听力文摘：购物和蜂鸟

Shopping and Hummingbirds¹

购物和蜂鸟

Did you know, Don, that your shopping habits maybe similar to a hummingbird's?

东,你知道也许你的购物习惯和蜂鸟的相似吗？

Are you going to tell me that hummingbirds are also sold on flash colors and miracle diamonds?

你是想告诉我蜂鸟也钟爱又大又亮的钻石吗？

No. But it turns out that hummingbirds do make shopping decisions as irrational² as those of many humans. You see, supermarkets can get about a third of shoppers to switch from one brand to a second brand by introducing a third brand designed to draw attention to the target brand.

不是，事实上，和人类一样，蜂鸟也会非理性购物。你知道，超市会通过介绍第三品牌来将大约1/3顾客对一种品牌的关注转移到其它目标品牌。

Wait! So when this decoy brand shows up on the shelf, suddenly shoppers find themselves more attracted to a brand they had previouslyignored.

等等！所以 “诱饵”品牌上架了，也许顾客以前忽视某个目标品牌，会变得更关注该品牌。

You got it, and while scientists aren't surprised that humans shop irrationally³, they are surprised to find that hummingbirds shop similarly. Hummingbirds require a lot of energy, and on top of eating quite frequently they prefer flowers containing either sweeter or larger volumes of nectar because they provide more energy. But that didn't stop researchers from luring⁴ the birds toward less choice flowers. Similar to the supermarket strategy, a fake flowerbed was set up in order to divert the hummingbirds' attention from their flowerbed of choice to a previouslyignored bed of flowers that would provide less energy. And it worked. The birds gave up high nectar concentrations for lower ones, all because of the introduction of more options.

就是这样！科学家一点都不惊讶人类的非理性购物，倒是蜂鸟类似的消费习惯让他们大吃一惊。蜂鸟需要补充很多能量，所以在选择食物时，通常会选择花蜜蜜甜多汁的花朵。但是，科学家依然成功地引诱蜂鸟选择平时很少选择的花朵。和超市的策略一样，用假花转移蜂鸟注意力，让蜂鸟选择花床提供更少能量的花朵。蜂鸟果真没有选择花蜜更甜的花朵，反而选择了花蜜更少的，这都归功于多选择性。

Seems like a kind of cool trick you asked me.

真是骗人的鬼把戏。

Not really. This technique could actually prove beneficial in conservation efforts to protect certain species of flowers, making them more attractive to pollinators such as hummingbirds.

可别这样说，这种方法有利于保护一些花种，可以帮助它们吸引比如蜂鸟等的传粉者。

1 hummingbirds   

n.蜂鸟( hummingbird的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Hummingbirds have discovered that nectar and pollen are very nutritious. 蜂鸟发现花蜜和花粉是很有营养的。
• Why do hummingbirds and gorillas both have backbones? 为什么蜂鸟和大猩猩都有脊骨？

2 irrational   

adj.无理性的，失去理性的

参考例句：

• After taking the drug she became completely irrational.她在吸毒后变得完全失去了理性。
• There are also signs of irrational exuberance among some investors.在某些投资者中是存在非理性繁荣的征象的。

3 irrationally   

ad.不理性地

参考例句：

• They reacted irrationally to the challenge of Russian power. 他们对俄军的挑衅做出了很不理智的反应。
• The market is irrationally, right? 市场的走势是不是有点失去了理性？

4 luring   

吸引，引诱（lure的现在分词形式）

参考例句：

• Cheese is very good for luring a mouse into a trap. 奶酪是引诱老鼠上钩的极好的东西。
• Her training warned her of peril and of the wrong, subtle, mysterious, luring. 她的教养警告她：有危险，要出错儿，这是微妙、神秘而又诱人的。