三级笔译真题

 　　Please translate the following paragraph into Chinese.

　　Last Friday an advisory¹ panel to the European Environment Agency issued an extraordinary scientific opinion: The European Union should suspend its goal of having 10 percent of transportation fuel made from biofuel by 2020.

　　The European Union‘s biofuel targets were increased and extended from 5.75 percent by 2010 to 10 percent by 2020 just last year. Still， Europe‘s well-meaning rush to biofuels， the scientists concluded， had produced a slew² of harmful ripple³ effectsfrom deforestation in Southeast Asia to higher prices for grains.

　　In a recommendation released last weekend， the 20-member panel， made up of some of Europe‘s most distinguished⁴ climate scientists， called the 10 percent target "overambitious" and an "experiment" whose "unintended effects are difficult to predict and difficult to control."

　　"The idea was that we felt we needed to slow down， to analyze⁵ the issue carefully and then come back at the problem，" Laszlo Somlyody， the panel‘s chairman and a professor at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics， said in a telephone interview.

　　He said that part of the problem was that when it set the targets， the European Union was trying desperately⁶ to solve the problem of rising transportation emissions⁷ "in isolation，" without adequately studying the effects of other sectors⁸ like land use and food supply.

　　"The starting point was correct: I‘m happy that the European Union took the lead in cutting greenhouse gasses and we need to control traffic emissions，" Somlyody said. "But the basic problem is it thought of transport alone， without considering all these other effects. And we don‘t understand those very well yet."

　　The panel‘s advice is not binding⁹ and it is not clear whether the European Commission will follow the recommendation.

　　It has become increasingly clear that the global pursuit of biofuelsencouraged by a rash of targets and subsides¹⁰ in both Europe and the United Stateshas not produced the desired effect.

　　Investigations¹¹ have shown， for example， rain forests and peat swamp are being cleared to make way for biofuel plantations¹²， a process that produces more emissions than the biofuels can save. Equally concerning， land needed to produce food for people to eat is planted with more profitable biofuel crops， and water is diverted from the drinking supply.

　　In Europe and the United States， food prices for items like pizza and bread have increased significantly as grain stores shrink and wheat prices rise.

　　The price of wheat and rice are double those of a year ago， and corn is a third higher， the UN Food and Agriculture Organization said this week.

　　"Food price inflation hits the poor hardest， as the share of food in their total expenditures¹³ is much higher than that of wealthier populations，" said Henri Josserand of the Food and Agriculture Organization

　　For example， the European Environment Agency advisory panel suggests that the best use of plant biomass is not for transport fuel but to heat homes and generate electricity.

　　To be useful for vehicles， plant matter must be distilled¹⁴ to a fuel and often transported long distances. To heat a home， it can often be used raw or with minimal¹⁵ processing， and moved just a short distance away.

1 advisory   

adj.劝告的，忠告的，顾问的，提供咨询

参考例句：

• I have worked in an advisory capacity with many hospitals.我曾在多家医院做过顾问工作。
• He was appointed to the advisory committee last month.他上个月获任命为顾问委员会委员。

2 slew   

v.（使）旋转；n.大量，许多

参考例句：

• He slewed the car against the side of the building.他的车滑到了大楼的一侧，抵住了。
• They dealt with a slew of other issues.他们处理了大量的其他问题。

3 ripple   

n.涟波，涟漪，波纹，粗钢梳；vt.使...起涟漪，使起波纹； vi.呈波浪状，起伏前进

参考例句：

• The pebble made a ripple on the surface of the lake.石子在湖面上激起一个涟漪。
• The small ripple split upon the beach.小小的涟漪卷来，碎在沙滩上。

4 distinguished   

adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的

参考例句：

• Elephants are distinguished from other animals by their long noses.大象以其长长的鼻子显示出与其他动物的不同。
• A banquet was given in honor of the distinguished guests.宴会是为了向贵宾们致敬而举行的。

5 analyze   

vt.分析，解析 (=analyse)

参考例句：

• We should analyze the cause and effect of this event.我们应该分析这场事变的因果。
• The teacher tried to analyze the cause of our failure.老师设法分析我们失败的原因。

6 desperately   

adv.极度渴望地，绝望地，孤注一掷地

参考例句：

• He was desperately seeking a way to see her again.他正拼命想办法再见她一面。
• He longed desperately to be back at home.他非常渴望回家。

7 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

8 sectors   

n.部门( sector的名词复数 )；领域；防御地区；扇形

参考例句：

• Berlin was divided into four sectors after the war. 战后柏林分成了4 个区。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Industry and agriculture are the two important sectors of the national economy. 工业和农业是国民经济的两个重要部门。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

9 binding   

有约束力的，有效的，应遵守的

参考例句：

• The contract was not signed and has no binding force. 合同没有签署因而没有约束力。
• Both sides have agreed that the arbitration will be binding. 双方都赞同仲裁具有约束力。

10 subsides   

v.（土地）下陷（因在地下采矿）( subside的第三人称单数 )；减弱；下降至较低或正常水平；一下子坐在椅子等上

参考例句：

• Emotion swells and subsides. 情绪忽高忽低。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• His emotion swells and subsides. 他的情绪忽高忽低。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

11 investigations   

（正式的）调查( investigation的名词复数 )； 侦查； 科学研究； 学术研究

参考例句：

• His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查，但没有发现什么。
• He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。

12 plantations   

n.种植园，大农场( plantation的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Soon great plantations, supported by slave labor, made some families very wealthy. 不久之后出现了依靠奴隶劳动的大庄园，使一些家庭成了富豪。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
• Winterborne's contract was completed, and the plantations were deserted. 维恩特波恩的合同完成后，那片林地变得荒废了。 来自辞典例句

13 expenditures   

n.花费( expenditure的名词复数 )；使用；（尤指金钱的）支出额；（精力、时间、材料等的）耗费

参考例句：

• We have overspent.We'll have to let up our expenditures next month. 我们已经超支了，下个月一定得节约开支。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The pension includes an allowance of fifty pounds for traffic expenditures. 年金中包括50镑交通费补贴。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 distilled   

adj.由蒸馏得来的v.蒸馏( distil的过去式和过去分词 )；从…提取精华

参考例句：

• The televised interview was distilled from 16 hours of film. 那次电视采访是从16个小时的影片中选出的精华。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Gasoline is distilled from crude oil. 汽油是从原油中提炼出来的。 来自《简明英汉词典》

15 minimal   

adj.尽可能少的，最小的

参考例句：

• They referred to this kind of art as minimal art.他们把这种艺术叫微型艺术。
• I stayed with friends, so my expenses were minimal.我住在朋友家，所以我的花费很小。