英语诗歌精选 为联邦军阵亡将士而作

For the Union Dead

为联邦军阵亡将士而作

Relinquunt Ommia Servare Rem Publicam.

为共和国效力，他们奉献了一切

The old South Boston Aquarium¹ stands

此刻，古老的南波士顿水族馆站立在

in a Sahara of snow now. Its broken windows are boarded.

雪的撒哈拉沙漠之中。它破败的窗子被木板封住。

The bronze weathervane cod² has lost half its scales.

青铜风标上鳕鱼的鳞片已经剥落一半。

The airy tanks are dry.

空洞的鱼箱那么干燥。

Once my nose crawled like a snail³ on the glass;

我的鼻子曾经像蜗牛在玻璃上爬行；

my hand tingled⁴ to burst the bubbles

手颤抖着刺破泡沫，

drifting from the noses of the crowded, compliant⁵ fish.

那些泡沫在拥挤而顺从的鱼鼻子上漂浮。

My hand draws back. I often sign still

我缩回手。我依然常常为鱼和爬行动物的

for the dark downward and vegetating⁶ kingdom

漆黑、没落而单调的王国

of the fish and reptile⁷. One morning last March,

叹息。去年三月的一个清晨，

I pressed against the new barbed and galvanized

我靠着波士顿公园带刺、

fence on the Boston Common. Behind their cage,

镀锌的新栅栏。在围栏后面，

yellow dinosaur⁸ steamshovels were grunting⁹

黄色恐龙般的蒸汽铲咕噜作响

as they cropped up tons of mush and grass

同时抛出成吨的烂泥和青草

to gouge¹⁰ their underworld garage.

开凿它们的地下车库。

Parking spaces luxuriate like civic¹¹

在波士顿市中心，停车场像民用

sandpiles in the heart of Boston.

沙堆一般滋长。

a girdle of orange, Puritan-pumpkin colored girders

一条橙色的、清教徒南瓜色的桁梁

braces¹² the tingling¹³ Statehouse,

支撑着颤动的议会大厦，

shaking over the excavations¹⁴, as it faces Colonel Shaw

议会大厦因开凿而摇摆，它面对着

and his bell-cheeked Negro infantry¹⁵

圣·戈登斯摇晃的内战浮雕上

on St. Gaudens' shaking Civil War relief,

肖上校和他的铜钟脸颊的黑人团，

propped¹⁶ by a plank¹⁷ splint against the garage's earthquake.

浮雕被一块木夹板撑着以顶住来自车库的地震。

Two months after marching through Boston,

通过波士顿后两个月，

half of the regiment¹⁸ was dead;

黑人团员阵亡一半；

at the dedication¹⁹,

在致词仪式上，

William James could almost hear the bronze Negroes breathe.

威廉·詹姆斯几乎能听见青铜黑人在呼吸。

Their monument sticks like a fishbone

纪念碑如一根鱼刺

in the city's throat.

扎在城市的喉咙。

Its Colonel is a lean

上校那么瘦削

as a compass-needle.

犹如一枚指南针。

He has an angry wrenlike vigilance,

他具有发怒鹪鹩般的警觉，

a greyhound's gentle tautness²⁰;

以及灰狗般温顺的紧张；

he seems to wince²¹ at pleasure,

他似乎要随时退缩，

and suffocate²² for privacy.

因自私而窒息。

He is out of bounds now. He rejoices in man's lovely,

如今他已越出边界。他欣喜于人在选择生死时

peculiar²³ power to choose life and die—

美好而奇特的力量——

when he leads his black soldiers to death,

当他把黑人士兵领向死亡，

he cannot bend his back.

他不能弯曲背脊。

On a thousand small town New England greens

在新英格兰一千座小镇的绿地上

the old white churches hold their air

古老的白色教堂保存着

of sparse²⁴, sincere rebellion; frayed²⁵ flags

微薄而真诚的叛乱气氛；破损的旗帜

quilt the graveyards²⁶ of the Grand Army of the Republic

犹如被子盖住共和国陆海军军人会墓地。

The stone statutes²⁷ of the abstract Union Soldier

抽象的联邦军战士石雕

grow slimmer and younger each year—

逐年变得瘦削而年轻——

wasp-waisted, they doze²⁸ over muskets²⁹

他们细腰如蜂，倚着步枪瞌睡，

and muse³⁰ through their sideburns...

透过落腮胡子沉思。

Shaw's father wanted no monument

肖的父亲需要的不是什么纪念碑

except the ditch,

而是那条战壕，

where his son's body was thrown

他儿子的尸体被扔在那里

and lost with his "niggers."

消失在“黑鬼们”中间。

The ditch is nearer.

战壕在靠近。

There are no statutes for the last war here;

此处没有上次大战的纪念碑；

on Boylston Street, a commercial photograph

在波尔斯顿大街上，一副商业照片

shows Hiroshima boiling

展示着广岛的烟云

over a Mosler Safe, the "Rock of Ages"

下面是一只莫斯勒保险柜，“时代之磐石”

that survived the blast. Space is nearer.

于爆炸中幸存。

when I crouch³¹ to my television set,

当我俯身打开电视，

the drained faces of Negro school-children rise like balloons.

黑人学生干枯的脸如气球飞升。

Colonel Shaw

肖上校

is riding on his bubble,

正骑着他的泡沫，

he waits

等待着

for the blessed break.

幸福的休息。

The Aquarium is gone. Everywhere,

水族馆已经逝去。无论何处，

giant finned³² cars nose forward like fish;

巨大的带鳍的车辆像鱼一样鼻子前伸；

a savage³³ servility

一种野蛮的奴性

slides by on grease.

在油脂上滑过。

1 aquarium   

n.水族馆，养鱼池，玻璃缸

参考例句：

• The first time I saw seals was in an aquarium.我第一次看见海豹是在水族馆里。
• I'm going to the aquarium with my parents this Sunday.这个星期天，我要和父母一起到水族馆去。

2 cod   

n.鳕鱼；v.愚弄；哄骗

参考例句：

• They salt down cod for winter use.他们腌鳕鱼留着冬天吃。
• Cod are found in the North Atlantic and the North Sea.北大西洋和北海有鳕鱼。

3 snail   

n.蜗牛

参考例句：

• Snail is a small plant-eating creature with a soft body.蜗牛是一种软体草食动物。
• Time moved at a snail's pace before the holidays.放假前的时间过得很慢。

4 tingled   

v.有刺痛感( tingle的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• My cheeks tingled with the cold. 我的脸颊冻得有点刺痛。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The crowd tingled with excitement. 群众大为兴奋。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

5 compliant   

adj.服从的，顺从的

参考例句：

• I don't respect people who are too compliant.我看不起那种唯命是从，唯唯诺诺的人。
• For years I had tried to be a compliant and dutiful wife.几年来，我努力做一名顺从和尽职尽职的妻子。

6 vegetating   

v.过单调呆板的生活( vegetate的现在分词 )；植物似地生长；（瘤、疣等）长大

参考例句：

• He spends all his free time at home vegetating in front of the TV. 他一有空闲时间就窝在家里看电视。 来自辞典例句

7 reptile   

n.爬行动物；两栖动物

参考例句：

• The frog is not a true reptile.青蛙并非真正的爬行动物。
• So you should not be surprised to see someone keep a reptile as a pet.所以，你不必惊奇有人养了一只爬行动物作为宠物。

8 dinosaur   

n.恐龙

参考例句：

• Are you trying to tell me that David was attacked by a dinosaur?你是想要告诉我大卫被一支恐龙所攻击？
• He stared at the faithful miniature of the dinosaur.他凝视著精确的恐龙缩小模型。

9 grunting   

咕哝的，呼噜的

参考例句：

• He pulled harder on the rope, grunting with the effort. 他边用力边哼声，使出更大的力气拉绳子。
• Pigs were grunting and squealing in the yard. 猪在院子里哼哼地叫个不停。

10 gouge   

v.凿；挖出；n.半圆凿；凿孔；欺诈

参考例句：

• To make a Halloween lantern,you first have to gouge out the inside of the pumpkin.要做一个万圣节灯笼，你先得挖空这个南瓜。
• In the Middle Ages,a favourite punishment was to gouge out a prisoner's eyes.在中世纪，惩罚犯人最常用的办法是剜眼睛。

11 civic   

adj.城市的，都市的，市民的，公民的

参考例句：

• I feel it is my civic duty to vote.我认为投票选举是我作为公民的义务。
• The civic leaders helped to forward the project.市政府领导者协助促进工程的进展。

12 braces   

n.吊带，背带；托架( brace的名词复数 )；箍子；括弧；（儿童）牙箍v.支住( brace的第三人称单数 )；撑牢；使自己站稳；振作起来

参考例句：

• The table is shaky because the braces are loose. 这张桌子摇摇晃晃，因为支架全松了。
• You don't need braces if you're wearing a belt! 要系腰带，就用不着吊带了。

13 tingling   

v.有刺痛感( tingle的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• My ears are tingling [humming; ringing; singing]. 我耳鸣。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• My tongue is tingling. 舌头发麻。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

14 excavations   

n.挖掘( excavation的名词复数 )；开凿；开凿的洞穴（或山路等）；（发掘出来的）古迹

参考例句：

• The excavations are open to the public. 发掘现场对公众开放。
• This year's excavations may reveal ancient artifacts. 今年的挖掘可能会发现史前古器物。 来自辞典例句

15 infantry   

n.[总称]步兵(部队)

参考例句：

• The infantry were equipped with flame throwers.步兵都装备有喷火器。
• We have less infantry than the enemy.我们的步兵比敌人少。

16 propped   

支撑，支持，维持( prop的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He sat propped up in the bed by pillows. 他靠着枕头坐在床上。
• This fence should be propped up. 这栅栏该用东西支一支。

17 plank   

n.板条，木板，政策要点，政纲条目

参考例句：

• The plank was set against the wall.木板靠着墙壁。
• They intend to win the next election on the plank of developing trade.他们想以发展贸易的纲领来赢得下次选举。

18 regiment   

n.团，多数，管理；v.组织，编成团，统制

参考例句：

• As he hated army life,he decide to desert his regiment.因为他嫌恶军队生活，所以他决心背弃自己所在的那个团。
• They reformed a division into a regiment.他们将一个师整编成为一个团。

19 dedication   

n.奉献，献身，致力，题献，献辞

参考例句：

• We admire her courage,compassion and dedication.我们钦佩她的勇气、爱心和奉献精神。
• Her dedication to her work was admirable.她对工作的奉献精神可钦可佩。

20 tautness   

拉紧，紧固度

参考例句：

• For a string of specified length, tautness and density only certain notes can be generated. 一根确定长度、松紧和密度的弦只能发出某某音。 来自辞典例句

21 wince   

n.畏缩，退避，（因痛苦，苦恼等)面部肌肉抽动；v.畏缩，退缩，退避

参考例句：

• The barb of his wit made us wince.他那锋芒毕露的机智使我们退避三舍。
• His smile soon modified to a wince.他的微笑很快就成了脸部肌肉的抽搐。

22 suffocate   

vt.使窒息，使缺氧，阻碍；vi.窒息，窒息而亡，阻碍发展

参考例句：

• If you shut all the windows,I will suffocate.如果你把窗户全部关起来，我就会闷死。
• The stale air made us suffocate.浑浊的空气使我们感到窒息。

23 peculiar   

adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的

参考例句：

• He walks in a peculiar fashion.他走路的样子很奇特。
• He looked at me with a very peculiar expression.他用一种很奇怪的表情看着我。

24 sparse   

adj.稀疏的，稀稀落落的，薄的

参考例句：

• The teacher's house is in the suburb where the houses are sparse.老师的家在郊区，那里稀稀拉拉有几处房子。
• The sparse vegetation will only feed a small population of animals.稀疏的植物只够喂养少量的动物。

25 frayed   

adj.磨损的v.（使布、绳等）磨损，磨破( fray的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• His shirt was frayed. 他的衬衫穿破了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The argument frayed their nerves. 争辩使他们不快。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

26 graveyards   

墓地( graveyard的名词复数 )； 垃圾场； 废物堆积处； 收容所

参考例句：

• He takes a macabre interest in graveyards. 他那么留意墓地，令人毛骨悚然。
• "And northward there lie, in five graveyards, Calm forever under dewy green grass," 五陵北原上，万古青蒙蒙。 来自英汉 - 翻译样例 - 文学

27 statutes   

成文法( statute的名词复数 )； 法令； 法规； 章程

参考例句：

• The numerous existing statutes are complicated and poorly coordinated. 目前繁多的法令既十分复杂又缺乏快调。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• Each agency is also restricted by the particular statutes governing its activities. 各个机构的行为也受具体法令限制。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

28 doze   

v.打瞌睡；n.打盹，假寐

参考例句：

• He likes to have a doze after lunch.他喜欢午饭后打个盹。
• While the adults doze,the young play.大人们在打瞌睡，而孩子们在玩耍。

29 muskets   

n.火枪，（尤指）滑膛枪( musket的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The watch below, all hands to load muskets. 另一组人都来帮着给枪装火药。 来自英汉文学 - 金银岛
• Deep ditch, single drawbridge, massive stone walls, eight at towers, cannon, muskets, fire and smoke. 深深的壕堑，单吊桥，厚重的石壁，八座巨大的塔楼。大炮、毛瑟枪、火焰与烟雾。 来自英汉文学 - 双城记

30 muse   

n.缪斯（希腊神话中的女神），创作灵感

参考例句：

• His muse had deserted him,and he could no longer write.他已无灵感，不能再写作了。
• Many of the papers muse on the fate of the President.很多报纸都在揣测总统的命运。

31 crouch   

v.蹲伏，蜷缩，低头弯腰；n.蹲伏

参考例句：

• I crouched on the ground.我蹲在地上。
• He crouched down beside him.他在他的旁边蹲下来。

32 finned   

adj.有鳍的，有鳍状物的

参考例句：

• The cylinder head is heavily finned for strength. 汽缸头附有许多突片以增加强度。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• Auth imagines that not all the lobe-finned fish were pleased. 奥斯想象那时并非所有的总鳍鱼在水里都很快活。 来自互联网

33 savage   

adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人

参考例句：

• The poor man received a savage beating from the thugs.那可怜的人遭到暴徒的痛打。
• He has a savage temper.他脾气粗暴。