听力文摘：心动过缓

Bradycardia

心动过缓

Don: Ya?l, isn't normal heart rate somewhere between sixty to one hundred beats per minute？

Ya?l,正常人的心跳次数是不是60~100次/分？

Ya?l: That's right, Don. Why?

是啊。有什么问题吗？

D: This would be the one time you don't correct me. My heart rate is only 44 beats per minute. That means I have bradycardia. Oh, Ya?l, I may be dying.

难得有这么一次你没有纠正我。我的心率仅仅是44次/分，我心动过缓！我的天，Ya?l，我很可能就要死啦！

Y: Hold up! Yes, bradycardia is the term for a heart rate slower than about sixty beats per minute, but bradycardia doesn't necessarily mean you're not in perfectly¹ good health. In well-conditioned athletes, bradycardia is a result of being in such good shape that the heart beats more efficiently², and so it doesn't need to beat as quickly.

稳住啦！确实，心动过缓专指心脏跳动次数慢于60次/分。但是，心动过缓并不就是说你不健康。对于那些身体非常健康的运动员们来说，心动过缓的情况非常普遍。之所以会这样是由于他们的心脏能够进行更加高效的跳动，因而，运动员心脏无需跳得有多快。

An athlete may have a heart rate as slow as thirty and not show any signs of problems. Also, deep relaxation³, such as sleep, slows the heart down.

运动员的心率一般会低至30次/分，而他们的身体没有任何问题。同时，在深度放松的情况下，就比如说睡觉，心率会自然而然的降低。

D: Yeah, yeah! Tell me about the bad news.

嗯，那给我讲讲不好的方面。

Y: Well, bradycardia can also be caused by certain medications, by other disorders⁴ such as hyperthyroidism, and by dysfunction of the sinus node. I don't mean the hollow space behind your nose, but the node inside your heart. The sinus node powers your heart by electrical impulses.

额，心动过缓也可能是由特殊的药物治疗、甲状腺机能亢进一类的机体功能紊乱、窦房结（位于右心房外膜上）功能障碍——窦房阻滞等原因引起的。窦房结并不是指你鼻后中空的地方（此处是因sinus的意思为“穴”，谈话者将sinus与node分开来讲），而是指心脏内的一个结点。窦房结通过电脉冲为心脏提供动力。

Dysfunction of the sinus node then can cause the heart to beat too slowly to keep up with your body's need for blood. Lightheadedness, weakness, and fainting are symptoms that a heart may be beating too slowly. In such cases, doctors will remove problem medications, correct the underlying⁶ disorder⁵, or insert a pacemaker that fills in for the sinus node.

窦房结的功能障碍会使心脏跳动过缓，而无法满足身体对血液的需求。心脏如果跳动过缓就可能会出现头晕、身体疲乏、晕厥等症状。如果出现这样的症状，医生会采取一定的药物治疗、调节机体功能，或是为窦房结安装人工心脏起搏器。

If symptomatic bradycardia goes untreated, it could lead to death, but that's easy enough to prevent—just go see your doctor.

由心动过缓引发的症状治疗无效时会导致死亡，但是，这样的情况也相当容易预防——看医生就得嘞！

1 perfectly   

adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said.证人们个个对自己所说的话十分肯定。
• Everything that we're doing is all perfectly above board.我们做的每件事情都是光明正大的。

2 efficiently   

adv.高效率地，有能力地

参考例句：

• The worker oils the machine to operate it more efficiently.工人给机器上油以使机器运转更有效。
• Local authorities have to learn to allocate resources efficiently.地方政府必须学会有效地分配资源。

3 relaxation   

n.松弛，放松；休息；消遣；娱乐

参考例句：

• The minister has consistently opposed any relaxation in the law.部长一向反对法律上的任何放宽。
• She listens to classical music for relaxation.她听古典音乐放松。

4 disorders   

n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 )；凌乱；骚乱；（身心、机能）失调

参考例句：

• Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告，厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 disorder   

n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调

参考例句：

• When returning back,he discovered the room to be in disorder.回家后，他发现屋子里乱七八糟。
• It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder.里面七零八落地装着许多信件。

6 underlying   

adj.在下面的，含蓄的，潜在的

参考例句：

• The underlying theme of the novel is very serious.小说隐含的主题是十分严肃的。
• This word has its underlying meaning.这个单词有它潜在的含义。