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英文药品说明书的写法(五)

时间:2013-03-20 01:55来源:互联网 提供网友:laura6688   字体: [ ]
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    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

   本项中最常用的英语表示法是Contraindications,也有用Restrictions on Use(用药限制)的。

  一、本项中涉及到禁用(或慎用)某些药物的患者或某种特殊情况,例如:
  1、孕妇、妊娠期或哺乳期,幼童等:
  pregnant woman 孕妇
  lactation 哺乳期
  in pregnancy1 妊娠期
  children under …years of age …岁以下儿童
  the first trimester (3 months) of pregnancy 妊娠期的最初三个月
  2、患有某些疾病或过敏的患者,如:
  allergic2 (hypersensitive) to… 对…过敏的
  allergic (anaphylactic) reaction 过敏反应
  allegy (hypersensitivity) to… 对…过敏
  patients with… (who…) 患有…的患者
  二、本项中常出现一些疾病名称,例如:
  cardiac failure 心力衰竭
  hypertension 高血压
  cardiac (renal) insufficiency 心(肾)功能不全
  severe hypotension 严重低血压
  impairment of kidney (renal function) 肾功能损伤
  diabetes3 糖尿病
  liver (hepatic) damage 肝损伤
  severe anemia4 严重贫血
  三、常见句型
  1) 省略句型,只列出禁忌对象或疾病名称等。
  例1. Pregnacy, allergy5 to methotrexate, functional6 disorders7 of liver and kidneys, diseases of the haematopoietic system (bone marrow8 hypoplasia, leucopenia, thrombocy - to penia, anaemia), intectious diseases, ulcers9 of the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract10, recent operation wounds.
  孕期,对氨甲叶酸过敏,肝、肾功能障碍,血液系统疾病(骨髓机能减退、白细胞及血小板减少、贫血),传染病,口腔及胃溃疡,近期术后伤口等忌用。
  例2. Hypersensitivity to quinoiones, severerenal insufficiency.
  对喹喏酮类过敏,严重肾功能不全。
  2) 完整的句子或段落。其中常用的结构有:
  contraindications are… 禁忌症是…
  be contraindicated in (for) … 对…禁忌
  should not be used (employed) in … 不得用于…
  It is advisable to avoid the use of … 建议不用于…
  must not be administered (given) to… 对…不得用药
  should be used with caution 慎用
  be not recommended for… 最好不用于…
  none reported 未见报道
  not known 不清楚
  还可能有一些其他的结构。
  例3. Cetazolin sodium11 is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to cephalosporin group of antibiotics12.
  先锋5号禁用于已知对头孢菌素类抗生素过敏的患者。
  例4. It is advisable to avoid the use of Aramine with cyclo-propane or halothane anesthesia, unless clinical circumstances demand such use.
  如果不是临床需要,建议本品不要与环丙烷或氟溴氯乙烷麻醉剂合用。
  例5. Do not take Benemid if prior administration resulted in hypersensitivity Benemid is not recommended for persons with known disorders of the blood or uric acid kidney stones. Do not give Benemid to children under two years of age.
  若以前使用丙磺舒曾引起过敏反应,则应禁用。已知有血液疾患及尿酸性肾结石的患者建议不要使用本品,二岁以下儿童不得服用。 医.学教育网整理
  例6. Phenothiazine compounds should not be used in patients receiving large doses of hypnotics, and should be used, with caution in patients with a history of convulssive disorders, since grand mal convulsions have been known to occur.
  接受大剂量安眠药的患者不应使用吩噻嗪化合物,对有惊厥病史的患者应慎用,因为已知有发生过癫痫大发作。
  例7. Ursosan should not be given to patients suffering from fulminant hepatitis and bile duct obstruction13.
  暴发性肝炎及胆管阻塞患者禁用熊去氧胆酸。
  例8. This product is contraindicated in those patients who have shown hypersensitivity to it unless, in the opinion of the physician, the condition requiring treatment is life threatening and amenable14 only to amphotencin B therapy.
  除非根据医生的意见,认为需要治疗的患者的病情危及生命,并且只有两性霉素治疗才可能使其有所改善之外,对本品过敏的患者禁用本品。
  例9. Children under 5 years of age should not be treated with Antistine.
  5岁以下儿童禁用敌胺。
  例10. The use of Alexan in nursing mothers is not recommended.
  哺乳期妇女最好不用爱力生。
  例11. Pregnancy: Coumadin is contraindicated in women who are or may become pregnat because the drug basses15 through the placental barrier and may cause fatal hemorrhage to the felus in utero.
  妊娠期禁用:香豆定禁用于孕妇,或可能已怀孕的妇女,因为本品可能穿过胎盘屏障,引起子宫内胚胎致命的出血。
  四、在 Restrictions on use 的项目中有时还有小标题
  Contraindications 禁忌症
  Precautions (Note) 注意事项
  Warning 警告
  Pregnancy and Lactation 妊娠与哺乳

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 pregnancy lPwxP     
n.怀孕,怀孕期
参考例句:
  • Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕早期常有恶心的现象。
  • Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage.怀孕期吸烟会增加流产的危险。
2 allergic 4xozJ     
adj.过敏的,变态的
参考例句:
  • Alice is allergic to the fur of cats.艾丽斯对猫的皮毛过敏。
  • Many people are allergic to airborne pollutants such as pollen.许多人对空气传播的污染物过敏,比如花粉。
3 diabetes uPnzu     
n.糖尿病
参考例句:
  • In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者,医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
  • Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。
4 anemia joGy3     
n.贫血,贫血症
参考例句:
  • The doctors analyzed the blood sample for anemia. 医生们分析了贫血的血样。
  • I was put on iron tablets for my anemia.我曾因贫血吃补铁药片。
5 allergy 8Vpza     
n.(因食物、药物等而引起的)过敏症
参考例句:
  • He developed an allergy to pollen.他对花粉过敏。
  • The patient had an allergy to penicillin.该患者对青霉素过敏。
6 functional 5hMxa     
adj.为实用而设计的,具备功能的,起作用的
参考例句:
  • The telephone was out of order,but is functional now.电话刚才坏了,但现在可以用了。
  • The furniture is not fancy,just functional.这些家具不是摆着好看的,只是为了实用。
7 disorders 6e49dcafe3638183c823d3aa5b12b010     
n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 );凌乱;骚乱;(身心、机能)失调
参考例句:
  • Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告,厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》
8 marrow M2myE     
n.骨髓;精华;活力
参考例句:
  • It was so cold that he felt frozen to the marrow. 天气太冷了,他感到寒冷刺骨。
  • He was tired to the marrow of his bones.他真是累得筋疲力尽了。
9 ulcers CfBzhM     
n.溃疡( ulcer的名词复数 );腐烂物;道德败坏;腐败
参考例句:
  • Detachment of the dead cells produces erosions and ulcers. 死亡细胞的脱落,产生糜烂和溃疡。 来自辞典例句
  • 75% of postbulbar ulcers occur proximal to the duodenal papilla. 75%的球后溃疡发生在十二指肠乳头近侧。 来自辞典例句
10 tract iJxz4     
n.传单,小册子,大片(土地或森林)
参考例句:
  • He owns a large tract of forest.他拥有一大片森林。
  • He wrote a tract on this subject.他曾对此写了一篇短文。
11 sodium Hrpyc     
n.(化)钠
参考例句:
  • Out over the town the sodium lights were lit.在外面,全城的钠光灯都亮了。
  • Common salt is a compound of sodium and chlorine.食盐是钠和氯的复合物。
12 antibiotics LzgzQT     
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
13 obstruction HRrzR     
n.阻塞,堵塞;障碍物
参考例句:
  • She was charged with obstruction of a police officer in the execution of his duty.她被指控妨碍警察执行任务。
  • The road was cleared from obstruction.那条路已被清除了障碍。
14 amenable pLUy3     
adj.经得起检验的;顺从的;对负有义务的
参考例句:
  • His scientific discoveries are amenable to the laws of physics.他在科学上的发现经得起物理定律的检验。
  • He is amenable to counsel.他这人听劝。
15 basses a391aeb83839b8f44cf47aff74998b24     
低音歌唱家,低音乐器( bass的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Oh, good! We need basses, and you can sing just as loudly as you like. 噢,很好!我们需要低音。您唱的声音大小可以随意。
  • We are manufacturer of high-and medium-end violins, violas, cellos and basses. 我厂是深圳专业生产制作高档、中档小提琴、中提琴、大提琴、低音提琴的企业。
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TAG标签:   药品说明书
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