外贸常用词汇英语单词

外贸常用词汇英语单词

国际贸易

出口信贷 export credit
出口津贴 export subsidy¹
商品倾销 dumping
外汇倾销 exchange dumping
优惠关税 special preferences
保税仓库 bonded² warehouse³
贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade
贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade
进口配额制 import quotas⁴
自由贸易区 free trade zone
对外贸易值 value of foreign trade
国际贸易值 value of international trade
普遍优惠制 generalized system of preferences-GSP
最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-MFNT

价格条件

价格术语trade term (price term)　　 运费freight
单价 price 　　　　　　　　 码头费wharfage
总值 total value 　　　　　 卸货费landing charges
金额 amount 　　　　　　　　关税customs duty
净价 net price 　　　　　　 印花税stamp duty
含佣价price including commission 港口税portdues
回佣return commission 　　装运港portof shipment
折扣discount,allowance 　 卸货港port of discharge
批发价 wholesale⁵ price 　目的港portof destination
零售价 retail⁶ price 　　 进口许口证inportlicence
现货价格spot price 　　 出口许口证exportlicence
期货价格forward price
现行价格（时价）current price prevailingprice
国际市场价格 world (International)Marketprice
离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board
成本加运费价（离岸加运费价） C&F-cost and freight
到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost,insurance and freight

交货条件

交货delivery 　　　轮船steamship(缩写S.S)
装运、装船shipment 租船charter (the chartered shep) 交货时间 time of delivery 　定程租船voyage charter; 装运期限time of shipment 　 定期租船time charter
托运人（一般指出口商）shipper,consignor
收货人consignee⁷
班轮regular shipping⁸ liner　　 驳船lighter⁹
舱位shipping space 　　　　　　油轮tanker¹⁰
报关clearance¹¹ of goods 　　陆运收据cargo¹² receipt
提货to take delivery of goods
空运提单airway¹³ bill 　　　 正本提单original B/L
选择港（任意港）optional port 　　　　　
选港费optional charges
选港费由买方负担 optional charges to be borne by the Buyers 或 optional charges for Buyers' account
一月份装船 shipment during January 或 January shipment
一月底装船 shipment not later than Jan.31st.或shipment on or before Jan.31st.
一/二月份装船 shipment during Jan./Feb.或 Jan./Feb. shipment
在......(时间）分两批装船 shipment during....in two lots
在......(时间）平均分两批装船 shipment during....in two equal lots
分三个月装运 in three monthly shipments
分三个月，每月平均装运 in three equal monthly shipments
立即装运 immediate¹⁴ shipments
即期装运 prompt shipments
收到信用证后30天内装运 shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C
允许分批装船 partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not unacceptable

交易磋商、合同签订

订单 indent¹⁵ 　　　　　 订货；订购 book; booking
电复 cable reply　　　 实盘 firm offer
递盘 bid; bidding　　　递实盘 bid firm
还盘 counter offer　　 发盘（发价) offer
发实盘 offer firm 　　 询盘（询价） inquiry;enquiry

交易磋商、合同签订

指示性价格 price indication
速复 reply immediately
参考价 reference price
习惯做法 usual practice
交易磋商 business negotiation¹⁶ 　　　　
不受约束 without engagement
业务洽谈 business discussion
限**复 subject to reply **
限* *复到 subject to reply reaching here **
有效期限 time of validity 　
有效至**: valid¹⁷ till **
购货合同 purchase contract　　 销售合同 sales contract
购货确认书 purchase confirmation¹⁸
销售确认书 sales confirmation 　　　　　
一般交易条件 general terms and conditions
以未售出为准 subject to prior sale
需经卖方确认 subject to seller's confirmation
需经我方最后确认 subject to our final confirmation

贸易方式

INT (拍卖auction)　　　　　　　寄售consignment¹⁹
招标invitation of tender
投标submission²⁰ of tender
一般代理人agent　　　　　　总代理人general agent
代理协议agency agreement
累计佣金accumulative commission
补偿贸易compensation trade
　　　（或抵偿贸易）compensating/compensatory trade
　　　（又叫：往返贸易） counter trade
来料加工processing on giving materials
来料装配assembling on provided parts
独家经营/专营权exclusive right
独家经营/包销/代理协议exclusivity agreement
独家代理 sole agency; sole agent; exclusive agency;
　　　exclusive agent

品质条件
品质 quality 　　　　　原样 original sample
规格 specifications²¹ 　 复样 duplicate sample
说明 description 　　　对等样品 countersample
标准 standard type 　　参考样品 reference sample
商品目录 catalogue 　　封样 sealed sample
宣传小册 pamphlet 　　 公差 tolerance²²
货号 article No. 　　　花色（搭配） assortment²³
样品 sample 5% 　　　　增减 5% plus or minus
代表性样品 representative sample
大路货（良好平均品质）fair average quality

商检仲裁

索赔 claim　　　　　　　　争议disputes
罚金条款 penalty 　　　　 仲裁arbitration²⁴
不可抗力 force Majeure　 仲裁庭arbitral tribunal
产地证明书certificate of origin
品质检验证书 inspection²⁵ certificate of quanlity
重量检验证书 inspection certificate of weight (quantity)
**商品检验局 **commodity inspection bureau (*.C.I.B)
品质、重量检验证书 inspection certificate

数量条件

个数 number 　　　　　　　　净重 net weight
容积 capacity 　　　　　　　毛作净 gross for net
体积 volume　　　　　　　　 皮重 tare
毛重 gross weight 　　　　
溢短装条款 more or less clause

外 汇

外汇 foreign exchange 　　法定贬值 devaluation
外币 foreign currency 　　法定升值 revaluation
汇率 rate of exchange　　 浮动汇率floating rate
国际收支 balance of payments 　 硬通货 hard currency
直接标价 direct quotation　　　 软通货 soft currency
间接标价 indirect quotation 　　金平价　gold standard
买入汇率 buying rate　　　　　 通货膨胀 inflation
卖出汇率 selling rate　　　　　固定汇率 fixed rate
金本位制度 gold standard 　　 黄金输送点 gold points
铸币平价 mint par 　　　纸币制度 paper money system
国际货币基金 international monetary fund
黄金外汇储备 gold and foreign exchange reserve
汇率波动的官定上下限 official upper and lower limits of fluctuation

1 subsidy   

n.补助金，津贴

参考例句：

• The university will receive a subsidy for research in artificial intelligence.那个大学将得到一笔人工智能研究的补助费。
• The living subsidy for senior expert's family is included in the remuneration.报酬已包含高级专家家人的生活补贴。

2 bonded   

n.有担保的，保税的，粘合的

参考例句：

• The whisky was taken to bonded warehouses at Port Dundee.威士忌酒已送到邓迪港的保稅仓库。
• This adhesive must be applied to both surfaces which are to be bonded together.要粘接的两个面都必须涂上这种黏合剂。

3 warehouse   

n.仓库；vt.存入仓库

参考例句：

• We freighted the goods to the warehouse by truck.我们用卡车把货物运到仓库。
• The manager wants to clear off the old stocks in the warehouse.经理想把仓库里积压的存货处理掉。

4 quotas   

（正式限定的）定量( quota的名词复数 )； 定额； 指标； 摊派

参考例句：

• In fulfilling the production quotas, John made rings round all his fellow workers. 约翰完成生产定额大大超过他的同事们。
• Quotas of the means of production are allocated by the higher administrative bodies to the lower ones. 物资指标按隶属关系分配。

5 wholesale   

n.批发；adv.以批发方式；vt.批发，成批出售

参考例句：

• The retail dealer buys at wholesale and sells at retail.零售商批发购进货物，以零售价卖出。
• Such shoes usually wholesale for much less.这种鞋批发出售通常要便宜得多。

6 retail   

v./n.零售；adv.以零售价格

参考例句：

• In this shop they retail tobacco and sweets.这家铺子零售香烟和糖果。
• These shoes retail at 10 yuan a pair.这些鞋子零卖10元一双。

7 consignee   

n.受托者，收件人，代销人；承销人；收货人

参考例句：

• The consignee is decided according to the order of the shipper or the opening bank. 收货人是由托运人或开证行的指令决定。 来自辞典例句
• For Freight Collect shipments, the charge will be billed to the consignee. 若采取收件人付费方式，则费用由收件人支付。 来自互联网

8 shipping   

n.船运（发货，运输，乘船）

参考例句：

• We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。
• There's a shipping charge of ￡5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。

9 lighter   

n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级

参考例句：

• The portrait was touched up so as to make it lighter.这张画经过润色，色调明朗了一些。
• The lighter works off the car battery.引燃器利用汽车蓄电池打火。

10 tanker   

n.油轮

参考例句：

• The tanker took on 200,000 barrels of crude oil.油轮装载了二十万桶原油。
• Heavy seas had pounded the tanker into three parts.汹涌的巨浪把油轮撞成三载。

11 clearance   

n.净空；许可(证)；清算；清除，清理

参考例句：

• There was a clearance of only ten centimetres between the two walls.两堵墙之间只有十厘米的空隙。
• The ship sailed as soon as it got clearance. 那艘船一办好离港手续立刻启航了。

12 cargo   

n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物

参考例句：

• The ship has a cargo of about 200 ton.这条船大约有200吨的货物。
• A lot of people discharged the cargo from a ship.许多人从船上卸下货物。

13 airway   

n.空中航线，通风口

参考例句：

• Lay them on their side and ensure the airway is unobstructed.让他们侧躺着，并确保呼吸道畅通。
• There is a purple airway in London Airport.伦敦机场里有一条皇家专用飞机跑道。

14 immediate   

adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的

参考例句：

• His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
• We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。

15 indent   

n.订单，委托采购，国外商品订货单，代购订单

参考例句：

• A firm order is often called an indent.确定的订单常称作订货单。
• Bid will be evaluated strictly in accordance with the indent specifications.投标将按照订货单的技术条件严格评估。

16 negotiation   

n.谈判，协商

参考例句：

• They closed the deal in sugar after a week of negotiation.经过一星期的谈判，他们的食糖生意成交了。
• The negotiation dragged on until July.谈判一直拖到7月份。

17 valid   

adj.有确实根据的；有效的；正当的，合法的

参考例句：

• His claim to own the house is valid.他主张对此屋的所有权有效。
• Do you have valid reasons for your absence?你的缺席有正当理由吗？

18 confirmation   

n.证实，确认，批准

参考例句：

• We are waiting for confirmation of the news.我们正在等待证实那个消息。
• We need confirmation in writing before we can send your order out.给你们发送订购的货物之前，我们需要书面确认。

19 consignment   

n.寄售；发货；委托；交运货物

参考例句：

• This last consignment of hosiery is quite up to standard.这批新到的针织品完全符合规格。
• We have to ask you to dispatch the consignment immediately.我们得要求你立即发送该批货物。

20 submission   

n.服从，投降；温顺，谦虚；提出

参考例句：

• The defeated general showed his submission by giving up his sword.战败将军缴剑表示投降。
• No enemy can frighten us into submission.任何敌人的恐吓都不能使我们屈服。

21 specifications   

n.规格；载明；详述；（产品等的）说明书；说明书( specification的名词复数 )；详细的计划书；载明；详述

参考例句：

• Our work must answer the specifications laid down. 我们的工作应符合所定的规范。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• This sketch does not conform with the specifications. 图文不符。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

22 tolerance   

n.宽容；容忍，忍受；耐药力；公差

参考例句：

• Tolerance is one of his strengths.宽容是他的一个优点。
• Human beings have limited tolerance of noise.人类对噪音的忍耐力有限。

23 assortment   

n.分类，各色俱备之物，聚集

参考例句：

• This shop has a good assortment of goods to choose from.该店各色货物俱全，任君选择。
• She was wearing an odd assortment of clothes.她穿着奇装异服。

24 arbitration   

n.调停，仲裁

参考例句：

• The wage disagreement is under arbitration.工资纠纷正在仲裁中。
• Both sides have agreed that the arbitration will be binding.双方都赞同仲裁具有约束力。

25 inspection   

n.检查，审查，检阅

参考例句：

• On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查，发现肉变质了。
• The soldiers lined up for their daily inspection by their officers.士兵们列队接受军官的日常检阅。