英伦广角 晒日光浴的老鼠会上瘾

 

You may love to soak up the sun—or the UV rays at the tanning salon¹. But are you actually addicted²?

你可能喜欢晒日光浴，或者喜欢去日光浴沙龙晒紫外线。但是你会真的上瘾吗?

A study finds that mice regularly exposed to UV produced the feel-good opioid β-endorphin, and behaved like addicts³.

一项研究表明老鼠定期暴露在紫外线下会产生类似吸食鸦片般感觉的内啡肽，而且行动起来也像上瘾的一样。

What’s more, when they were given a drug that blocked the opioid effects, they went through the rodent⁴ equivalent of withdrawal⁵: shaky paws and chattering⁶ teeth. The study is in the journal Cell. [Gillian L. Fell et al, Skin β-Endorphin Mediates⁷ Addiction⁸ to UV Light] (To hear an interview with study author David E. Fisher, go to the Cell website.)

而且，当给他们喂食药品来阻止类似鸦片效果的产生时，他们就会经历啮齿类动物戒毒般的感觉：摇摇晃晃的爪子和颤颤抖抖的牙齿。这项研究发表在《细胞》杂志上。

The mice were exposed to UV light roughly on par⁹ with a fair-skinned human soaking up a half-hour of Florida midday sun, five days a week for a month-and-a-half. But it took just one week for the endorphin levels to zoom¹⁰.Mice are normally nocturnal and, of course, covered by fur. But the research team says that the apparent physical reward for UV exposure suggests it’s worth exploring if a similar chemical reaction may be spurring humans to keep running to the beach or tanning bed.

老鼠一个月半每周五天暴露在在紫外线下大致相当于一个白皮肤的人吸收半小时佛罗里达中午的阳光。但是老鼠仅仅花费一周就可以让其脑内啡值急剧上升。老鼠一般是夜间行动，当然它身体还被毛覆盖。然而研究小组却称，这明显的应对紫外线的身体优势表明，这值得探索相同的化学反应是否会激励人类一直奔跑在沙滩上或者一直享受日晒床上的时光。

They also say it’s likely sunblock would protect against these UV-induced addictive¹¹ behaviors. Yet another reason to slather on the sunscreen.—Dina Fine Maron

他们也说这很像防晒霜，可以防范紫外线成瘾行为。这也是人类涂抹防晒霜的另一种原因。

1 salon   

n.[法]沙龙；客厅；营业性的高级服务室

参考例句：

• Do you go to the hairdresser or beauty salon more than twice a week?你每周去美容院或美容沙龙多过两次吗？
• You can hear a lot of dirt at a salon.你在沙龙上会听到很多流言蜚语。

2 addicted   

adj.沉溺于....的，对...上瘾的

参考例句：

• He was addicted to heroin at the age of 17.他17岁的时候对海洛因上了瘾。
• She's become addicted to love stories.她迷上了爱情小说。

3 addicts   

有…瘾的人( addict的名词复数 )； 入迷的人

参考例句：

• a unit for rehabilitating drug addicts 帮助吸毒者恢复正常生活的机构
• There is counseling to help Internet addicts?even online. 有咨询机构帮助网络沉迷者。 来自超越目标英语 第3册

4 rodent   

n.啮齿动物；adj.啮齿目的

参考例句：

• When there is a full moon,this nocturnal rodent is careful to stay in its burrow.月圆之夜，这种夜间活动的啮齿类动物会小心地呆在地洞里不出来。
• This small rodent can scoop out a long,narrow tunnel in a very short time.这种小啮齿动物能在很短的时间里挖出一条又长又窄的地道来。

5 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

6 chattering   

n. （机器振动发出的）咔嗒声，(鸟等)鸣，啁啾 adj. 喋喋不休的，啾啾声的 动词chatter的现在分词形式

参考例句：

• The teacher told the children to stop chattering in class. 老师叫孩子们在课堂上不要叽叽喳喳讲话。
• I was so cold that my teeth were chattering. 我冷得牙齿直打战。

7 mediates   

调停，调解，斡旋( mediate的第三人称单数 )； 居间促成； 影响…的发生； 使…可能发生

参考例句：

• We therefore investigated whether hypercoagulability mediates a beneficial effect during denovo atherogenesis. 因此我们研究了高凝在原位动脉粥样硬化形成中是否介导了有益的作用。
• Not happy when the mood that how mediates oneself? 不开心的时候怎样调解自己的情绪？

8 addiction   

n.上瘾入迷，嗜好

参考例句：

• He stole money from his parents to feed his addiction.他从父母那儿偷钱以满足自己的嗜好。
• Areas of drug dealing are hellholes of addiction,poverty and murder.贩卖毒品的地区往往是吸毒上瘾、贫困和发生谋杀的地方。

9 par   

n.标准，票面价值，平均数量；adj.票面的，平常的，标准的

参考例句：

• Sales of nylon have been below par in recent years.近年来尼龙织品的销售额一直不及以往。
• I don't think his ability is on a par with yours.我认为他的能力不能与你的能力相媲美。

10 zoom   

n.急速上升；v.突然扩大，急速上升

参考例句：

• The airplane's zoom carried it above the clouds.飞机的陡直上升使它飞到云层之上。
• I live near an airport and the zoom of passing planes can be heard night and day.我住在一个飞机场附近，昼夜都能听到飞机飞过的嗡嗡声。

11 addictive   

adj.(吸毒等)使成瘾的，成为习惯的

参考例句：

• The problem with video game is that they're addictive.电子游戏机的问题在于它们会使人上瘾。
• Cigarettes are highly addictive.香烟很容易使人上瘾。