英语常见错误B系列之一

 　　back

　　[误] I'm sorry. I have to back home.

　　[正] I'm sorry. I have to go back home.

　　[正] I'm sorry. I have to go home.

　　[析] back用作“回到(某处)”之意，不是动词。

　　be

　　[误] Where do you from?

　　[正] Where are you from?

　　[析] “你从何处来”应为Where are you from?或Where do you come from? 但要注意这两句话均是问对方从哪个国家来的。要是口语中问“你是从什么地方来?”应讲Where did¹ you come from?回答用I came² from the library.

　　beat³

　　[误] We have won⁴ your class.

　　[正] We have beaten⁵ your class.

　　[正] We have won the game.

　　[析] win是胜过之意，它是及物动词，但其后的宾语只能接比赛、战争、奖品、奖金的名称，如：Which team won the football match? 而beat指打败对手、敌人……如：My brother beat me at poker⁶.(要注意的是，beat的过去式与原形相同，而过去分词为beaten)。

　　[误] The ball beat me badly⁷.

　　[正] The ball hit me badly.

　　[误] He used⁸ to hit the little boy black and blue.

　　[正] He used to beat the little boy black and blue.

　　[析] beat指打击多次，而hit则为击中对方的一次性打击。

　　beautiful

　　[误] He is a beautiful boy.

　　[正] He is a handsome⁹ boy.

　　[析] 我们可以讲She is a beautiful girl. This is a beautiful park. 但要讲男人的"英俊"时要用handsome.

　　because

　　[误] The reason¹⁰ why I was¹¹ late is because I was ill.

　　[正] The reason why I was late is that I was ill.

　　[误] Because it was Sunday, so the park was crowded¹².

　　[正] Because it was Sunday the park was crowded.

　　[析] 这种错误是因为中文的习惯与英语的表述法不同，中文常讲我来晚了的原因是因为我病了，而英文中的第二个因为要用that代替。又因中文常讲因为……所以……，而英文中用了因为就不能再用所以了，同样用了"所以"也就不要再用"因为"一词。例如：Because we study hard, we passed the exam¹³ easily¹⁴. 或者：We study hard so we passed the exam easily.

　　because、because of

　　because后要接从句，例如：We like physics¹⁵ because we can learn a lot of new ideas. 而because of后要接名词作介词宾语，如：He is not at school because of the illness¹⁶.

　　before

　　[误] We have two hours to kill¹⁷ before we will go home.

　　[正] We have two hours to kill before we go home.

　　[析] kill time意为"消磨时光"。

　　英语状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来的动作。如：If it rains we will not go to the park.

　　[误] I did this work two days before.

　　[正] I did this work two days ago.

　　[析] 用ago组成的时间状语其主句中的谓语动词要用过去时，而before引起的时间状语其主句中的谓语动词多用完成时，如：I has done this work a few¹⁸ days before.

　　before long、long before

　　before long是"不久"之意，例如：I shall¹⁹ go to America before long. 而long before则是"很久很久"之意，如：We knew this teacher long before we saw²⁰ him. (我们在看到这位老师之前很久就知道他了。)

1 did   

v.动词do的过去式

参考例句：

• How many goals did you score in the last game?上一场比赛你们进了几个球？
• Why did you choose basketball in the first place?你为何首先选择篮球呢？

2 came   

v.动词come的过去式

参考例句：

• I was surprised why he came here so early.他为什么那么早到这里，我很惊奇。
• The doctor came in time to save his life.医生及时来抢救他的生命。

3 beat   

n.打，敲打声，拍子；v.打，打败

参考例句：

• You can fight him,but can you beat him?你可以打他，但是你能击败他吗？
• The dry grass caught fire, but we beat it out.干草着火了，但我们将它扑灭了。

4 won   

vt.赢得(为win的过去式)

参考例句：

• We won the game in the end.我们最终赢得了比赛。
• We won the football game.我们赢得了足球赛的胜利。

5 beaten   

adj.被打败的；锤薄的；耗损的，常走的；筋疲力尽的v.（心脏等）跳动( beat的过去分词)；击打；（风、雨等）吹打

参考例句：

• They were comprehensively beaten in the final. 他们在决赛中一败涂地。
• She was often beaten by her drunken husband. 她常常遭到酗酒丈夫的毒打。

6 poker   

n.扑克；vt.烙制

参考例句：

• He was cleared out in the poker game.他打扑克牌，把钱都输光了。
• I'm old enough to play poker and do something with it.我打扑克是老手了，可以玩些花样。

7 badly   

adv.非常，严重地；坏地，差地，拙劣地

参考例句：

• I miss you so badly.我非常非常想你。
• We need money badly now.我们现在非常需要钱。

8 used   

adj.用旧了的，旧的；习惯于…；过去惯/经常

参考例句：

• I used to work until nearly 6:00 o'clock each day.我过去常常工作到6:00左右。
• He used to walk anywhere from two to five miles an hour.他过去经常一小时走二至五英里。

9 handsome   

adj.英俊的，大方的，美观的

参考例句：

• He is a handsome man.他是一位美男子。
• She lost her heart to the handsome guy.她爱上了这个漂亮的小伙子。

10 reason   

n.原因，理由，理智，道理；v.劝说，推理

参考例句：

• That is the reason why we must go now.那就是我们现在必须走的理由。
• The reason for the flood was that heavy rain.水灾是那场大雨造成的。

11 was   

v.(is,am的过去式)是，在

参考例句：

• He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
• He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。

12 crowded   

adj.拥挤的，塞满的

参考例句：

• Earth is becoming more and more crowded.地球变得越来越拥挤。
• Guangzhou is a crowded city!广州是个拥挤的城市！

13 exam   

n.(=examination)检查；考试

参考例句：

• I hope to pass this exam.我希望通过这次考试。
• His exam results were good.他的测验成绩不错。

14 easily   

adv.容易地，轻易地，顺利地

参考例句：

• Money that is easily come by is often easily spent.钱来得容易往往也花得容易。
• Let's not take the car,we can easily walk over. 我们不用坐车，走着去很方便。

15 physics   

n.物理学；物理过程

参考例句：

• He is working hard at physics.他在攻读物理学。
• He's very interested in nuclear physics.他对核物理学非常感兴趣。

16 illness   

n.疾病；生病；不健康

参考例句：

• I am sorry to hear of your serious illness.得知你重病，我很难过。
• His illness has taken a turn for the better.他的病有了好转。

17 kill   

vt.杀死，弄死；扼杀，毁掉；使终止；消磨；vi.杀死；被弄死杀，杀伤；猎获物

参考例句：

• Many ants kill the horse.蚁多可杀马。
• She wants to kill me.她想杀了我。

18 few   

adj.很少的，不多的，少数的；int.少数的

参考例句：

• There are few woods in that area.那个地区几乎没有森林。
• I have a few questions.我有些问题要问你。

19 shall   

v.aux.（主要用于第一人称）将

参考例句：

• I shall always love you.我将永远爱你。
• Which club shall we join?我们要参加哪个社团？

20 saw   

vbl.看见(see的过去式)；n.锯；v.用锯子锯

参考例句：

• Would you like to saw a tree for me?你能为我锯棵树吗？
• The moment I saw you,I knew you were angry with me.我一看到你，就知道你在生我的气。