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VOA双语新闻 - 年终报导:全球经济

时间:2011-06-09 07:05来源:互联网 提供网友:wiyto08   字体: [ ]
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    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

  Economists2 are forecasting a rosier3 2010 for global finances than this year has been. But they warn that the economic recovery remains4 fragile and will not be led by the world's advanced industrialized nations.
经济学家们预测,2010年的全球金融状况要好过今年。但是,他们警告说,经济复苏仍然脆弱,而且不会由发达工业化国家引领。
2009 began with a sinking global economy paralyzed by a worldwide credit crunch5, stung by a cascading6 failure of banks and financial institutions, and undermined by panic and pessimism7 on the part of consumers and investors8 from Wall Street to Tokyo. Central banks and governments fought back with massive cash injections, financial rescue packages and stimulus9 programs, but success in containing the crisis was far from assured.
2009年初,全球经济由于信贷紧缩而处于下行状态。银行和金融机构的破产此起彼伏。从华尔街到东京的投资者以及全球消费者都陷入恐慌和悲观。各国央行和政府通过大量注资、金融拯救、以及经济刺激计划等方式对抗经济下行。但遏制危机取得的成功并不确定。
Days before becoming U.S. president, Barack Obama warned of the economic perils10 ahead.
奥巴马总统在就职的前几天针对经济风险发出了警告。
"In short, a bad situation could become dramatically worse," Mr. Obama said.
他说:“简而言之,糟糕的形势可能会变得更加严峻。”
The global economy is expected to show a 1.1 percent drop in output for 2009, following a five percent expansion in 2007 and three percent growth in 2008.
全球经济在2007年增长5%和2008年增长3%后,可能会在今年收缩1.1%。
The past year has seen sharp spikes11 in unemployment, which peaked at 10.2 percent in the United States, 9.8 percent in Europe, 9 percent in Brazil and 5.7 percent in Japan.
过去一年里,全球失业率激增。美国失业率最高时达到10.2%,欧洲达到9.8%,巴西9%,日本5.7%。
But a turnaround is underway, according to U.S. Treasury12 Secretary Timothy Geithner.
但美国财政部长盖特纳认为,转机已经出现。
"The U.S. economy and the world economy are now growing again. Businesses are starting to invest again, consumers are now spending, business and consumer confidence has improved, global trade is now expanding at an encouraging pace," Geithner said.
他说:“美国经济和世界经济现在恢复了增长。企业又开始投资,消费者开始花钱,商业和消费者信心开始改善,全球贸易正在以令人鼓舞的速度扩大。”
But analysts13 warn that perils remain, and badly needed financial reforms in the United States and elsewhere have yet to be implemented14.
但是,分析人士支出,风险仍然存在。美国和其它地方急需进行的金融系统改革尚未实施。
Mark Zandi is Chief Economist1 at Moody's Economy.com.
"You know policymakers have done a lot of good work stabilizing15 the financial system, but they have not changed anything fundamentally. And until they do, the risk of another financial panic in our future is still very high," Zandi said.
“我们知道决策者在稳定金融系统方面做了大量有益工作。但是,他们没有从根本上改变任何事情。在作出这种改变之前,未来发生新一轮金融恐慌的风险仍然非常大。”
Policymakers must also decide when to wind down unprecedented16 levels of government stimulus and financial support. Those measures were deemed necessary in the face of an economic crisis, but can spark inflation if sustained for too long.
决策者们必须决定何时逆转史无前例的政府刺激计划和金融救助。这些措施在经济危机过程中被认为是必要举措。但是如果维持时间过长,则可能引发通胀。
Russian Deputy Prime Minister, Igor Shuvalov:
俄罗斯副总理舒瓦洛夫说:
"I think this year, it would be more about how to live after the crisis. What to do with exit policies and whether all of us carry on with fiscal17 stimulus or when we exit and on what conditions," Shuvalov said.
“我认为,今年我们更多关注的是如何在危机后生活?怎么样施行退出计划?我们是否应该继续推进财政刺激?何时退出?在什么条件下退出?”
The global economic downturn struck advanced industrialized nations particularly hard, providing an opening for rising economic powers like India and China to shine on the world stage, according to World Bank President Robert Zoellick.
世界银行行长佐利克说,全球经济下行对发达工业化国家的打击尤其大。这给印度和中国等新兴经济强国提供了一个在世界舞台上发挥重要作用的机会。
"India is now a rising economic power that handled the recent economic crisis very well. It has contributed to world economic stability and could become the pole [focus] of global economic growth over time," Zoellick said.
佐利克说:“印度现在是崛起的经济强国。印度很好地处理了最近的经济危机。印度对世界经济稳定作出了贡献。假以时日,印度可能会成为全球经济增长的一个重心。”
For many nations, the passing of the financial crisis means attention must be refocused on long-term problems that preceded the global recession. In the United States, massive government debt continues to grow at a time when an aging population is placing ever-greater demands on social welfare programs.
对很多国家来说,金融危机的消退意味着重新关注全球衰退前就已经存在的长期问题。在美国,政府债务持续增加。而与此同时,人口老化进一步加剧了社会福利项目的负担。
In much of the developing world, such as in Kenya, other challenges must be tackled, according to World Bank Vice18 President for Africa Obiageli Ezekwesili.
负责非洲事务的世行副行长奥比亚加利·艾泽克维斯利说,发展中世界的大部分地区,比如说在肯尼亚,还要应对一些其它的挑战。
"In terms of competitiveness in the new global environment, Kenya will have absolutely no choice but to tackle the most important constraint19 to its development. It has been corruption," Ezekwesili said.
他说:“就新的全球环境下的竞争力而言,肯尼亚毫无选择,只能解决束缚其经济发展的最重要因素。也就是腐败。”
Unlike in past economic rebounds20, the United States is not in a position to drive global growth, according to the World Bank's Robert Zoellick.
佐利克说,和以往经济反弹不同,美国现在无力带动全球增长。
"In every past economic crisis, what you have had is the U.S. consumer and the purchasing start the ball rolling again," Zoellick said. "And that consumption leads to increased business demand and investment on the business side. Most economists expect that is not going to be the case, this time."
他说:“在过去的每次经济危机当中,我们看到的是美国消费者开支启动反弹。消费引起商业需求和商业投资的增加。但是这一次,大多数经济学家认为我们不会看到这个场面。”
Instead of advanced industrialized nations leading the way, analysts say global economic growth will likely be powered by rapid expansion in countries like China and India, with contributions also coming from lesser-developed nations.
分析人士说,在发达国家无法成为经济引擎的情况下,增长很可能会由中国和印度等国的快速扩张来带动。一些更不发达的国家也会为增长作出贡献。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 economist AuhzVs     
n.经济学家,经济专家,节俭的人
参考例句:
  • He cast a professional economist's eyes on the problem.他以经济学行家的眼光审视这个问题。
  • He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers.他是个经济学家,自以为什么都懂。
2 economists 2ba0a36f92d9c37ef31cc751bca1a748     
n.经济学家,经济专家( economist的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The sudden rise in share prices has confounded economists. 股价的突然上涨使经济学家大惑不解。
  • Foreign bankers and economists cautiously welcomed the minister's initiative. 外国银行家和经济学家对部长的倡议反应谨慎。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 rosier c5f556af64144e368d0d66bd10521a50     
Rosieresite
参考例句:
  • Rosier for an instant forgot the delicacy of his position. 罗齐尔一时间忘记了他的微妙处境。
  • A meeting had immediately taken place between the Countess and Mr. Rosier. 伯爵夫人和罗齐尔先生已经搭讪上了。
4 remains 1kMzTy     
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
参考例句:
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
5 crunch uOgzM     
n.关键时刻;艰难局面;v.发出碎裂声
参考例句:
  • If it comes to the crunch they'll support us.关键时刻他们是会支持我们的。
  • People who crunch nuts at the movies can be very annoying.看电影时嘎吱作声地嚼干果的人会使人十分讨厌。
6 cascading 45d94545b0f0e2da398740dd24a26bfe     
流注( cascade的现在分词 ); 大量落下; 大量垂悬; 梯流
参考例句:
  • First of all, cascading menus are to be avoided at all costs. 首先,无论如何都要避免使用级联菜单。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
  • Her sounds began cascading gently. 他的声音开始缓缓地低落下来。
7 pessimism r3XzM     
n.悲观者,悲观主义者,厌世者
参考例句:
  • He displayed his usual pessimism.他流露出惯有的悲观。
  • There is the note of pessimism in his writings.他的著作带有悲观色彩。
8 investors dffc64354445b947454450e472276b99     
n.投资者,出资者( investor的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
  • a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会
9 stimulus 3huyO     
n.刺激,刺激物,促进因素,引起兴奋的事物
参考例句:
  • Regard each failure as a stimulus to further efforts.把每次失利看成对进一步努力的激励。
  • Light is a stimulus to growth in plants.光是促进植物生长的一个因素。
10 perils 3c233786f6fe7aad593bf1198cc33cbe     
极大危险( peril的名词复数 ); 危险的事(或环境)
参考例句:
  • The commander bade his men be undaunted in the face of perils. 指挥员命令他的战士要临危不惧。
  • With how many more perils and disasters would he load himself? 他还要再冒多少风险和遭受多少灾难?
11 spikes jhXzrc     
n.穗( spike的名词复数 );跑鞋;(防滑)鞋钉;尖状物v.加烈酒于( spike的第三人称单数 );偷偷地给某人的饮料加入(更多)酒精( 或药物);把尖状物钉入;打乱某人的计划
参考例句:
  • a row of iron spikes on a wall 墙头的一排尖铁
  • There is a row of spikes on top of the prison wall to prevent the prisoners escaping. 监狱墙头装有一排尖钉,以防犯人逃跑。 来自《简明英汉词典》
12 treasury 7GeyP     
n.宝库;国库,金库;文库
参考例句:
  • The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
  • This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。
13 analysts 167ff30c5034ca70abe2d60a6e760448     
分析家,化验员( analyst的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
  • I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。
14 implemented a0211e5272f6fc75ac06e2d62558aff0     
v.实现( implement的过去式和过去分词 );执行;贯彻;使生效
参考例句:
  • This agreement, if not implemented, is a mere scrap of paper. 这个协定如不执行只不过是一纸空文。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • The economy is in danger of collapse unless far-reaching reforms are implemented. 如果不实施影响深远的改革,经济就面临崩溃的危险。 来自辞典例句
15 stabilizing 37789793f41246ac9b11622dadb461ab     
n.稳定化处理[退火]v.(使)稳定, (使)稳固( stabilize的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • The disulfide bridges might then be viewed primarily as stabilizing components. 二硫桥可以被看作是初级的稳定因素。 来自辞典例句
  • These stabilizing design changes are usually not desirable for steady-state operation. 这些增加稳定性的设计改变通常不太符合稳态工作的要求。 来自辞典例句
16 unprecedented 7gSyJ     
adj.无前例的,新奇的
参考例句:
  • The air crash caused an unprecedented number of deaths.这次空难的死亡人数是空前的。
  • A flood of this sort is really unprecedented.这样大的洪水真是十年九不遇。
17 fiscal agbzf     
adj.财政的,会计的,国库的,国库岁入的
参考例句:
  • The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
  • The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。
18 vice NU0zQ     
n.坏事;恶习;[pl.]台钳,老虎钳;adj.副的
参考例句:
  • He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
  • They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。
19 constraint rYnzo     
n.(on)约束,限制;限制(或约束)性的事物
参考例句:
  • The boy felt constraint in her presence.那男孩在她面前感到局促不安。
  • The lack of capital is major constraint on activities in the informal sector.资本短缺也是影响非正规部门生产经营的一个重要制约因素。
20 rebounds 87b0c2d1da6e752183ab26d425c5acd4     
反弹球( rebound的名词复数 ); 回弹球; 抢断篮板球; 复兴
参考例句:
  • V is the velocity after the gas particle rebounds from the wall. V是粒子从壁上弹开后的速度。
  • In the former case, the first body rebounds with practically its original velocity. 在前一种情况下,第一个物体实际上以原来的速度弹回。
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