英语听力：探索发现 科学新发现：我们的大气层-13

 The planet's rotation¹ twists the air as it flows, helping² form the hurricanes that lash³ the coasts. As moist air wells upwards⁴,  clouds become electrically charged and send lightning bolts crushing down to the earth, superheating the air to eighteen thousand degrees. And as the air cools, water wapour condenses into clouds and rain. This water evaporates from the world's oceans. At any moment one thousandth of percent of world's water is being carried in the air, but that tiny percentage adds up to almost three thousand cubic miles of liquid. If the air didn't carry water, the land would be bone dry. 

  Storms do a really important job for the atmosphere. They help reduce the difference in temperature between the poles and equators. And  in the process they actually create  the rain and snow that we depend on.

  One of the most powerful weather systems is a newly discovered set of water channels running through the air. Rhoa's current research focuses on the mysterious rivers in the sky. 

One of the  phenomena⁵ that really influence us is where the water is available for us. Are these regions where water vapour is transported and focused? We have come to recognize that phenomena as an atmospheric⁶ river.

  Atmospheric rivers are narrow channels of hurricane force winds that can stretch for thousands of miles.

1 rotation   

n.旋转；循环，轮流

参考例句：

• Crop rotation helps prevent soil erosion.农作物轮作有助于防止水土流失。
• The workers in this workshop do day and night shifts in weekly rotation.这个车间的工人上白班和上夜班每周轮换一次。

2 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

3 lash   

v.系牢；鞭打；猛烈抨击；n.鞭打；眼睫毛

参考例句：

• He received a lash of her hand on his cheek.他突然被她打了一记耳光。
• With a lash of its tail the tiger leaped at her.老虎把尾巴一甩朝她扑过来。

4 upwards   

adv.向上，在更高处...以上

参考例句：

• The trend of prices is still upwards.物价的趋向是仍在上涨。
• The smoke rose straight upwards.烟一直向上升。

5 phenomena   

n.现象

参考例句：

• Ade couldn't relate the phenomena with any theory he knew.艾德无法用他所知道的任何理论来解释这种现象。
• The object of these experiments was to find the connection,if any,between the two phenomena.这些实验的目的就是探索这两种现象之间的联系，如果存在着任何联系的话。

6 atmospheric   

adj.大气的，空气的；大气层的；大气所引起的

参考例句：

• Sea surface temperatures and atmospheric circulation are strongly coupled.海洋表面温度与大气环流是密切相关的。
• Clouds return radiant energy to the surface primarily via the atmospheric window.云主要通过大气窗区向地表辐射能量。