世界各地的儿童节

 　　Children's Day is celebrated¹ in many parts of the world. It is a day to highlight the dignity of children and their need for love, care, and respect, and instill in the children a sense of independence and national pride. It is also a day to honor adults that have contributed to improving the lives of children.

　　In August 1925, some 54 representatives from different countries gathered together in Geneva, Switzerland to convene² the first "World Conference for the Wellbeing of Children", during which the "Geneva Declaration Protecting Children" was passed. The proclamation made a strong appeal for the spiritual needs of children, relief for children in poverty, prevention of child labor³, reassessing the way that children are educated and other issues related to the welfare of children around the world.

　　After the conference, various governments around the world designated a day, different in each country, as Children's Day, to encourage and bring joy to children as well as to draw the attention of society to children's issues.

　　Universal Children's Day is on November 20. First proclaimed by the UN General Assembly in 1954, it was established to encourage all countries to institute a day, firstly to promote mutual⁴ exchange and understanding among children and secondly⁵ to initiate⁶ action to benefit and promote the welfare of the world's children.

　　Many countries like China chose to celebrate the International Children's Day on June 1, which has been established in November 1949 at the International Democratic Women's League Council held in Moscow. The Day, which is also called the First of June, is explained as "an international memorial day that exists upon the purpose of securing lives and rights of children and encouraging their happiness and health".

　　However, Women's/Children's Day (formerly Children's Day) is celebrated in Taiwan on April 4. This day marks the restoration of Taiwan to Chinese rule in 1945 after half a century of Japanese occupation.

　　May 5 is Children's Day in Japan. It became a national holiday in 1948, but it has been a day of celebration in Japan since ancient times. It was traditionally a festival for boys. Girls have their own festival, held on March 3.

　　In India, the birthday of Jawaharlal Nehru is celebrated as Children's Day every year, on November 14.

　　Columbia：4th,July Kids wear different kinds of masks. They dress up like clowns. Then they play around in the streets and have fun.

　　Sweden:7th,August On this day, boys dress up like lobsters⁷ and put on shows. People want boys to be as brave as lobsters.

　　April 23 is the "National Sovereignty and Children's Day" in Turkey. It was Mustafa Kemal Aataturk, the Father of the Republic of Turkey who loved children so much, that started the Day, the same date when the Republic of Turkey was founded. On the Day, certain children are selected to take over the places of the government and even a lucky kid is the president of Turkey for a whole day!

1 celebrated   

adj.有名的，声誉卓著的

参考例句：

• He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
• The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。

2 convene   

v.集合，召集，召唤，聚集，集合

参考例句：

• The Diet will convene at 3p.m. tomorrow.国会将于明天下午三点钟开会。
• Senior officials convened in October 1991 in London.1991年10月，高级官员在伦敦会齐。

3 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

4 mutual   

adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的

参考例句：

• We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
• Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。

5 secondly   

adv.第二，其次

参考例句：

• Secondly,use your own head and present your point of view.第二，动脑筋提出自己的见解。
• Secondly it is necessary to define the applied load.其次，需要确定所作用的载荷。

6 initiate   

vt.开始，创始，发动；启蒙，使入门；引入

参考例句：

• A language teacher should initiate pupils into the elements of grammar.语言老师应该把基本语法教给学生。
• They wanted to initiate a discussion on economics.他们想启动一次经济学讨论。

7 lobsters   

龙虾( lobster的名词复数 )； 龙虾肉

参考例句：

• I have no idea about how to prepare those cuttlefish and lobsters. 我对如何烹调那些乌贼和龙虾毫无概念。
• She sold me a couple of live lobsters. 她卖了几只活龙虾给我。