眼神透露出的10个信息

 　There is a reason why eyes are often called “windows of the soul”. While we can choose our words and control certain facial expressions, our eyes never lie. They portray¹ our thoughts, reflect the lightest shades of emotions, express interest, boredom², surprise, approval, or disbelief. Without words ever being spoken, our eyes have the power to attract, to judge, to frighten and to caress³. You have probably witnessed yourself how often a parent can hush⁴ playful children just by giving them ‘the look’. Or how a young couple can flirt⁵ with each other across the table without ever saying a single word.

　　人们通常将眼睛称为“心灵的窗户”，这不是没有道理的。尽管我们可以选择话语、控制某些面部表情，但是我们的眼睛绝不会说谎。它们透露了我们的想 法，反映了我们情绪中最细微的差别，表达了我们的兴趣、厌倦、惊奇、同意或是不信任。即便不说一句话，我们的眼睛也具有吸引、判断、恐吓和爱抚的能力。你 大概亲眼目睹过家长经常只是通过一个“眼神”就让顽皮的孩子安静下来，或者一对年轻的恋人隔桌相望，不说只字片语却互送秋波。

　　The language of our eyes is one of the most powerful and effective tools of non-verbal communication. And many times our success at a job interview, during business negotiations⁶ or on a first date depends on our ability to convey the right messages with our eyes. This is why it is so important to learn how to read the body language of the eyes and interpret it correctly. Here are the 10 Most Important Eye Expressions that we witness every day:

　　眼睛所透露的语言是最强有力、有效的非语言交流工具之一。许多时候，我们在求职面试、商业洽谈或者初次约会中的成功，取决于我们用眼睛传达正确信息的能力。这就是为什么学会如何解读眼神、正确理解它是如此重要了。以下是我们每天都亲眼所见的10种最重要的眼神：

　　1. Smiling eyes.

　　微笑的眼神。

　　Psychologists have long noticed that a sincere smile starts with our eyes. When we are genuinely happy the skin around the corners of our eyes crinkles, while a ‘socially polite’ inauthentic smile touches only our lips. Have you ever been in a situation when a shop assistant smiled at you, offering help and you immediately got the feeling that they were just trying to sell you something? Well, now you know why. The smile you had been given was not in the eyes.

　　心理学家经过长期的观察发现，一个真诚的微笑是从眼睛开始的。当我们由衷地高兴时，我们眼角的皮肤会皱起来，但是“在社交场合上礼貌的”微笑则是假笑，只涉及唇部的活动。你是否曾遇到过这样的情景：当一位店员微笑着向你提供服务时，你立刻感觉到他/她只不过是试图向你卖东西？好了，现在你知道原因了。你所感受的微笑并不是从眼睛里发出的。

　　2. Shy eyes.

　　羞涩的眼神。

　　People who avoid eye contact during a conversation are often perceived as insincere, deceptive⁷ and untrustworthy. Practice shows that this is not always the case.

　　在交谈中躲避目光接触的人常被视为不真诚、虚伪、不值得信赖。实践表明情况并非总是如此。

　　As strange as it may seem, a clear sign that someone is being being dishonest is greater eye contact, not a lack thereof (as a liar⁸ knows we are looking for signs of deception⁹ and purposely prolongs eye contact). What does little or no eye contact mean then? Anything from shyness, to nervousness, to boredom.

　　有一点似乎挺奇怪，有明显的迹象表明不诚实的人目光接触更多，而不是缺乏目光接触（就像一个说谎的人知道我们正找寻他欺骗的迹象，从而故意延长目光接触的时间）。那么没多少目光接触或者根本就没有意味着什么呢？害羞、紧张、无聊，这些都有可能。

　　3. Friendly eyes.

　　友好的眼神。

　　Looking a person straight in the eyes while carrying on a conversation sends a few clear messages to your interlocutor: you are comfortable in their company; you are relaxed and confident; you are paying attention to the conversation. This is why so many public speaking experts and motivational coaches advice maintaining eye contact with your interlocutors to make a positive first impression.

　　在交谈时直视对方会对你的谈话者传递几个明显的信息：你和他/她在一起很舒服；你很放松且有自信；你在交谈时集中精力。这就是为什么那么多的演说家和激励学生的教练会建议你对交谈者保持目光接触从而留下积极的第一印象。

　　4. ‘Shut’ eyes.

　　“闭”眼。

　　Covering the eyes, shielding the eyes, lowering the eyelids¹⁰ for a long period of time is a hard-wired unconscious attempt to block out something that we do not want to hear. For example, a man who is asked to work on the weekend may cover his eyes with his fingers rubbing them as he answers, “No problem”. What his gestures are portraying¹¹, though, is how he really feels about the prospective¹² of spending his weekend at the office – he is not happy about it at all.

　　长时间闭眼、遮眼和耷拉眼皮是在潜意识地试图阻挡我们不想听到的事情。例如，一个被要求在周末上班的人可能会闭上眼睛，边揉眼睛边回答“没问题”。但是他的姿态所表现的就是，他一想到要在办公室度过周末的真实感受——他对此一点儿也不开心。

　　5. Blinking eyes.

　　眨眼。

　　Psychologists and body language experts have noticed that when we are nervous or troubled about something our blink rate goes up. Often such behavior is seen with liars¹³. Although, it takes more than increased blinking rate to accuse someone of lying as the same reaction is often seen with people under stress.

　　心理学家和肢体语言专家已经注意到，当我们紧张或是被某事所困扰的时候，我们眨眼的频率会上升。通常这种行为常见于说谎的人。然而，不要只因为眨眼频率增加而指责某人说谎，因为有压力的人也常常会有同样的反应。

　　6. Drooping¹⁴ eyes.

　　垂眼。

　　Have you ever talked to someone and got the impression that the person was not listening to you? That is because you saw a lack of eye blinking or what we call a ‘blank stare’ on the person’s face. Another not so obvious signal of boredom is a covert¹⁵ glance up and to the right. If you notice this body language of the eyes in someone you are talking to, accompanied by repetitive finger or foot tapping, yawning, and glancing at their watch take it as a sign to change the topic of conversation to something more stimulating¹⁶.

　　你是否曾在跟某人说话的时候感觉他并没有在听你说话？那是因为你看到对方不怎么眨眼或者我们所说的他在“茫然地盯着看”。另一个表现出无聊的一个 不怎么明显的信号就是偷偷摸摸地瞥一眼然后看着右边。如果你在听你说话的人身上发现了这种眼神，而且还伴随着重复地敲手指或顿足、打哈欠、看表等动作，那 么你就应该知道要改变一下话题，让它更令人兴奋一些。

　　7. Calculating eyes.

　　算计的眼神。

　　Eyes that move from side to side or look down are often an indicator¹⁷ that a person is processing information. As it turns out, it is much harder for us to maintain eye contact, while making calculations, because in this case our cognitive¹⁸ energy is divided between perceiving our surroundings and making the calculations. This habit of looking down or to the side when considering the right way to answer can backfire at a job interview as it is often erroneously interpreted as insincerity and a desire to hide something, so be careful not to glance away too much when talking!

　　眼睛左右移动或者向下看通常表明一个人正在处理信息。人们发现，当我们进行计算时更难保持目光接触，因为在这种情况下我们的认知精力被察觉周围环境和进行计算分散开了。在思考正确的回答方式时向下或向旁边看的习惯可能会在求职面试中产生事与愿违的结果，因为这常被错误地理解为没诚意和渴望掩盖某 事，因此在交谈时要注意不要总是往别处看。

　　8. Squinting¹⁹ eyes

　　眯眼。

　　Squinting or narrowing the eye orbits indicates with great accuracy discomfort²⁰, stress, evaluation²¹ and even anger. If you get squinted²² eye expression right after you say something, it could probably mean that the person doubts your words, disagrees with you or does not fully²³ get their meaning. Therefore, it helps to clarify what is bothering your interlocutor before a small misconception turns into a heated argument.

　　眯眼或者收缩眼眶准确显示出了不安、压力、评判、甚至是愤怒。如果在你说了某事后得到眯眼的表情，那大概就意味着那个人怀疑你说的话，不同意你的观点或者没有充分理解其中的意思。因此，这有助于你在一个小小的误解演变成激烈的争吵之前就认清对话者的困惑。

　　9. Interested eyes.

　　兴致勃勃的眼神。

　　In 1975 a distinguished²⁴ psychologists Eckhard Hess found that the pupil dilates²⁶ (increase in size) when we are interested in the person we are talking to or the object we are looking at. However, when interpreting this indicator, you must also take in to consideration the illumination of the room, as in darker surroundings our pupils will naturally dilate²⁵ to let in more light.

　　1975年，一位著名的心理学家埃克哈特-赫斯发现，当我们面对与我们交谈的人或者我们正在看的物品感兴趣时，瞳孔就会扩散。然而，在说明这种迹象时，你必须也把房间的照明情况考虑进去，因为在昏暗的环境中我们的瞳孔会自然而然地扩散，让更多的光进来。

　　10. Glowing eyes.

　　闪耀的眼神。

　　They say that when someone is happy, their eyes glow, while when the person is sad or depressed²⁷ the glow of “light” in the eyes tends to fad²⁸ from sight. Well, this is not just our perception. There is substantial research indicating that when our mood changes, the glow in the eyes changes as well. How to make your eyes glow with happiness and joy? Unfortunately, there is no other way then to become happier and learning to appreciate the small pleasures that life gives us daily!

　　人们说当一个人高兴的时候，他的眼睛会发光，而当他难过沮丧的时候，眼睛中的那一缕“光”就渐渐消失了。好了，这不仅仅是我们的感觉。有大量的研究表明，当我们的情绪有所改变的时候，眼睛里的光也会发生改变。如何让你的眼中焕发幸福喜悦的光芒呢？遗憾的是，没有其他的方法可以让我们变得更快乐，让 我们学会感激生活每天给予我们的点滴欢乐吧！

1 portray   

v.描写，描述；画(人物、景象等)

参考例句：

• It is difficult to portray feelings in words.感情很难用言语来描写。
• Can you portray the best and worst aspects of this job?您能描述一下这份工作最好与最坏的方面吗？

2 boredom   

n.厌烦，厌倦，乏味，无聊

参考例句：

• Unemployment can drive you mad with boredom.失业会让你无聊得发疯。
• A walkman can relieve the boredom of running.跑步时带着随身听就不那么乏味了。

3 caress   

vt./n.爱抚，抚摸

参考例句：

• She gave the child a loving caress.她疼爱地抚摸着孩子。
• She feasted on the caress of the hot spring.她尽情享受着温泉的抚爱。

4 hush   

int.嘘，别出声；n.沉默，静寂；v.使安静

参考例句：

• A hush fell over the onlookers.旁观者们突然静了下来。
• Do hush up the scandal!不要把这丑事声张出去！

5 flirt   

v.调情，挑逗，调戏；n.调情者，卖俏者

参考例句：

• He used to flirt with every girl he met.过去他总是看到一个姑娘便跟她调情。
• He watched the stranger flirt with his girlfriend and got fighting mad.看着那个陌生人和他女朋友调情，他都要抓狂了。

6 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

7 deceptive   

adj.骗人的，造成假象的，靠不住的

参考例句：

• His appearance was deceptive.他的外表带有欺骗性。
• The storyline is deceptively simple.故事情节看似简单，其实不然。

8 liar   

n.说谎的人

参考例句：

• I know you for a thief and a liar!我算认识你了，一个又偷又骗的家伙！
• She was wrongly labelled a liar.她被错误地扣上说谎者的帽子。

9 deception   

n.欺骗，欺诈；骗局，诡计

参考例句：

• He admitted conspiring to obtain property by deception.他承认曾与人合谋骗取财产。
• He was jailed for two years for fraud and deception.他因为诈骗和欺诈入狱服刑两年。

10 eyelids   

n.眼睑( eyelid的名词复数 )；眼睛也不眨一下；不露声色；面不改色

参考例句：

• She was so tired, her eyelids were beginning to droop. 她太疲倦了，眼睑开始往下垂。
• Her eyelids drooped as if she were on the verge of sleep. 她眼睑低垂好像快要睡着的样子。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 portraying   

v.画像( portray的现在分词 )；描述；描绘；描画

参考例句：

• The artist has succeeded in portraying my father to the life. 那位画家把我的父亲画得惟妙惟肖。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Ding Ling was good at portraying figures through careful and refined description of human psychology. 《莎菲女士的日记》是丁玲的成名作，曾引起强烈的社会反响。 来自汉英文学 - 中国现代小说

12 prospective   

adj.预期的，未来的，前瞻性的

参考例句：

• The story should act as a warning to other prospective buyers.这篇报道应该对其他潜在的购买者起到警示作用。
• They have all these great activities for prospective freshmen.这会举办各种各样的活动来招待未来的新人。

13 liars   

说谎者( liar的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The greatest liars talk most of themselves. 最爱自吹自擂的人是最大的说谎者。
• Honest boys despise lies and liars. 诚实的孩子鄙视谎言和说谎者。

14 drooping   

adj. 下垂的，无力的 动词droop的现在分词

参考例句：

• The drooping willows are waving gently in the morning breeze. 晨风中垂柳袅袅。
• The branches of the drooping willows were swaying lightly. 垂柳轻飘飘地摆动。

15 covert   

adj.隐藏的；暗地里的

参考例句：

• We should learn to fight with enemy in an overt and covert way.我们应学会同敌人做公开和隐蔽的斗争。
• The army carried out covert surveillance of the building for several months.军队对这座建筑物进行了数月的秘密监视。

16 stimulating   

adj.有启发性的，能激发人思考的

参考例句：

• shower gel containing plant extracts that have a stimulating effect on the skin 含有对皮肤有益的植物精华的沐浴凝胶
• This is a drug for stimulating nerves. 这是一种兴奋剂。

17 indicator   

n.指标；指示物，指示者；指示器

参考例句：

• Gold prices are often seen as an indicator of inflation.黃金价格常常被看作是通货膨胀的指标。
• His left-hand indicator is flashing.他左手边的转向灯正在闪亮。

18 cognitive   

adj.认知的，认识的，有感知的

参考例句：

• As children grow older,their cognitive processes become sharper.孩子们越长越大，他们的认知过程变得更为敏锐。
• The cognitive psychologist is like the tinker who wants to know how a clock works.认知心理学者倒很像一个需要通晓钟表如何运转的钟表修理匠。

19 squinting   

斜视( squint的现在分词 )； 眯着眼睛； 瞟； 从小孔或缝隙里看

参考例句：

• "More company," he said, squinting in the sun. "那边来人了，"他在阳光中眨巴着眼睛说。
• Squinting against the morning sun, Faulcon examined the boy carefully. 对着早晨的太阳斜起眼睛，富尔康仔细地打量着那个年轻人。

20 discomfort   

n.不舒服，不安，难过，困难，不方便

参考例句：

• One has to bear a little discomfort while travelling.旅行中总要忍受一点不便。
• She turned red with discomfort when the teacher spoke.老师讲话时她不好意思地红着脸。

21 evaluation   

n.估价，评价；赋值

参考例句：

• I attempted an honest evaluation of my own life.我试图如实地评价我自己的一生。
• The new scheme is still under evaluation.新方案还在评估阶段。

22 squinted   

斜视( squint的过去式和过去分词 )； 眯着眼睛； 瞟； 从小孔或缝隙里看

参考例句：

• Pulling his rifle to his shoulder he squinted along the barrel. 他把枪顶肩，眯起眼睛瞄准。
• I squinted through the keyhole. 我从锁眼窥看。

23 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

24 distinguished   

adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的

参考例句：

• Elephants are distinguished from other animals by their long noses.大象以其长长的鼻子显示出与其他动物的不同。
• A banquet was given in honor of the distinguished guests.宴会是为了向贵宾们致敬而举行的。

25 dilate   

vt.使膨胀，使扩大

参考例句：

• At night,the pupils dilate to allow in more light.到了晚上，瞳孔就会扩大以接收更多光线。
• Exercise dilates blood vessels on the surface of the brain.运动会使大脑表层的血管扩张。

26 dilates   

v.（使某物）扩大，膨胀，张大( dilate的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Gas dilates the balloon. 气体使汽球膨胀。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• Exercise dilates blood vessels on the surface of the brain. 运动会使大脑表层的血管扩张。 来自辞典例句

27 depressed   

adj.沮丧的，抑郁的，不景气的，萧条的

参考例句：

• When he was depressed,he felt utterly divorced from reality.他心情沮丧时就感到完全脱离了现实。
• His mother was depressed by the sad news.这个坏消息使他的母亲意志消沉。

28 fad   

n.时尚；一时流行的狂热；一时的爱好

参考例句：

• His interest in photography is only a passing fad.他对摄影的兴趣只是一时的爱好罢了。
• A hot business opportunity is based on a long-term trend not a short-lived fad.一个热门的商机指的是长期的趋势而非一时的流行。