延续动词与瞬间动词

 　　1) 用于完成时的区别

　　延续动词表示经验、经历； 瞬间动词表示行为的结 果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。

　　He has completed¹ the work.　　他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果)

　　I've known² him since³ then.　　我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)

　　2)用于till / until⁴从句的差异

　　延续动词用于肯定句，表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句，表示"到……，才……"

　　He didn't come back until ten o'clock.

　　他到10 点才回来。

　　He slept until ten o'clock.

　　他一直睡到10点。

　　典型例题

　　1. You don't need to describe⁵ her. I ___ her several⁶ times.

　　A. had⁷ met　B. have met　 C. met　D. meet

　　答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响，我知道她的模样，你不用描述。再次，several times告知为反复发生的动作，因此用现在完成时。

　　2.---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.

　　---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few⁸ minutes.

　　A. have been　 B. had been　 C. was⁹　D. will be

　　答案A. 等待的动作由过去开始，持续到现在，应用现在完成时。

1 completed   

adj. 已完成的

参考例句：

• I completed the test within the time allotted . 我在限定的时间内完成了试验。
• Please return the completed form with your remittance. 请将填好的表格连同汇款寄回。

2 known   

adj.大家知道的；知名的，已知的

参考例句：

• He is a known artist.他是一个知名的艺术家。
• He is known both as a painter and as a statesman.他是知名的画家及政治家。

3 since   

adv.后来；conj.既然，因为，自从；prep.自从

参考例句：

• He's been working in a bank since leaving school.自从毕业后，他就一直在一家银行工作。
• I have known him ever since I was a child.我自孩提时代起就已经认识他了。

4 until   

prep.直到...为止；conj.直到...时才...

参考例句：

• He arrived home until midnight.他直到半夜才到家。
• She didn't sleep until midnight.她直到半夜才睡。

5 describe   

vt.描绘，描写；形容，把…说成

参考例句：

• Can you describe your son?你能描述一下你儿子 吗？
• It is very difficult to describe my joy in words.我的快乐难以用语言来形容。

6 several   

adj.几个，若干，数个；各个的，各自的

参考例句：

• Words often have several meanings.单词往往有若干个意思。
• Several new members have come into the club since last year.自去年以来，又有些新成员加入了俱乐部。

7 had   

vbl.have的过去式和过去分词；conj.有

参考例句：

• I just had a good idea!我有个好主意！
• The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。

8 few   

adj.很少的，不多的，少数的；int.少数的

参考例句：

• There are few woods in that area.那个地区几乎没有森林。
• I have a few questions.我有些问题要问你。

9 was   

v.(is,am的过去式)是，在

参考例句：

• He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
• He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。