新东方考研词汇辨析 26

amendment¹ n.改善, 改正
解析：The 19th Amendment to the Constitution gave women the right to vote.
宪法的第十九条修正案赋予了妇女的选举权。
present an amendment提出修正案
submit an amendment提出修正案
wrecking amendment大修正案(旨在把原议案全部推翻)

aware adj.知道的, 明白的, 意识到的
解析：【同】aware, conscious, sensible, awake, alert, watchful², vigilant³
aware 暗示来自知觉的信息,可以是别人的态度,也可以是通过某种方法
Are you aware of your opponent's hostility⁴? 你意识到了对手的敌意吗？
conscious强调某种感知到或感觉到的认识,sci表示人的心智或智力,如science：
An importance… of which even Americans are barely conscious. “一种甚至连美国人也几乎没有认识到的重要性。”
sensible指通过感性知觉或通过直觉得到的认识：
I am sensible that the mention of such a circumstance may appear trifling⁵.
我觉得对这种细节的谈论是无聊的。
awake是对某件事有充分的意识：
As much awake to the novelty of attention in that quarter as Elizabeth herself.
在那一季对引人注意的新奇事物的感知象伊丽莎白自己一样多。
alert强调认识及反应的快捷性：
alert enough to spot the opportunity when it came当机会到来的时候充分认识到并攫住它
watchful,vigilant指注意那些危险的或有潜在危险的事物：
a watchful parent with a toddler in tow 一个注意照看蹒跚学步的小孩儿的家长
keeping a vigilant eye on every building where a fire might start注意每一座可能发生火灾的大楼

capacity n.容量, 生产量, 容量, 智能, 才能, 能力, 接受力
解析：at full capacity以全(部)力(量), 满功率, 满负载
be filled to capacity客满; 挤得满满的
be packed to capacity客满; 挤得满满的
in one's capacity as(=in the capacity of)作为...; 以...资格(身分、职位)
to capacity达最大限度、满负载
capacity for...的能力
capacity of...的能力
capacity to do...的能力
capacity to...的能力

challenge n.挑战 vt.向..挑战
解析：a career that offers a challenge大有作为的事业
I challenged him to a game of chess.我要他与我下棋。
issue the challenge发出挑战
meet the challenge完成任务
offer the challenge提出任务
challenge sb. to a duel向某人要求决斗

clause n.子句,条款
解析：an execution clause执行条款
saving clause附言

compounds n.混合物adj.混合的v.混合,配合
解析：注意常用复数
compound interest 复利
compound a medicine配药
compound with sb.与…某人和解

conflict n.斗争,冲突,vi.抵触,冲突
解析：【同】 contest, combat, fight
【辨析】conflict 既可指敌对双方的斗争,也可指内部的某些矛盾。如：
internal conflict内部矛盾
contest 既指友谊性的竞赛,也指为争夺某物的带敌意的争斗。如：
an archery contest 射箭比赛
combat 多指格斗。如：
armed for combat准备格斗
fight常指个人或象征性的冲突,也可指与逆境的抗争。如：
the fight against fate 与命运抗争

consultation⁶ n.请教,咨询,磋商,会诊
解析：注意与insult 的区别
in consultation with与…磋商

contact n.接触,联系 vt.接触,联系
解析：be in (out of) contact with与…有(没有)联系
bring into (throw in) contact with使…与联系
come into (in) contact with与…发生联系
have contact with与…联系
lose contact with失去与…的联系
make contact with和…接触联系

1 amendment   

n.改正，修正，改善，修正案

参考例句：

• The amendment was rejected by 207 voters to 143.这项修正案以207票对143票被否决。
• The Opposition has tabled an amendment to the bill.反对党已经就该议案提交了一项修正条款。

2 watchful   

adj.注意的，警惕的

参考例句：

• The children played under the watchful eye of their father.孩子们在父亲的小心照看下玩耍。
• It is important that health organizations remain watchful.卫生组织保持警惕是极为重要的。

3 vigilant   

adj.警觉的，警戒的，警惕的

参考例句：

• He has to learn how to remain vigilant through these long nights.他得学会如何在这漫长的黑夜里保持警觉。
• The dog kept a vigilant guard over the house.这只狗警醒地守护着这所房屋。

4 hostility   

n.敌对，敌意；抵制［pl.］交战，战争

参考例句：

• There is open hostility between the two leaders.两位领导人表现出公开的敌意。
• His hostility to your plan is well known.他对你的计划所持的敌意是众所周知的。

5 trifling   

adj.微不足道的；没什么价值的

参考例句：

• They quarreled over a trifling matter.他们为这种微不足道的事情争吵。
• So far Europe has no doubt, gained a real conveniency,though surely a very trifling one.直到现在为止,欧洲无疑地已经获得了实在的便利，不过那确是一种微不足道的便利。

6 consultation   

n.咨询；商量；商议；会议

参考例句：

• The company has promised wide consultation on its expansion plans.该公司允诺就其扩展计划广泛征求意见。
• The scheme was developed in close consultation with the local community.该计划是在同当地社区密切磋商中逐渐形成的。