城市居民更易患精神疾病

 城市居民更易患精神疾病

Country-dwellers¹ often say the constant noise, traffic and crowds of the city would drive them mad.

农村居民常常抱怨，城市里没完没了的嘈杂声、繁忙的交通和拥挤的人群能把他们逼疯。

Well, they might be right, according to the latest research.City residents are more likely to develop mental illnesses such as schizophrenia than those who live in rural areas, a study has found.

根据最新研究，他们的说法也许是对的。一项研究发现，城市居民比农村居民更易患上诸如精神分裂症一类的精神疾病。

Researchers from Cardiff University examined the lifestyles of more than 200,000 people in Sweden and found that those who lived in urban areas were more at risk from psychosis than people who lived in villages.

卡迪夫大学的研究人员对20多万瑞典居民的生活方式进行了研究。研究发现，那些生活在城市的居民比农村地区居民患上精神病的可能性更大。

The experts don't know exactly why this is but they suggest that town and city residents are more likely to be ostracised by those around them.They are more likely to experience discrimination if they do not fit in, which can lead to them feeling anxious and even developing mental illnesses.

专家们目前还不知道导致这一现象的确切原因，但他们指出，城镇居民更容易受到周围的人的排斥。如果他们不能融入环境，会更容易遭到歧视，而这会使他们感到焦虑，甚至患上精神疾病。

Dr Stanley Zammit, who lead the research published in the Archives of General Psychiatry², said: 'The clearest geographic³ pattern within this distribution of rates is that urban areas have a higher incidence⁴ of schizophrenia than rural areas.'

斯坦利?尚密特博士是这一研究的领头人，他说：“分布率所呈现出的最清晰的地理格局是，城市地区的精神分裂症发病率要高于农村地区。”该研究发表在《普通精神病学纪要》上。

He also added that people living in towns and cities were more likely to develop other mental illnesses that result in personality changes - a condition known as non-affective psychosis. It is not the first time statistics⁵ have shown that country life is healthier.

他还说，城镇居民更容易患上导致性格变化的其它精神疾病，这种疾病被称为非情感性精神病。这并非头一回有资料表明农村生活更健康。

Earlier this year an official report found that village dwellers lived an average of two years longer than those living in towns and cities.According to figures from the Office of National Statistics, men who live in the country are likely to live for between 78 and 79 years, while those in towns can expect to survive to an age of 76.

今年早些时候，（英国）一份官方报告指出，农村居民的平均寿命要比城镇居民多两年。根据英国国家统计局的数据，生活在农村地区的男性人口预期寿命为78至79岁，而生活在城市地区的男性的预期寿命仅为76岁。

Women on average survive to their 81st birthday in towns, but live to between 82 and 83 in the country.The small market town of Wimborne Minster in rural Dorset was named the healthiest place to live.

城市女性的预期寿命为81岁，而农村女性的预期寿命则达到82岁至83岁。位于英国乡村地区多塞特郡的温伯恩明斯特小集镇被称为是最健康的居住地。

1 dwellers   

n.居民，居住者( dweller的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City dwellers think country folk have provincial attitudes. 城里人以为乡下人思想迂腐。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• They have transformed themselves into permanent city dwellers. 他们已成为永久的城市居民。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 psychiatry   

n.精神病学，精神病疗法

参考例句：

• The study appeared in the Amercian science Journal of Psychiatry.这个研究发表在美国精神病学的杂志上。
• A physician is someone who specializes in psychiatry.精神病专家是专门从事精神病治疗的人。

3 geographic   

adj.地理学的，地理的

参考例句：

• The city's success owes much to its geographic position. 这座城市的成功很大程度上归功于它的地理位置。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Environmental problems pay no heed to these geographic lines. 环境问题并不理会这些地理界限。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

4 incidence   

n.发生，影响；入射

参考例句：

• The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.入射角等于反射角。
• The incidence of this disease has dropped considerably in the past few years.近几年这种病的发病率大大降低了。

5 statistics   

n.统计，统计数字，统计学

参考例句：

• We have statistics for the last year.我们有去年的统计资料。
• Statistics is taught in many colleges.许多大学都教授统计学。