实用语法--定语从句

 　　定语从句

　　1. 定语从句的定义：

　　2. 定语从句的关系词：

　　3. 由“介词+关系代词”作介词宾语引导的定语从句：

　　注意点：

　　1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。

　　2)that前不能有介词。

　　3)某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when, where和why互换。

　　This is the house in which I lived two years ago.

　　4)固定搭配的词组，不能把介词提到关系代词前。

　　(正)He has a little son (whom¹/that) he has to look after.

　　(误)He has a little son after whom he has to look.

　　4. 只用关系代词that的情况：补充

　　1)当先行词是all，everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much等不定代词时

　　Is there anything (that) you don't understand?

　　2)先行词被all，every，no，some，any，little，much等修饰时。

　　You can take any seat³ that is free⁴.

　　3)当先行词前面有the only，the very，the last等修饰时。

　　He is the only person⁵ that can help you out.

　　4)当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。

　　This is the second time that you told us the story.

　　This is the best book that I have ever² read.

　　5)先行词同时含有人和物时。

　　We talked about the things and people that we were interested⁶ in.

　　6)当主句是以疑问词who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。

　　Who is the boy that is playing football?

1 whom   

pron.谁（who的宾格）

参考例句：

• That is the man whom I met in Beijing last year.他就是我去年在北京碰见的那个人。
• He married a wife by whom he had two daughters.他娶了妻子并跟她生了两个女儿。

2 ever   

adv.曾经；永远；不断地；在任何时候；究竟

参考例句：

• Have you ever been to hangzhou?你曾经去过杭州吗？
• I will be young and strong and beautiful for ever.我将永远年轻、强壮，永远漂亮。

3 seat   

n.座，座位，位子，席位；所在地；vt.使坐下，使就座，设座于

参考例句：

• Go back to your seat.回到你的坐位去。
• Which seat do you prefer?你更喜欢哪个位置？

4 free   

adj.自由的，免费的；v.使自由；adv.随意地

参考例句：

• I don't have much free time.我没有多少空闲时间。
• There really is no free lunch.天下果然没有免费的午餐。

5 person   

n.人

参考例句：

• I would never trust in that kind of person.我绝不会相信那种人。
• She is the very person I wanted to see.她正是我要见的人。

6 interested   

adj.感兴趣的；拥有权益的；有成见的v.使…感兴趣(interest的过去分词)

参考例句：

• to be interested in wildlife conservation 对野生动物保护感兴趣
• I told him I wasn't interested, but he wasn't deterred. 我已告诉他我不感兴趣，可他却不罢休。