《外科风云》热播：来学学医学用语

 　　一、医生职位

　　a surgical¹ resident 外科住院医生

　　The seven years you spend here as a surgical resident will be the best and worst of your life.

　　以后的七年你们将在这里做外科住院医生，这将是你们一生中最美妙的也是最痛苦的七年。

　　specialty² 专科

　　Eight of you will switch to an easier specialty.

　　你们其中的八位会转到更容易的专科。

　　surgeon 外科医生

　　I imagine that an able surgeon, in spite of the painful circumstances in which his work is done, derivessatisfaction from the exquisite³ precision of his operations.

　　我想像尽管一个能干的外科医生工作时处在令人痛苦的气氛中，他还是能从精湛的手术中得到满足。

　　attending 主治医生

　　You’re an attending and I’m your intern⁴.

　　你是主治医生，而我是你的实习生。

　　the Chief of XX科主任

　　其他医生

　　内科医生 physician

　　儿科医生 pediatrician 儿科牙医 pediatric dentist

　　眼科医生 oculist⁵; eye-doctor

　　牙科医生 dentist; dental surgeon

　　皮肤科医生 dermatologist⁶

　　二、常见科室部门

　　medical department 内科

　　surgical department 外科

　　anesthesiology department 麻醉科

　　cardiology department 心脏病科

　　dental department 牙科

　　dermatology department, skin department 皮肤科

　　neurology department 神经科

　　in-patient department 住院部

　　nursing department 护理部

　　consulting room 诊室

　　waiting room 候诊室

　　admitting office 住院处

　　emergency room 急诊室

　　operation room, operation theatre 手术室

　　laboratory 化验室

　　blood bank 血库

　　pharmacy⁷, dispensary 药房

　　ward⁸ 病房

　　medical ward 内科病房

　　surgical ward 外科病房

　　maternity⁹ ward 产科病房

　　isolation¹⁰ ward 隔离病房

　　observation ward 观察室

　　三、常见缩写

　　MRI：Magnetic Resonance¹¹ Imaging 核磁共振

　　Look, an MRI wouldn’t hurt. 做个核磁共振又没啥。

　　ICU：Intensive Care Unit 重症病房

　　O.R.：Operating room手术室

　　B.P.: Blood pressure 血压

　　The B.P. was elevated. 血压也在升高

　　CPR: cardio-pulmonary resuscitation¹² 心肺复苏

　　I.V.：intravenous injection 静脉注射

　　ICP：intracranial pressure 颅内压

　　2243's ICPs are coming down. 2243号病人颅内压降下来了。

　　三、灵活表达

　　mental status 精神状态

　　How's his mental status? 他的精神状态如何

　　- It's spotty. 时好时坏。

　　- He's awake. 意识清醒。

　　- He's not making much sense. 表达不清。

　　- Max has regained¹³ consciousness. 麦克斯已经恢复意识了。

　　恶化 get worse/deteriorate/escalate

　　he got better and he suddenly deteriorated¹⁴. 他好起来了但又突然恶化了。

　　Definitely getting worse. 病情绝对是恶化了。

　　My patient's condition has escalated¹⁵. 病人情况一再恶化。

1 surgical   

adj.外科的，外科医生的，手术上的

参考例句：

• He performs the surgical operations at the Red Cross Hospital.他在红十字会医院做外科手术。
• All surgical instruments must be sterilised before use.所有的外科手术器械在使用之前，必须消毒。

2 specialty   

n.(speciality)特性，特质；专业，专长

参考例句：

• Shell carvings are a specialty of the town.贝雕是该城的特产。
• His specialty is English literature.他的专业是英国文学。

3 exquisite   

adj.精美的；敏锐的；剧烈的，感觉强烈的

参考例句：

• I was admiring the exquisite workmanship in the mosaic.我当时正在欣赏镶嵌画的精致做工。
• I still remember the exquisite pleasure I experienced in Bali.我依然记得在巴厘岛所经历的那种剧烈的快感。

4 intern   

v.拘禁，软禁；n.实习生

参考例句：

• I worked as an intern in that firm last summer.去年夏天我在那家商行实习。
• The intern bandaged the cut as the nurse looked on.这位实习生在护士的照看下给病人包扎伤口。

5 oculist   

n.眼科医生

参考例句：

• I wonder if the oculist could fit me in next Friday.不知眼科医生能否在下星期五给我安排一个时间。
• If your eyes are infected,you must go to an oculist.如果你的眼睛受到感染，就要去看眼科医生。

6 dermatologist   

n.皮肤科医师

参考例句：

• I think you should see a dermatologist first.我想你应当先看皮肤科大夫。
• The general practitioner referred her patient to a dermatologist.家庭医生把她的病人交给了皮肤科医生。

7 pharmacy   

n.药房，药剂学，制药业，配药业，一批备用药品

参考例句：

• She works at the pharmacy.她在药房工作。
• Modern pharmacy has solved the problem of sleeplessness.现代制药学已经解决了失眠问题。

8 ward   

n.守卫，监护，病房，行政区，由监护人或法院保护的人（尤指儿童）；vt.守护，躲开

参考例句：

• The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.这家医院有内科病房和外科病房。
• During the evening picnic,I'll carry a torch to ward off the bugs.傍晚野餐时，我要点根火把，抵挡蚊虫。

9 maternity   

n.母性，母道，妇产科病房；adj.孕妇的，母性的

参考例句：

• Women workers are entitled to maternity leave with full pay.女工产假期间工资照发。
• Trainee nurses have to work for some weeks in maternity.受训的护士必须在产科病房工作数周。

10 isolation   

n.隔离，孤立，分解，分离

参考例句：

• The millionaire lived in complete isolation from the outside world.这位富翁过着与世隔绝的生活。
• He retired and lived in relative isolation.他退休后，生活比较孤寂。

11 resonance   

n.洪亮；共鸣；共振

参考例句：

• Playing the piano sets up resonance in those glass ornaments.一弹钢琴那些玻璃饰物就会产生共振。
• The areas under the two resonance envelopes are unequal.两个共振峰下面的面积是不相等的。

12 resuscitation   

n.复活

参考例句：

• Despite attempts at resuscitation,Mr Lynch died a week later in hospital.虽经全力抢救，但林奇先生一周以后还是在医院去世了。
• We gave him mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and heart massage.我们对他进行了口对口复苏救治和心脏按摩。

13 regained   

复得( regain的过去式和过去分词 )； 赢回； 重回； 复至某地

参考例句：

• The majority of the people in the world have regained their liberty. 世界上大多数人已重获自由。
• She hesitated briefly but quickly regained her poise. 她犹豫片刻，但很快恢复了镇静。

14 deteriorated   

恶化，变坏( deteriorate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Her health deteriorated rapidly, and she died shortly afterwards. 她的健康状况急剧恶化，不久便去世了。
• His condition steadily deteriorated. 他的病情恶化，日甚一日。

15 escalated   

v.（使）逐步升级( escalate的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）逐步扩大；（使）更高；（使）更大

参考例句：

• The fighting escalated into a full-scale war. 这场交战逐步扩大为全面战争。
• The demonstration escalated into a pitched battle with the police. 示威逐步升级，演变成了一场同警察的混战。