美国文化生活十日谈（一）

    美国文化生活十日谈（一）
    生活在美国（一） 无所不在的快餐点随着美国人生活节奏的加快，快餐食品便应运而生．其快餐连锁店遍及世界各地，其中影响最大的当属麦当劳快餐连锁店．供应的快餐食品有：汉堡包、烤牛肉、牛排、火腿、三明治、肯德鸡、油炸土豆片、烘馅饼、冰淇淋以及各种碳酸饮料等．Fast Food 快餐食品Fast－food chains，American－style， are currently on the increase all over the world．Most of these places work on a similar principle． There is a long counter ， above which is displayed a list（often with pictures） of the items available， and behind which several people（often students working for the minimum wage）are serving． Individual queues form in front of each assistant ．You receive what you order more or less immediately and take it on a tray to a table， picking up thing like straws（吸管）， peper， salt， ketchup¹（蕃茄酱），pickles（泡菜）and napkins（usually paper napkins） on the way．If you can’t see any knives and forks ， this means you are supposed to eat with your hands．If you can’t see any straws， that’s because they are hiding in the straw dispenser（分配器） that you have to fiddle（拨弄） with the bottom of it to get a straw（one at a time）to emerge．When you’ve finished， you yourself throw away everything except the tray．Many fast－food places have drive－in facilities．You place your order from your car via（通过） a microphone and then drive round to a special window to pay and pick it up ．You may even encounter places where a waitress bring your meal out， and you sit and eat it in the car from a tray hooked over the door through the open window．You may be asked if your order is “for here”or “to go ”（i．e．to take away）．In some states there is no sales tax on food consumed．Types of Fast Food Restaurants 快餐店的种类The most widespread type of fast－food restaurant is that serving hamburgers， such as the chains of MacDonald．All the different chains have their own specialties² ．Arby’s restaurants serve large roast beef， ham and cheese， and turkey（火鸡） “sandwiches”． Some restaurant chains specialize in serving steaks quickly and cheaply． And then there’s Kntucky Fried Chicken．Chips 油炸土豆片Chips in America are called “French fries”or “fries ”for short．（Note that in the USA “chips” mean crisps）．“French fries”are normally thinner than chips．Americans generally put ketchup on their chips ，and you will not normally find vinegar（醋）．Pizzas（意大利式）烘焰饼There are many specialty³ pizza restaurants in America， and many of them take telephone orders and deliver pizzas to your home， which can often be convenient．They come in different sizes， and a large one can be big enough for a party of four people．If you want to share a pizza but can’t agree on the ingredients ， it is possible to order two different sets of toppings ，one set on each half．Ice－Cream 冰淇淋Shops selling large number of different flavors of ice－cream are very common in America． If you are not sure what flavor you want ，generally you can sample a small spoonful of a particular flavor to see if you like it． You can either have your ice－cream in a “plain cone”（普通型锥形物） or in a “sugar cone”（甜脆型锥形物）．Soft Drinks 软饮料Fast－food restaurants do not serve alcohol．The soft drinks most often sold are Coca－Cola and Pepsi——Cola， plus fizzy drinks （which are like leminade）and root beer（which is like cough medicine）．Fizzy drinks are known as “carbonated beverages”（碳酸饮料） or ，more colloquially，“soda”，“pop”，“soda pop”，and “soft drinks”．All these drinks come wiht lost of ice． In fact， you will probably find as much ice as drink in your drink．If you ask for a soft drink without ice， they will think you are funny but will probably oblige．（They may charge you a bit extra， for ice is cheaper than Coke．）

1 ketchup   

n.蕃茄酱，蕃茄沙司

参考例句：

• There's a spot of ketchup on the tablecloth.桌布上有一点番茄酱的渍斑。
• Could I have some ketchup and napkins,please?请给我一些番茄酱和纸手巾？

2 specialties   

n.专门，特性，特别；专业( specialty的名词复数 )；特性；特制品；盖印的契约

参考例句：

• Great Books are popular, not pedantic. They are not written by specialists about specialties for specialists. 名著绝不引经据典，艰深难懂，而是通俗易读。它们不是专家为专业人员撰写的专业书籍。 来自英汉 - 翻译样例 - 文学
• Brain drains may represent a substantial reduction in some labor force skills and specialties. 智力外流可能表示某种劳动力技能和特长大量减少。 来自辞典例句

3 specialty   

n.(speciality)特性，特质；专业，专长

参考例句：

• Shell carvings are a specialty of the town.贝雕是该城的特产。
• His specialty is English literature.他的专业是英国文学。