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英语听力—环球英语 930 Laboratory Meat

时间:2012-03-10 07:02来源:互联网 提供网友:eileengao   字体: [ ]
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   Voice 1

  Welcome to Spotlight1. I’m Liz Waid.
  Voice 2
  And I’m Joshua Leo. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.
  Voice 1
  Imagine that you are sitting down to eat dinner with your family. Today’s meal is slow cooked meat and vegetables.  This stew2 is warm and smells very good. However, there is something different about it. No animals were killed to make this meal. The meat does not come from an animal. Instead, it is from a laboratory3. Would you still eat this dinner?
  Voice 2
  This may sound like a strange idea but it is a real possibility. Scientists have been working to grow meat “in vitro,” or in a laboratory, for many years.  You may have heard another Spotlight program about in vitro meat. That program looked at a $1,000,000 award.  The organization, PETA, offered this award.  The award is for the creation4 of good-tasting in vitro chicken meat.  No one has received PETA’s award yet.  However, scientists in the Netherlands have recently made a small amount of in vitro meat. Today’s Spotlight program is about in vitro meat - both its problems and advantages for the future.
  Voice 1
  Scientists in the Netherlands have been working for years to develop in vitro meat. In the laboratory, they mix cells from a horse and a pig. They feed the cells a solution full of necessary nutrients5.  And they provide the cells with light to help them grow. The cells increase in number and grow into a small piece of muscle or meat. However, food and light is not enough. In vitro meat also needs exercise.
  Voice 2
  Imagine a cow. It walks each day in the field. This exercise helps its muscles grow bigger and stronger.  If the cow did not walk, its muscles would become smaller and weaker.  And this cow would provide poor meat.  In the same way, scientists must also exercise in vitro meat to keep it growing.  This exercise will also make it feel and taste like real meat. So, scientists exercise the meat in two ways - by stretching it and shocking6 it with electricity.
  Voice 1
  Right now, the meat that scientists have made is very small. It is only a few centimeters long and one centimeter wide. It is also not the same color as animal meat. Instead, it is grey.  This is because in vitro meat does not need blood to grow.  And blood is what gives meat its color.  But scientists hope to make in vitro meat look more like real meat in the future.
  Voice 2
  The way in vitro meat looks is not its only problem. Right now, it takes a long time for the meat to grow.  And scientists do not know how to make a large amount.  It also costs a lot of money to make in vitro meat. Making enough for one meal would cost $250,000. However, as scientists continue to produce more in vitro meat, they hope cost will go down.  They also hope that someday people will be able to buy it in their local market.
  Voice 1
  Producing in vitro meat has many problems.  However scientists continue to work because in vitro meat would have many advantages.  Michael Specter is a writer for The New Yorker magazine. He told National Public Radio:
  Voice 3
  “We have 7,000,000,000 people on the planet7...Those people need food. They need the healthy substance protein - and they will eat better as they get wealthier. And better, sadly, means more like Americans - a lot of meat. And a lot of meat means a lot of water, a lot of grain, a lot of grass. And we do not have that much room for any of it.”
  Voice 2
  Producing more and more animal meat will negatively affect the environment.  Today, much of the world’s meat is produced on large “factory farms.” These farms raise many, many cows for meat. The cows need a lot of land. Often, there are thousands of cows in a small area of land. It is not a good life for the cows either. They do not get to go into the fields and do not have room to walk around very much. These cows also eat a lot of grain. And it takes a lot of land to grow the grain. Many people believe the earth cannot support such a demand on land.  In vitro meat can help lower the demand on the earth’s resources.
  Voice 1
  The process of raising animals for meat also produces a lot of gases that are damaging to the environment.  In some parts of the world, animal meat travels a long way from the farm to the dinner table. In fact, the transportation process begins even before the animal farm.
  Voice 2
  First, a grain farmer has to harvest and transport grain from his fields. Then, an animal farmer transports the grain to his farm to feed the animals and keep them healthy. Next, a truck driver transports the animals to a slaughter8 house - where the animals are killed. And finally, another truck driver transports the cut meat to the market where people can buy it. Trucks release9 the harmful gas, carbon dioxide, during every step of this long process.  And this creates a lot of problems for the environment.
  Voice 1
  However, animals produce a lot of harmful gas themselves. In fact, cows produce a lot of methane10 - a gas that is even more harmful to the environment than carbon dioxide. Nick Collins is a science writer for the Telegraph11 newspaper. He says:
  Voice 4
  “Moving the production of meat from farms to laboratories12 would also help reduce the huge amount of damaging gases released13 by farm animals. At the same time, laboratories would use 99% less land than farms.”
  Voice 2
  In vitro meat could solve many of the problems of animal meat. But can humans eat this in vitro meat? Scientists do not know if it even tastes like real meat. Because of food research laws, they are not yet able to taste their meat.  But they have hope. They argue that it is real meat and it is just made in a different way.
  Voice 1
  A lot of people are still  worried about in vitro meat. However, it will be years before the meat is ready to sell. Kate Shepard is a writer for Mother Jones magazine. She says,
  Voice 5
  “It will require hard testing before it can be fed to humans. It is still such a new idea that we do not know yet what health concerns it may have. Right now, there are no rules for in vitro meat.”
  Voice 2
  What do you think about in vitro meat? Would you eat this meat? Do you think it is a good idea? You can e-mail us your thoughts at [email protected].
  Voice 1
  The writer of this program was Dianna Anderson. The producer was Robin14 Basselin. The voices you heard were from the United States and the United Kingdom. All quotes were adapted and voiced by Spotlight. You can find our programs on the internet at www.radioenglish.net. This program is called “Laboratory Meat”.
  Voice 2
  We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program. Goodbye.

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 spotlight 6hBzmk     
n.公众注意的中心,聚光灯,探照灯,视听,注意,醒目
参考例句:
  • This week the spotlight is on the world of fashion.本周引人瞩目的是时装界。
  • The spotlight followed her round the stage.聚光灯的光圈随着她在舞台上转。
2 stew 0GTz5     
n.炖汤,焖,烦恼;v.炖汤,焖,忧虑
参考例句:
  • The stew must be boiled up before serving.炖肉必须煮熟才能上桌。
  • There's no need to get in a stew.没有必要烦恼。
3 laboratory P27xd     
n.实验室,化验室
参考例句:
  • She has donated money to establish a laboratory.她捐款成立了一个实验室。
  • Our laboratory equipment isn't perfect,but we must make do.实验室设备是不够理想,但我们只好因陋就简。
4 creation CzExH     
n.创造,创造的作品,产物,宇宙,天地万物
参考例句:
  • Language is the most important mental creation of man.语言是人类头脑最重要的产物。
  • The creation of new playgrounds will benefit the local children.新游戏场的建立将有益于当地的儿童。
5 nutrients 6a1e1ed248a3ac49744c39cc962fb607     
n.(食品或化学品)营养物,营养品( nutrient的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • a lack of essential nutrients 基本营养的缺乏
  • Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. 营养素被吸收进血液。 来自《简明英汉词典》
6 shocking Vitzd5     
adj.令人气愤的;令人震惊的
参考例句:
  • His attitude was shocking to her.他的态度令她感到震惊。
  • Such behaviour is really shocking.这种行为真不像话。
7 planet A26z1     
n.行星
参考例句:
  • Neptune is the furthest planet from the sun. 海王星是离太阳最远的行星。
  • Rubbish, however, is only part of the problem of polluting our planet. 然而, 垃圾只是我们这个星球的污染问题的一个方面。
8 slaughter 8Tpz1     
n.屠杀,屠宰;vt.屠杀,宰杀
参考例句:
  • I couldn't stand to watch them slaughter the cattle.我不忍看他们宰牛。
  • Wholesale slaughter was carried out in the name of progress.大规模的屠杀在维护进步的名义下进行。
9 release iVhxh     
vt.发布,发表,发行;释放,放开
参考例句:
  • After my examination I had a feeling of release.考完试后我有如释重负之感。
  • This medicine will give you release from pain.这药吃后会解除你的疼痛。
10 methane t1Eyx     
n.甲烷,沼气
参考例句:
  • The blast was caused by pockets of methane gas that ignited.爆炸是由数袋甲烷气体着火引起的。
  • Methane may have extraterrestrial significance.甲烷具有星际意义。
11 telegraph ipnwt     
n.电报,电报机;v.打电报,显示
参考例句:
  • A new telegraph line has been set up between the two cities.那两个城市之间架设了一条新的电报线。
  • Telegraph communication was broken off.电讯中断了。
12 laboratories 117aaa088b36e1cc81393b6d3c2087b2     
n.实验室( laboratory的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • For, eight years, Marie Curie worked in cold laboratories with poor equipment. 整整八年,居里夫人在设备简陋、冰冷的实验室里做着实验。 来自英汉非文学 - 科学史
  • Some commercial laboratories use periodic nitrate tests as guides. 许多商业性的试验室已应用定期的硝态氮分析作为指导。 来自辞典例句
13 released 23690fd759f17135ec9879b56ff2600c     
v.释放( release的过去式和过去分词 );放开;发布;发行
参考例句:
  • He was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
  • With hindsight it is easy to say they should not have released him. 事后才说他们本不应该释放他,这倒容易。
14 robin Oj7zme     
n.知更鸟,红襟鸟
参考例句:
  • The robin is the messenger of spring.知更鸟是报春的使者。
  • We knew spring was coming as we had seen a robin.我们看见了一只知更鸟,知道春天要到了。
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