2016年12月英语六级语法：非谓语动词

 　　对于六级考试来说，除了基本的词汇量之外，基础的语法也是不可或缺的哦！那么，我们一起来学习吧！

　　非谓语动词

　　1)动词不定式——只能接不定式做宾语的动词有：

　　decide, hope, learn, manage(打算), offer, prepare, agree, refuse, fail(未), pretend¹, happen(碰巧), promise, plan(打算，计划)

　　a) 测试作宾语时不定式带补语的结构

　　这种结构的常用动词有：find、think、consider、make等，基本句型是： v. + it + adj + to do

　　[例]Do you consider wise to ignore him

　　A. it is

　　B. it to be

　　C. it as being

　　D. it

　　b) 不定式在svoc句型中的应用

　　解题的关键是记住带不定式作宾语补足语的动词，如：ask、tell、allow、enable、expect、get、require、request、cause、urge、want、force、order等。

　　[例]They don’t allow in the library, but they allow people in the restroom.

　　A. to smoketo smoke B. smokingsmoking C. to smokesmoking D. smokingto smoke

　　c) 不定式作定语的用法

　　(1)与其他非谓语形式或谓语形式的区别

　　[例]The question tomorrow is whether income tax should be increased.

　　A. to be debated

　　B. debates

　　C. debating

　　D. debated

　　(2)介词的使用

　　[例]The boy’s father bought him a large toy train .

　　A. which to play with B. to play with it C. to play with　D. at which to play

　　d) 不定式的时态、语态

　　不定式完成时表示不定式动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，不定式被动语态表示不定式的逻辑主语是其动作的承受者，be soory、be glad、seem或say、find、hear、report等动词的被动语态后加不定式完成时态较为常见。

　　[例1]The new power station is reported within three years.

　　A. to have completed

　　B. to have been　completed

　　C. having been completed

　　D. to complete

　　[例2]Mr. Johnson preferred heavier work to do.

　　A. to be given

　　B. to be giving C. to have given

　　D. having given

　　e) 不定式作状语

　　[例1]The police inspector² spoke³ to the little girl kindlt her.

　　A. not to frighten

　　B. in order to not frighten

　　C. so as not to frighten

　　D. so not as to frighten

　　[例2]He moved away from his parents, and missed　them_____ enjoy the exciting life in New York. A. too much to

　　B. enough to C. very much to

　　D. much so as to

1 pretend   

vt.假装，假托，装扮；vi.假装，装作

参考例句：

• So you don't need to pretend,do you?所以你不必装假了，对吧？
• Many people pretend that they understand modern art.许多人装着自己懂得现代艺术。

2 inspector   

n.检查员，监察员，视察员

参考例句：

• The inspector was interested in everything pertaining to the school.视察员对有关学校的一切都感兴趣。
• The inspector was shining a flashlight onto the tickets.查票员打着手电筒查看车票。

3 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。