates it, for it is just like a reptile's tail."

"Adopted," said the engineer.

"Now," said Herbert, pointing to the other extremity of the island, "let us call this gulf which is so singularly like a pair of open jaws, Shark Gulf."

"Capital!" cried Pencroft, "and we can complete the resemblance by naming the two parts of the jaws Mandible Cape."

"But there are two capes," observed the reporter.

"Well," replied Pencroft, "we can have North Mandible Cape and South Mandible Cape."

"They are inscribed," said Spilett.

"There is only the point at the southeastern extremity of the island to be named," said Pencroft.

"That is, the extremity of Union Bay?" asked Herbert.

"Claw Cape," cried Neb directly, who also wished to be godfather to some part of his domain83.

In truth, Neb had found an excellent name, for this cape was very like the powerful claw of the fantastic animal which this singularly-shaped island represented.

Pencroft was delighted at the turn things had taken, and their imaginations soon gave to the river which furnished the settlers with drinking water and near which the balloon had thrown them, the name of the Mercy, in true gratitude84 to Providence. To the islet upon which the castaways had first landed, the name of Safety Island; to the plateau which crowned the high granite85 precipice86 above the Chimneys, and from whence the gaze could embrace the whole of the vast bay, the name of Prospect87 Heights.

Lastly, all the masses of impenetrable wood which covered the Serpentine Peninsula were named the forests of the Far West.

The nomenclature of the visible and known parts of the island was thus finished, and later, they would complete it as they made fresh discoveries.

As to the points of the compass, the engineer had roughly fixed88 them by the height and position of the sun, which placed Union Bay and Prospect Heights to the east. But the next day, by taking the exact hour of the rising and setting of the sun, and by marking its position between this rising and setting, he reckoned to fix the north of the island exactly, for, in consequence of its situation in the Southern Hemisphere, the sun, at the precise moment of its culmination89, passed in the north and not in the south, as, in its apparent movement, it seems to do, to those places situated in the Northern Hemisphere.

Everything was finished, and the settlers had only to descend Mount Franklin to return to the Chimneys, when Pencroft cried out,--

"Well! we are preciously stupid!"

"Why?" asked Gideon Spilett, who had closed his notebook and risen to depart.

"Why! our island! we have forgotten to christen it!"

Herbert was going to propose to give it the engineer's name and all his companions would have applauded him, when Cyrus Harding said simply,--

"Let us give it the name of a great citizen, my friend; of him who now struggles to defend the unity90 of the American Republic! Let us call it Lincoln Island!"

The engineer's proposal was replied to by three hurrahs.

And that evening, before sleeping, the new colonists talked of their absent country; they spoke91 of the terrible war which stained it with blood; they could not doubt that the South would soon be subdued92, and that the cause of the North, the cause of justice, would triumph, thanks to Grant, thanks to Lincoln!

Now this happened the 30th of March, 1865. They little knew that sixteen days afterwards a frightful93 crime would be committed in Washington, and that on Good Friday Abraham Lincoln would fall by the hand of a fanatic94.

半个钟头以后,赛勒斯·史密斯和赫伯特回到了营地。工程师简单地告诉伙伴们说,上天把他们扔在一个荒岛上了,其他情况明天再研究。然后大家就去准备睡觉。这群荒岛上的居民,在海拔二千五百英尺的山洞里安安稳稳地睡了一夜。

第二天,3月30日,匆匆忙忙地吃完了早饭——除了烤角雉以外,别的什么也没有——工程师打算再爬到火山顶上去,仔细观察一下,如果荒岛跟任何陆地都不接近,或是在往来太平洋各群岛的航线以外,那么他们就可能一辈子困守在这里。这一次伙伴们跟着他参加了新的探索。他们也想看一下荒岛,因为今后他们的一切需要都必须依靠岛上的物产来供应。

早上七点钟左右,赛勒斯·史密斯、赫伯特、潘克洛夫、吉丁·史佩莱和纳布离开了营地。他们对于这个处境似乎并不感到焦急。他们对自己有信心。这是毫无疑问的,但是有一点必须指出,就是,史密斯的信心基础和他的伙伴们不一样。史密斯所以满怀着信心,因为他认为能够从这片荒凉的土地上取得他和他的伙伴们需要的一切生活必需品,而伙伴们所以毫不担忧则是因为有赛勒斯·史密斯和他们在一起。特别是潘克洛夫,自从生火的事情以后,他任何时候也不感到悲观,只要有工程师和他在一起,即使在一块光秃秃的石头上,他都不伯。

“呸!”他说,“我们没有经过官方的许可一样能够离开里士满!何况这里肯定没有人会阻拦我们,我们要是再想不出法子逃出去,那才怪呢!”

赛勒斯·史密斯按照昨晚走过的路出发。他们沿着形成山肩的高地,绕过火山锥向巨大的山洞走去。天气非常晴朗。太阳悬挂在万里无云的天空,阳光照遍了整个东面的山坡。

他们走到火山口前。它和工程师在黑暗中所辨认出来的完全一样,也就是说,象一个庞大的漏斗,从上到下,愈来愈宽,从高地到顶端有一千英尺。洞口以下是一道道又宽又厚的熔岩,它们从山坡上蜿蜒到山下,标志着当初岩浆流向低处山谷的道路,荒岛的北部遍地都是这些山谷形成的凹沟。

火山口内部的斜坡不过三十五度到四十度,爬上去既不困难也没有障碍。这里可以看出,很久以前遗留下来的熔岩大概还是在侧面的新喷口没有开出来以前从顶口上漫出来的。

火山管从底层一直通向火山口,它的深度肉眼没法观测,因为光线太暗了。然而火山已经完全熄灭,这是毫无疑问的。

不到八点钟,史密斯和他的伙伴们一起来到了火山口的顶峰,他们站在北边隆起的锥形小丘上。

“海,到处是海!”他们不由自主地这样喊道,这句话使他们一变而为岛上的居民了。

不错,一片辽阔无边的大海环绕着他们!也许赛勒斯·史密斯在没有二次爬上火山锥顶以前,还希望前一天晚上在黑暗中没有看清,希望这次能发现海滨和岛岸。然而远到天边,也就是说在半径五十多英里的圆周内,都没有任何东西。看不见一片陆地,没有一叶孤帆。周围空旷的地方只看见茫茫的海洋——荒岛就是这个辽阔无边的圆形的中心。

工程师和他的伙伴们一动也不动地站在那里,默默地观察了几分钟,大海的每一个方向,直到最远的边缘都看遍了。潘克洛夫的眼睛向来好得出奇,然而他也看不见任何东西,如果水平线上有一片陆地,即使模糊得象水汽一样,肯定地说,水手也能找到的,他仿佛生来就带着一副望远镜。

他们看完了海洋再回过头来看他们下面整个的海岛,吉丁·史佩莱首先问道:

“这个岛大概有多大?”

的确,在这漫无边际的海洋里,它显得并不大。

赛勒斯·史密斯想了几分钟;他仔细地看了一下海岛的周围,考虑到他们所在的高度;然后说:

“朋友们,岛的周围大约有一百多英里,我想是不会错的。”

“那么面积呢?”

“很难估计,”工程师答道,“因为地势太不规则了。”

如果赛勒斯·史密斯估计得不错,那么这个岛就和地中海里的马耳他岛或赞德岛差不多大,不同的是它的地形复杂得多,而海角、地岬、地角、港湾和河流却比较少。这个扁的奇怪的地形特别显眼,吉丁·史佩莱根据工程师的意见把海岛的轮廓画了下来,他们觉得它很象一只奇怪的动物,仿佛是一只极大的海兽躺在太平洋的水面上。

事实上海岛的形状确是这样,掌握了这一点是具有重大意义的,通讯记者立刻就相当正确地画了一张海岛的草图。

海岸的东部——也就是这批遇难的人登陆的地方——形成一个宽阔的港湾,港湾尽头是一个突出的海角。潘克洛夫第一次观察的时候,因为被隆起的地岬遮住,所以没有看见。东北方另外有两个海角围着港湾,海角中间留着一道狭长的海峡,看起来象一只可怕的角蛟半张着嘴。

从东北到西北海岸是弧形的,很象动物的扁平头盖。跟着海岸又往上突起,在地面上高出一大块,但是这部分海岛的形状不很清楚,海岛的中部就是火山。

从这隆起的一点开始,海岸从南到北相当平直,沿岸三分之二的地方,有一条很窄的小河把海岸分开,从小河分割的地方起,海岸就成了长长的一小条,好象大鳄鱼的尾巴。

这根尾巴向海里伸出三十多英里长,形成一个名符其实的半岛。半岛弯曲过来,形成一个可以停泊船只的宽阔海湾,它是这块地形特别的土地上的低海岸部分。

从“石窟”到纬度相同的西海岸的小河,是海岛最狭的地方,距离只有十英里;可是最长的地方,也就是从东北的峡口到西南端的半岛尾部,至少有三十英里。

海岛的内陆大致是这样的,从高山到南部海岸一带树木很多,北部则干燥多沙。在火山和东部海滨之间,出乎赛勒斯·史密斯和他的伙伴们的意料,竟发现有一个湖。沿湖生长着许多常绿树,岛上有这种树木,这倒是他们事先没有想到的。从山顶上看过去,这个湖好象和海面一样高,可是工程师衡量了一下,他告诉大家,湖面一定在高约三百英尺的地方,因为海滨向上延伸成一片高地,而湖就在高地上。

“这是一个淡水湖吗?”潘克洛夫问道。

“当然,”工程师说,“湖水一定是山里流下来的。”

“看!一条小河往湖里流。”赫伯特指着一条很狭的溪水说,它显然是从西边一带流来的。

“是的,”史密斯说,“既然有小河往湖里输送水,那么在靠海的地方一定有一个出口,湖水大多的时候就从那里排出去。我们回去的时候可以去看看。”

岛上的水系至少包括这条曲折的小河和前面已经提到过的河流,这是探险家们已经看到的。然而,整个的海岛上几乎有三分之二覆盖着树木,形成一片广大的森林,因此也可能有其他的河流从树底下流到海里去,甚至可以这样推论,从这一带看来,这个地区内美丽的温带草木品种实在太多了。北部看不见有任何河流,也许东北部的沼泽地带可能有一些死水;除此以外就是一些沙丘、沙滩和干燥的土地。这和海岛上其余树木茂密的部分比起来,显得太不相同。

火山并不在海岛的正中央,相反的,它耸立在西北部,好象成了这两个地带的分界线;在西南、正南和东南三面,第一部分的支脉都被绿荫遮盖住了。北边就不同,山脉的分支清清楚楚地摆在人的眼前,这些分支一直伸展到沙地的平原上才完。当初火山喷射的时候、就是向这一面冲开一个破口的,大堆的熔岩遍布到形成东北港湾的峡口。

赛勒斯·史密斯和他的伙伴们在山顶上呆了一个钟头。海岛摆在他们的眼睛下面,象一个彩色的立体地形图,绿的代表森林,黄的代表沙地,蓝的代表水。他们把它全部看了一遍,除了绿荫覆盖下的土地、下塌的山谷和火山口的内壁以外,再没有什么隐藏着看不见的地方了。

有一个重要的问题还没有解决,而这个问题的答案对这群遇难人的前途却有极大的影响。

岛上有人吗?

这个问题是通讯记者提出来的,经过一番仔细的观察,答案似乎是否定的。

到处都没有人类开拓过的迹象。没有一簇房舍,没有一幢小屋,海滨上也没有一个渔场,陆地上没有一缕可以证明有人家的轻烟。固然,他们离最远的地方——也就是伸向西南的半岛一还有将近三十英里,即使潘克洛夫的眼睛,也很难看出那里有住宅。海岛四分之三的面积覆盖着森林,他们没法把它揭开来,看看底下是不是藏着稀落的村舍。可是总的看来,他们是落在太平洋里一个空旷的海岛上,这个海岛看来是没有人烟的荒野。

要想最后肯定岛上有没有居民,那还需要经过更加彻底的探索。可是附近的岛屿上是不是经常——至少是偶尔——有土人到这儿来呢?这个问题很难回答。周围五十英里之内看不见陆地。可是不论是马来人的帆船还是玻里尼西亚人的独木舟,要想渡过五十英里的海面都很容易。问题要根据海岛的位置来决定,究竟是孤零零地独立在太平洋里,还是靠近什么群岛?赛勒斯·史密斯不用仪器能算出它们的经纬度来吗?这是困难的。在没有了解情况以前,应当依照附近的土人可能来到的情况作防备。

海岛已经察看完毕了。他们肯定了它的形状,了解了它的地势,算出了它的大小,查清了它的山岳和河流。森林和平原的分布也由通讯记者概括地画下来了。现在只等下山从矿物、动物和植物这三方面来勘察这块土地的资源。

在招呼伙伴们动身以前,赛勒斯·史密斯安详而沉着地对大家说:

“朋友们,我们被上天扔在这一小块土地上了。我们要在这里生活,也许要住很久。如果碰巧有船经过,也可能突然得救。我所以说‘碰巧’,是因为这个海岛太小了。这里甚至连一个可以停船的港口也没有,恐怕我们是在一般船只的航线以外,也就是说,对经常来往太平洋各群岛的船只说来,我们的位置过于偏南,但对绕过合恩角到澳洲去的船只说来,我们又过于偏北了。关于我们的处境我丝毫不打算隐瞒你们……”

“你说得对,亲爱的赛勒斯,”通讯记者兴奋地说。“跟你在一起的都是男子汉大丈夫。我们大家都信任你,你也可以信任大家。对不对,朋友们?”

“我完全听你指挥。”赫伯特抓住工程师的手说。

“不论是什么时候,什么地方,你都是我的主人!”纳布喊道。

“我呢,”水手说,“不管叫我做什么,如果我要哼一声,我就不叫杰克·潘克洛夫,只要你愿意,我们就把这个海岛变成一个小美国!我们要开辟城市,铺筑铁道,拉起电线来打电报。有一天,等到岛上的面貌都改变了,一切都有条有理,变得很文明的时候,我们就把它移交给联合政府。现在我只有一个要求。”

“什么要求?”通讯记者说。

“就是:我们不要把自己当作遇难的人,只当是一群到这儿来开垦的移民。”

史密斯不禁笑了起来,水手的提议被采纳了。于是他向大家表示感谢,并且补充说,他要依靠大家的力量。

“好了,现在我们回‘石窟’去吧!”潘克洛夫大声说。

“等一会儿,朋友们,”工程师说。“我觉得应该给这个海岛,还有我们所看见的那些海角、地岬和河流,起个名字。”

“很好,”通讯记者说。“我们以后会有很多事情要做,有了名字就简单得多了。”

“真的,”水手说,“现在我们来来去去已经有东西可以表达了。至少好象有这么个地方……”

“比方说,‘石窟’吧。”赫伯特说。

“一点儿也不错!”潘克洛夫说。“这个名字最方便了,这完全是我无意中想出来的。我们就把第一次过夜的地方叫做‘石窟’好吗,赛勒斯先生?”

“行,潘克洛夫,既然你给它起了名字,就这么叫吧。”

“好极了!其他的也好办,”水手兴高采烈地说。“赫伯特常跟我说鲁宾逊的故事,我们就模仿着鲁宾逊给这些地方起名字吧,象什么上苍湾、鲸鱼岬、失望角!”

“要不然,用史密斯先生的名字,”赫伯特说,“史佩莱先生的名字,纳布的名字!……”

“我的名字?”纳布露着他雪白晶莹的牙齿说。

“有什么不行呢?”潘克洛夫答道。“纳布港,不很好吗?还有吉丁角……”

“我赞成借用祖国的地名,”通讯记者说,“这样可以使我们不忘记美国。”

“好,对于主要的地方,”赛勒斯·史密斯说,“我非常赞成这样来给港湾和海洋命名。比方说,我们可以把东边的那个大海湾叫做联合湾,把南边的那个大海湾叫做华盛顿湾;把我们所站的这座山叫做富兰克林山,把我们所瞧见的下面那个湖叫做格兰特湖;再好也没有了,朋友们。我们就用这些名字来怀念我们的祖国,纪念为国增光的那些伟大的公民。至于我们从这座山顶上所看见的那些河流、海湾、海角和地岬,最好还是根据它们形状的特点来命名。这样比较容易记住,而且更加切合实际。这个海岛的样子非常特别。我们要想出一个能表示出它的形状来的东西是不会困难的。各处森林里的河流我们现在虽然还不知道,但是这些森林将来是要去探索的,那些河流以及日后会发现的小溪,我们都可以随发现随命名。朋友们,你们认为怎么样?”

工程师的提议得到了伙伴们的一致同意。海岛象一幅地图似的铺展在他们的眼睛下边,只差给各点各处都起个名字。吉丁·史佩莱把这些名字记下来以后,海岛的地理名称就算正式确定了。

首先,他们根据工程师的提议,把两个港湾命名为联合湾和华盛顿湾,高山命名为富兰克林山。

“现在,”通讯记者说,“我建议把海岛西南的那个半岛叫做盘蛇半岛,把半岛末端的那个弯尾巴叫做爬虫角,因为它很象爬虫的尾巴。”

“同意。”工程师说。

“现在,”赫伯特指着海岛的另一端说,“这个海湾简直跟张开的大鱼嘴一样,我们就把它叫做鲨鱼湾吧。”

“好极了!”潘克洛夫大声说,“我们再把嘴的上下两部分叫做颚骨角,那就丝毫不差了。”

“可是有两个海角呢。”通讯记者说。

“不要紧,”潘克洛夫回答说,“我们可以把它们叫做北颚角和南颚角。”

“都记下来了。”史佩莱说。

“只剩荒岛东南端的海角没有名字了。”潘克洛夫说。

“是联合湾的末端吗?”赫伯特问道。

“就把它叫做爪角吧。”纳布脱口喊道,他也想成为他的一部分领土的教父。

纳布起的名字很恰当,因为这片奇形怪状的陆地就象一只怪兽,而这个海角又正象怪兽坚强有力的利爪。

潘克洛夫对事情的发展感到很满意。气球把他们降落在河水附近,使他们可以喝到这条河的淡水,于是他们很快地就给它想了一个名字,叫做慈悲河,表示对上苍真诚的感谢。遇难的人首先着陆的那个小岛被命名为安全岛,石窟的上方有一个高耸的花岗石峭壁,峭壁的顶端是一块高地,站在那里整个的海湾都在眼前了,他们就把这个高地命名为眺望岗。

最后,他们又把覆盖着盘蛇半岛的整个密林叫做远西森林。

海岛上看得见的和已经知道的地方就这样命名完毕了,将来再有新的发现,还要继续完成这项工作。

至于各个部分的方位,工程师根据观测太阳的高度和方向的结果,大概作了一个测定:联合湾和眺望岗在正东。可是第二天,根据日出和日落的精确时间和记录中午时太阳的位置,他准确地断定了海岛的正北方向,由于海岛在南半球,因此太阳在正过中天的时候,经过的是北边而不是南边,跟在北半球所看到的太阳视动不一样。

所有的工作都已完毕,居民们只等走下富兰克林山回石窟了,这时候潘克洛夫突然大叫起来:

“好哇!我们真是大傻瓜!”

“怎么?”吉丁·史佩莱问道,他已经合上笔记本,站起身来打算走了。

“怎么!我们所在的岛,竟会忘记给它起名字了!”

赫伯特正打算提议用工程师的名字来给海岛命名——伙伴们一定都会同意的——可是这时候赛勒斯·史密斯简单地说:

“朋友们,我们用一个伟大的公民的名字来给它命名吧,这个公民现在正在为保卫美利坚共和国的统一而斗争,我们就把这个岛叫做林肯岛吧!”

大家欢呼了三次,表示拥护工程师的建议。

那天晚上睡觉以前,这群新来的移民谈到他们阔别了的祖国;谈到可怕的流血战争;他们深信南军很快就要失败,有了格兰特将军,有了林肯,北军的事业——也就是正义的事业——一定会胜利的?

这是1865年3月30日的事情。他们想不到在十六天以后,华盛顿会发生一件可怕的阴谋,在受难日的星期五那天,亚伯拉罕·林肯竟死在一个丧心病狂的暴徒手里。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 repose KVGxQ     
v.(使)休息;n.安息
参考例句:
  • Don't disturb her repose.不要打扰她休息。
  • Her mouth seemed always to be smiling,even in repose.她的嘴角似乎总是挂着微笑,即使在睡眠时也是这样。
2 solely FwGwe     
adv.仅仅,唯一地
参考例句:
  • Success should not be measured solely by educational achievement.成功与否不应只用学业成绩来衡量。
  • The town depends almost solely on the tourist trade.这座城市几乎完全靠旅游业维持。
3 attentively AyQzjz     
adv.聚精会神地;周到地;谛;凝神
参考例句:
  • She listened attentively while I poured out my problems. 我倾吐心中的烦恼时,她一直在注意听。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • She listened attentively and set down every word he said. 她专心听着,把他说的话一字不漏地记下来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 imprisoned bc7d0bcdd0951055b819cfd008ef0d8d     
下狱,监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • He was imprisoned for two concurrent terms of 30 months and 18 months. 他被判处30个月和18个月的监禁,合并执行。
  • They were imprisoned for possession of drugs. 他们因拥有毒品而被监禁。
5 situated JiYzBH     
adj.坐落在...的,处于某种境地的
参考例句:
  • The village is situated at the margin of a forest.村子位于森林的边缘。
  • She is awkwardly situated.她的处境困难。
6 vessels fc9307c2593b522954eadb3ee6c57480     
n.血管( vessel的名词复数 );船;容器;(具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的)人
参考例句:
  • The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
7 extorting 94ab06c44e3c6bf6bc0356186a53ffaa     
v.敲诈( extort的现在分词 );曲解
参考例句:
  • Corrupt government officials were extorting money from him. 腐败的政府官员向他敲诈钱财。 来自辞典例句
  • He's been charged with extorting protection money from the shopkeepers. 他被指控对店主敲诈勒索保护费。 来自互联网
8 cone lYJyi     
n.圆锥体,圆锥形东西,球果
参考例句:
  • Saw-dust piled up in a great cone.锯屑堆积如山。
  • The police have sectioned off part of the road with traffic cone.警察用锥形路标把部分路面分隔开来。
9 chasm or2zL     
n.深坑,断层,裂口,大分岐,利害冲突
参考例句:
  • There's a chasm between rich and poor in that society.那社会中存在着贫富差距。
  • A huge chasm gaped before them.他们面前有个巨大的裂痕。
10 crater WofzH     
n.火山口,弹坑
参考例句:
  • With a telescope you can see the huge crater of Ve-suvius.用望远镜你能看到巨大的维苏威火山口。
  • They came to the lip of a dead crater.他们来到了一个死火山口。
11 funnel xhgx4     
n.漏斗;烟囱;v.汇集
参考例句:
  • He poured the petrol into the car through a funnel.他用一个漏斗把汽油灌入汽车。
  • I like the ship with a yellow funnel.我喜欢那条有黄烟囱的船。
12 streaks a961fa635c402b4952940a0218464c02     
n.(与周围有所不同的)条纹( streak的名词复数 );(通常指不好的)特征(倾向);(不断经历成功或失败的)一段时期v.快速移动( streak的第三人称单数 );使布满条纹
参考例句:
  • streaks of grey in her hair 她头上的绺绺白发
  • Bacon has streaks of fat and streaks of lean. 咸肉中有几层肥的和几层瘦的。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
13 lava v9Zz5     
n.熔岩,火山岩
参考例句:
  • The lava flowed down the sides of the volcano.熔岩沿火山坡面涌流而下。
  • His anger spilled out like lava.他的愤怒像火山爆发似的迸发出来。
14 furrowed furrowed     
v.犁田,开沟( furrow的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • Overhead hung a summer sky furrowed with the rash of rockets. 头顶上的夏日夜空纵横着急疾而过的焰火。 来自辞典例句
  • The car furrowed the loose sand as it crossed the desert. 车子横过沙漠,在松软的沙土上犁出了一道车辙。 来自辞典例句
15 inclination Gkwyj     
n.倾斜;点头;弯腰;斜坡;倾度;倾向;爱好
参考例句:
  • She greeted us with a slight inclination of the head.她微微点头向我们致意。
  • I did not feel the slightest inclination to hurry.我没有丝毫着急的意思。
16 ascent TvFzD     
n.(声望或地位)提高;上升,升高;登高
参考例句:
  • His rapid ascent in the social scale was surprising.他的社会地位提高之迅速令人吃惊。
  • Burke pushed the button and the elevator began its slow ascent.伯克按动电钮,电梯开始缓慢上升。
17 overflowed 4cc5ae8d4154672c8a8539b5a1f1842f     
溢出的
参考例句:
  • Plates overflowed with party food. 聚会上的食物碟满盘盈。
  • A great throng packed out the theater and overflowed into the corridors. 一大群人坐满剧院并且还有人涌到了走廊上。 来自《简明英汉词典》
18 lateral 83ey7     
adj.侧面的,旁边的
参考例句:
  • An airfoil that controls lateral motion.能够控制横向飞行的机翼。
  • Mr.Dawson walked into the court from a lateral door.道森先生从一个侧面的门走进法庭。
19 volcanic BLgzQ     
adj.火山的;象火山的;由火山引起的
参考例句:
  • There have been several volcanic eruptions this year.今年火山爆发了好几次。
  • Volcanic activity has created thermal springs and boiling mud pools.火山活动产生了温泉和沸腾的泥浆池。
20 subterranean ssWwo     
adj.地下的,地表下的
参考例句:
  • London has 9 miles of such subterranean passages.伦敦像这样的地下通道有9英里长。
  • We wandered through subterranean passages.我们漫游地下通道。
21 extinction sPwzP     
n.熄灭,消亡,消灭,灭绝,绝种
参考例句:
  • The plant is now in danger of extinction.这种植物现在有绝种的危险。
  • The island's way of life is doomed to extinction.这个岛上的生活方式注定要消失。
22 mound unCzhy     
n.土墩,堤,小山;v.筑堤,用土堆防卫
参考例句:
  • The explorers climbed a mound to survey the land around them.勘探者爬上土丘去勘测周围的土地。
  • The mound can be used as our screen.这个土丘可做我们的掩蔽物。
23 swelled bd4016b2ddc016008c1fc5827f252c73     
增强( swell的过去式和过去分词 ); 肿胀; (使)凸出; 充满(激情)
参考例句:
  • The infection swelled his hand. 由于感染,他的手肿了起来。
  • After the heavy rain the river swelled. 大雨过后,河水猛涨。
24 verge gUtzQ     
n.边,边缘;v.接近,濒临
参考例句:
  • The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
  • She was on the verge of bursting into tears.她快要哭出来了。
25 radius LTKxp     
n.半径,半径范围;有效航程,范围,界限
参考例句:
  • He has visited every shop within a radius of two miles.周围两英里以内的店铺他都去过。
  • We are measuring the radius of the circle.我们正在测量圆的半径。
26 circumference HOszh     
n.圆周,周长,圆周线
参考例句:
  • It's a mile round the circumference of the field.运动场周长一英里。
  • The diameter and the circumference of a circle correlate.圆的直径与圆周有相互关系。
27 possessed xuyyQ     
adj.疯狂的;拥有的,占有的
参考例句:
  • He flew out of the room like a man possessed.他像着了魔似地猛然冲出房门。
  • He behaved like someone possessed.他行为举止像是魔怔了。
28 vapor DHJy2     
n.蒸汽,雾气
参考例句:
  • The cold wind condenses vapor into rain.冷风使水蒸气凝结成雨。
  • This new machine sometimes transpires a lot of hot vapor.这部机器有时排出大量的热气。
29 undoubtedly Mfjz6l     
adv.确实地,无疑地
参考例句:
  • It is undoubtedly she who has said that.这话明明是她说的。
  • He is undoubtedly the pride of China.毫无疑问他是中国的骄傲。
30 eyebrows a0e6fb1330e9cfecfd1c7a4d00030ed5     
眉毛( eyebrow的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Eyebrows stop sweat from coming down into the eyes. 眉毛挡住汗水使其不能流进眼睛。
  • His eyebrows project noticeably. 他的眉毛特别突出。
31 entirely entirely     
ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地
参考例句:
  • The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
  • His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。
32 perimeter vSxzj     
n.周边,周长,周界
参考例句:
  • The river marks the eastern perimeter of our land.这条河标示我们的土地东面的边界。
  • Drinks in hands,they wandered around the perimeter of the ball field.他们手里拿着饮料在球场周围漫不经心地遛跶。
33 uneven akwwb     
adj.不平坦的,不规则的,不均匀的
参考例句:
  • The sidewalk is very uneven—be careful where you walk.这人行道凹凸不平—走路时请小心。
  • The country was noted for its uneven distribution of land resources.这个国家以土地资源分布不均匀出名。
34 Mediterranean ezuzT     
adj.地中海的;地中海沿岸的
参考例句:
  • The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
  • Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。
35 cape ITEy6     
n.海角,岬;披肩,短披风
参考例句:
  • I long for a trip to the Cape of Good Hope.我渴望到好望角去旅行。
  • She was wearing a cape over her dress.她在外套上披着一件披肩。
36 capes 2a2d1f6d8808b81a9484709d3db50053     
碎谷; 斗篷( cape的名词复数 ); 披肩; 海角; 岬
参考例句:
  • It was cool and they were putting on their capes. 夜里阴冷,他们都穿上了披风。
  • The pastor smiled to give son's two Capes five cents money. 牧师微笑着给了儿子二角五分钱。
37 promontories df3353de526911b08826846800a29549     
n.岬,隆起,海角( promontory的名词复数 )
参考例句:
38 creek 3orzL     
n.小溪,小河,小湾
参考例句:
  • He sprang through the creek.他跳过小河。
  • People sunbathe in the nude on the rocks above the creek.人们在露出小溪的岩石上裸体晒日光浴。
39 creeks creeks     
n.小湾( creek的名词复数 );小港;小河;小溪
参考例句:
  • The prospect lies between two creeks. 矿区位于两条溪流之间。 来自辞典例句
  • There was the excitement of fishing in country creeks with my grandpa on cloudy days. 有在阴雨天和姥爷一起到乡村河湾钓鱼的喜悦。 来自辞典例句
40 drawn MuXzIi     
v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的
参考例句:
  • All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
  • Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。
41 monstrous vwFyM     
adj.巨大的;恐怖的;可耻的,丢脸的
参考例句:
  • The smoke began to whirl and grew into a monstrous column.浓烟开始盘旋上升,形成了一个巨大的烟柱。
  • Your behaviour in class is monstrous!你在课堂上的行为真是丢人!
42 concealed 0v3zxG     
a.隐藏的,隐蔽的
参考例句:
  • The paintings were concealed beneath a thick layer of plaster. 那些画被隐藏在厚厚的灰泥层下面。
  • I think he had a gun concealed about his person. 我认为他当时身上藏有一支枪。
43 gulf 1e0xp     
n.海湾;深渊,鸿沟;分歧,隔阂
参考例句:
  • The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
  • There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。
44 jaw 5xgy9     
n.颚,颌,说教,流言蜚语;v.喋喋不休,教训
参考例句:
  • He delivered a right hook to his opponent's jaw.他给了对方下巴一记右钩拳。
  • A strong square jaw is a sign of firm character.强健的方下巴是刚毅性格的标志。
45 jaws cq9zZq     
n.口部;嘴
参考例句:
  • The antelope could not escape the crocodile's gaping jaws. 那只羚羊无法从鱷鱼张开的大口中逃脱。
  • The scored jaws of a vise help it bite the work. 台钳上有刻痕的虎钳牙帮助它紧咬住工件。
46 flattened 1d5d9fedd9ab44a19d9f30a0b81f79a8     
[医](水)平扁的,弄平的
参考例句:
  • She flattened her nose and lips against the window. 她把鼻子和嘴唇紧贴着窗户。
  • I flattened myself against the wall to let them pass. 我身体紧靠着墙让他们通过。
47 appendage KeJy7     
n.附加物
参考例句:
  • After their work,the calculus was no longer an appendage and extension of Greek geometry.经过他们的工作,微积分不再是古希腊几何的附庸和延展。
  • Macmillan must have loathed being judged as a mere appendage to domestic politics.麦克米伦肯定极不喜欢只被当成国内政治的附属品。
48 alligator XVgza     
n.短吻鳄(一种鳄鱼)
参考例句:
  • She wandered off to play with her toy alligator.她开始玩鳄鱼玩具。
  • Alligator skin is five times more costlier than leather.鳄鱼皮比通常的皮革要贵5倍。
49 latitude i23xV     
n.纬度,行动或言论的自由(范围),(pl.)地区
参考例句:
  • The latitude of the island is 20 degrees south.该岛的纬度是南纬20度。
  • The two cities are at approximately the same latitude.这两个城市差不多位于同一纬度上。
50 extremity tlgxq     
n.末端,尽头;尽力;终极;极度
参考例句:
  • I hope you will help them in their extremity.我希望你能帮助在穷途末路的他们。
  • What shall we do in this extremity?在这种极其困难的情况下我们该怎么办呢?
51 arid JejyB     
adj.干旱的;(土地)贫瘠的
参考例句:
  • These trees will shield off arid winds and protect the fields.这些树能挡住旱风,保护农田。
  • There are serious problems of land degradation in some arid zones.在一些干旱地带存在严重的土地退化问题。
52 outlet ZJFxG     
n.出口/路;销路;批发商店;通风口;发泄
参考例句:
  • The outlet of a water pipe was blocked.水管的出水口堵住了。
  • Running is a good outlet for his energy.跑步是他发泄过剩精力的好方法。
53 winding Ue7z09     
n.绕,缠,绕组,线圈
参考例句:
  • A winding lane led down towards the river.一条弯弯曲曲的小路通向河边。
  • The winding trail caused us to lose our orientation.迂回曲折的小道使我们迷失了方向。
54 specimens 91fc365099a256001af897127174fcce     
n.样品( specimen的名词复数 );范例;(化验的)抽样;某种类型的人
参考例句:
  • Astronauts have brought back specimens of rock from the moon. 宇航员从月球带回了岩石标本。
  • The traveler brought back some specimens of the rocks from the mountains. 那位旅行者从山上带回了一些岩石标本。 来自《简明英汉词典》
55 flora 4j7x1     
n.(某一地区的)植物群
参考例句:
  • The subtropical island has a remarkably rich native flora.这个亚热带岛屿有相当丰富的乡土植物种类。
  • All flora need water and light.一切草木都需要水和阳光。
56 temperate tIhzd     
adj.温和的,温带的,自我克制的,不过分的
参考例句:
  • Asia extends across the frigid,temperate and tropical zones.亚洲地跨寒、温、热三带。
  • Great Britain has a temperate climate.英国气候温和。
57 stagnant iGgzj     
adj.不流动的,停滞的,不景气的
参考例句:
  • Due to low investment,industrial output has remained stagnant.由于投资少,工业生产一直停滞不前。
  • Their national economy is stagnant.他们的国家经济停滞不前。
58 marshes 9fb6b97bc2685c7033fce33dc84acded     
n.沼泽,湿地( marsh的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Cows were grazing on the marshes. 牛群在湿地上吃草。
  • We had to cross the marshes. 我们不得不穿过那片沼泽地。 来自《简明英汉词典》
59 aridity WNey5     
n.干旱,乏味;干燥性;荒芜
参考例句:
  • The name Sahara conjures up images of a desert of aridity. "撒哈拉"这个名字使人想起干旱的沙漠情景。 来自辞典例句
  • The name conjures up images of a desert of aridity. “撒哈拉”这个名字使人想起“干旱”的沙漠情景。 来自互联网
60 ramifications 45f4d7d5a0d59c5d453474d22bf296ae     
n.结果,后果( ramification的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • These changes are bound to have widespread social ramifications. 这些变化注定会造成许多难以预料的社会后果。
  • What are the ramifications of our decision to join the union? 我们决定加入工会会引起哪些后果呢? 来自《简明英汉词典》
61 eruption UomxV     
n.火山爆发;(战争等)爆发;(疾病等)发作
参考例句:
  • The temple was destroyed in the violent eruption of 1470 BC.庙宇在公元前1470年猛烈的火山爆发中摧毁了。
  • The eruption of a volcano is spontaneous.火山的爆发是自发的。
62 tints 41fd51b51cf127789864a36f50ef24bf     
色彩( tint的名词复数 ); 带白的颜色; (淡色)染发剂; 痕迹
参考例句:
  • leaves with red and gold autumn tints 金秋时节略呈红黄色的树叶
  • The whole countryside glowed with autumn tints. 乡间处处呈现出灿烂的秋色。
63 chasms 59f980d139181b57c2aa4045ac238a6f     
裂缝( chasm的名词复数 ); 裂口; 分歧; 差别
参考例句:
  • She found great chasms in her mathematics and physics. 她觉得她的数学课和物理课的知识还很欠缺。
  • The sectarian chasms remain deep, the wounds of strife raw. 各派别的分歧巨大,旧恨新仇交织。
64 solitary 7FUyx     
adj.孤独的,独立的,荒凉的;n.隐士
参考例句:
  • I am rather fond of a solitary stroll in the country.我颇喜欢在乡间独自徜徉。
  • The castle rises in solitary splendour on the fringe of the desert.这座城堡巍然耸立在沙漠的边际,显得十分壮美。
65 isolation 7qMzTS     
n.隔离,孤立,分解,分离
参考例句:
  • The millionaire lived in complete isolation from the outside world.这位富翁过着与世隔绝的生活。
  • He retired and lived in relative isolation.他退休后,生活比较孤寂。
66 proximity 5RsxM     
n.接近,邻近
参考例句:
  • Marriages in proximity of blood are forbidden by the law.法律规定禁止近亲结婚。
  • Their house is in close proximity to ours.他们的房子很接近我们的。
67 longitude o0ZxR     
n.经线,经度
参考例句:
  • The city is at longitude 21°east.这个城市位于东经21度。
  • He noted the latitude and longitude,then made a mark on the admiralty chart.他记下纬度和经度,然后在航海图上做了个标记。
68 determined duszmP     
adj.坚定的;有决心的
参考例句:
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
69 ascertained e6de5c3a87917771a9555db9cf4de019     
v.弄清,确定,查明( ascertain的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • The previously unidentified objects have now been definitely ascertained as being satellites. 原来所说的不明飞行物现在已证实是卫星。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • I ascertained that she was dead. 我断定她已经死了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
70 disposition GljzO     
n.性情,性格;意向,倾向;排列,部署
参考例句:
  • He has made a good disposition of his property.他已对财产作了妥善处理。
  • He has a cheerful disposition.他性情开朗。
71 descend descend     
vt./vi.传下来,下来,下降
参考例句:
  • I hope the grace of God would descend on me.我期望上帝的恩惠。
  • We're not going to descend to such methods.我们不会沦落到使用这种手段。
72 almighty dzhz1h     
adj.全能的,万能的;很大的,很强的
参考例句:
  • Those rebels did not really challenge Gods almighty power.这些叛徒没有对上帝的全能力量表示怀疑。
  • It's almighty cold outside.外面冷得要命。
73 animation UMdyv     
n.活泼,兴奋,卡通片/动画片的制作
参考例句:
  • They are full of animation as they talked about their childhood.当他们谈及童年的往事时都非常兴奋。
  • The animation of China made a great progress.中国的卡通片制作取得很大发展。
74 grumble 6emzH     
vi.抱怨;咕哝;n.抱怨,牢骚;咕哝,隆隆声
参考例句:
  • I don't want to hear another grumble from you.我不愿再听到你的抱怨。
  • He could do nothing but grumble over the situation.他除了埋怨局势之外别无他法。
75 jack 53Hxp     
n.插座,千斤顶,男人;v.抬起,提醒,扛举;n.(Jake)杰克
参考例句:
  • I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。
  • He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。
76 civilized UwRzDg     
a.有教养的,文雅的
参考例句:
  • Racism is abhorrent to a civilized society. 文明社会憎恶种族主义。
  • rising crime in our so-called civilized societies 在我们所谓文明社会中日益增多的犯罪行为
77 colonists 4afd0fece453e55f3721623f335e6c6f     
n.殖民地开拓者,移民,殖民地居民( colonist的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Colonists from Europe populated many parts of the Americas. 欧洲的殖民者移居到了美洲的许多地方。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Some of the early colonists were cruel to the native population. 有些早期移居殖民地的人对当地居民很残忍。 来自《简明英汉词典》
78 providence 8tdyh     
n.深谋远虑,天道,天意;远见;节约;上帝
参考例句:
  • It is tempting Providence to go in that old boat.乘那艘旧船前往是冒大险。
  • To act as you have done is to fly in the face of Providence.照你的所作所为那样去行事,是违背上帝的意志的。
79 standing 2hCzgo     
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的
参考例句:
  • After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
  • They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
80 geographical Cgjxb     
adj.地理的;地区(性)的
参考例句:
  • The current survey will have a wider geographical spread.当前的调查将在更广泛的地域范围內进行。
  • These birds have a wide geographical distribution.这些鸟的地理分布很广。
81 serpentine MEgzx     
adj.蜿蜒的,弯曲的
参考例句:
  • One part of the Serpentine is kept for swimmers.蜿蜒河的一段划为游泳区。
  • Tremolite laths and serpentine minerals are present in places.有的地方出现透闪石板条及蛇纹石。
82 bent QQ8yD     
n.爱好,癖好;adj.弯的;决心的,一心的
参考例句:
  • He was fully bent upon the project.他一心扑在这项计划上。
  • We bent over backward to help them.我们尽了最大努力帮助他们。
83 domain ys8xC     
n.(活动等)领域,范围;领地,势力范围
参考例句:
  • This information should be in the public domain.这一消息应该为公众所知。
  • This question comes into the domain of philosophy.这一问题属于哲学范畴。
84 gratitude p6wyS     
adj.感激,感谢
参考例句:
  • I have expressed the depth of my gratitude to him.我向他表示了深切的谢意。
  • She could not help her tears of gratitude rolling down her face.她感激的泪珠禁不住沿着面颊流了下来。
85 granite Kyqyu     
adj.花岗岩,花岗石
参考例句:
  • They squared a block of granite.他们把一块花岗岩加工成四方形。
  • The granite overlies the older rocks.花岗岩躺在磨损的岩石上面。
86 precipice NuNyW     
n.悬崖,危急的处境
参考例句:
  • The hut hung half over the edge of the precipice.那间小屋有一半悬在峭壁边上。
  • A slight carelessness on this precipice could cost a man his life.在这悬崖上稍一疏忽就会使人丧生。
87 prospect P01zn     
n.前景,前途;景色,视野
参考例句:
  • This state of things holds out a cheerful prospect.事态呈现出可喜的前景。
  • The prospect became more evident.前景变得更加明朗了。
88 fixed JsKzzj     
adj.固定的,不变的,准备好的;(计算机)固定的
参考例句:
  • Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗?
  • Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定,我们就不应该随意改变。
89 culmination 9ycxq     
n.顶点;最高潮
参考例句:
  • The space race reached its culmination in the first moon walk.太空竞争以第一次在月球行走而达到顶峰。
  • It may truly be regarded as the culmination of classical Greek geometry.这确实可以看成是古典希腊几何的登峰造级之作。
90 unity 4kQwT     
n.团结,联合,统一;和睦,协调
参考例句:
  • When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结,并非一团和气。
  • We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前,我们必须加强团结。
91 spoke XryyC     
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
参考例句:
  • They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
  • The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
92 subdued 76419335ce506a486af8913f13b8981d     
adj. 屈服的,柔和的,减弱的 动词subdue的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • He seemed a bit subdued to me. 我觉得他当时有点闷闷不乐。
  • I felt strangely subdued when it was all over. 一切都结束的时候,我却有一种奇怪的压抑感。
93 frightful Ghmxw     
adj.可怕的;讨厌的
参考例句:
  • How frightful to have a husband who snores!有一个发鼾声的丈夫多讨厌啊!
  • We're having frightful weather these days.这几天天气坏极了。
94 fanatic AhfzP     
n.狂热者,入迷者;adj.狂热入迷的
参考例句:
  • Alexander is a football fanatic.亚历山大是个足球迷。
  • I am not a religious fanatic but I am a Christian.我不是宗教狂热分子,但我是基督徒。
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