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新东方赵丽词汇课堂

走遍美国 Family Album U.S.A

许国璋英语听力 第一册

VOA标准英语听者文摘

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大学体验英语听说教程

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阶梯听力天天练

A girl and a boy were on a motorcycle, speeding through the night.

一天夜里，男孩骑摩托车带着女孩超速行驶

They loved each other a lot..

他们彼此深爱着对方

Girl: Slow down a little. I'm scared...

女孩："慢一点...我怕..."

Boy: No, it's so fun...

男孩："不，这样很有趣..."

Girl: Please... it's so scary...

女孩："求求你...这样太吓人了..."

Boy: Then say that you love me...

男孩："好吧，那你说你爱我..."

Girl: Fine... I love you... Can you slow down now?

女孩："好....我爱你...你现在可以慢下来了吗？"

Boy: Give me a big hug...

男孩："紧紧抱我一下..."

The girl gave him a big hug.

女孩紧紧拥抱了他一下

Girl: Now can you slow down?

女孩："现在你可以慢下来了吧？"

Boy: Can you take off my helmet and put it on? It's uncomfortable and it's bothering me while I drive.

男孩："你可以脱下我的头盔并自己戴上吗？它让我感到不舒服，还干扰我驾车。"

Then next day, there was a story in the newspaper: a motorcycle had crashed into a building because it sbrakes were broken.

第二天，报纸报道：一辆摩托车因为刹车失灵而撞毁在一幢建筑物上。

There were two people on the motorcycle, of which one died, and the other had survived...

车上有两个人，一个死亡，一个幸存...

The guy knew that the brakes were broken. He didn't want to let the girl know, because he knew that the girl would have gotten scared.

驾车的男孩知道刹车失灵，但他没有让女孩知道，因为那样会让女孩感到害怕。

Instead, he was told the last time that she loved him, got a hug from her, put his helmet on her so that she can live, and die himself...

相反，他让女孩最后一次说她爱他，最后一次拥抱他，并让她戴上自己的头盔，结果，女孩活着，他自己死了...

Once in a while, right in the middle of anordinary life, love gives us a fairytale...

就在一会儿的时间里，就在平常的生活里，爱向我们展示了一个神话。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　更多美文

　　Mrs. Brown: Oh, my dear, I have lost my precious little dog!

　　Mrs. Smith: But you must put an advertisement in the papers!

　　Mrs. Brown: It's no use, my little dog can't read.

　　布朗夫人：哦， 亲爱的，我把珍爱的小狗给丢了！

　　史密斯夫人：可是你该在报纸上登广告啊！

　　布朗夫人：没有用的，我的小狗不认识字。"

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　更多笑话

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　The Emperor's New Clothes

　　Long ago and far away, there lived an Emperor. This Emperor was very vain and could think about nothing but his clothes. He had wardrobes and cupboards full of clothes. They filled his spare bedrooms and upstairs corridors of the palace.

　　The courtiers were worried that the wardrobes would begin to appear downstairs and in their chambers.

　　The Emperor spent hours every morning getting dressed. He had to choose his outfit, preferable a new one, and the shoes and wig to go with it. Mid-morning, he invariably changed into something more formal for his short meetings with his councillors and advisors. He would change again for lunch, and then again for a rest in the afternoon. He just had to change for dinner and them again for the evening!

　　He kept all the weavers, tailors, cobblers and silk merchants of the city very busy and very happy! News of the Emperor spread to distant kingdoms and finally came to the ears of two very shady characters.

　　"Could we?" they asked themselves. "Could we fool the Emperor who loves new clothes?" "Let's try," they decided.

　　They left their homes and traveled to the Emperor's city. there they saw the many shops selling clothes, shoes and fabrics. For, if the Emperor dressed finely, so too did his couriers. The two travelers went to the palace along with many other tradesmen hoping to sell their wares to the Emperor. They asked to meet the Emperor. "We have something very special to show him," they told the Chamberlain. "That's what everyone says," said the Chamberlain. "Ah, but his is magical," said one, "We have invented a new cloth by using a very special and secret method."

　　The Chamberlain felt that it was his duty to bring new items to the Emperor's attention and he went to tell him. "Something magical?" said the Emperor, who was changing for lunch and admiring himself in the mirror. "Oh, I love new things, Show the two weavers in."

　　The two weavers were shown in, and began to describe their cloth to the Emperor. "It is gold, silver and rainbow colored, all at the same time," said one. "It shimmers." "It feels like silk, but is as warm as wool," said the second. "It is as light as air," said the first. "A most wonderful fabric."

　　The Emperor was enchanted. He must have an outfit from this new cloth. "There is a grand parade in the city in two weeks time," he said. "I need a new outfit for it. Can one be ready in time?" "Oh yes, your Majesty," said the weavers. "But there is a problem. The cloth is very expensive to make." "No matter," said the Emperor, waving his hand. "Money is no object. I must have an outfit. Just see the Chamberlain and he'll sort it out. Make it here in the palace."

　　The Chamberlain showed the two weavers to a large airy room and they set to work. They asked for a loom, and a sack of gold to start buying materials. The Chamberlain followed the Emperor's orders and they were denied nothing. The weavers worked away behind closed doors. The loom could be heard clattering away. Every now and then a courtier would stand and listen at the door. News of the magic cloth had spread.

　　Finally, the Emperor could stand it no more. "Chamberlain, go to the weavers and see how the cloth is processing. The parade is only a week way." The Chamberlain knocked at the door and waited. "Enter!" said the weavers. They had been expecting someone soon! "The Emperor has sent me to check on the progress of the cloth," said the Chamberlain, staring at the empty loom. "Is it not beautiful?" said one of the weavers, holding out nothing to the Chamberlain. "See the lustre, feel the softness!" "Um," said the Chamberlain, not quite sure what to say. "Oh wise Chamberlain," said the other weaver.

　　"Now you can see why it is magical. Only the truly clever and brilliant can see the cloth. Most people would see an empty loom, but a clever man like you will see our wonderful cloth." "Of course," said the Chamberlain, not wanting to look stupid. "It really is quite marvelous. Those colors, that shimmer of the gold and silver threads. Marvelous." "Oh, you are so wise," said the weavers.

　　The Emperor was very impatient and couldn't wait for the Chamberlain to return. After ten minutes of pacing up and down, he went to the weavers' room, followed by half of his court. He threw the doors open, and saw the empty loom. "Why!" he cried in a surprised voice. "Your Majesty," said the Chamberlain quickly. " A wise man such as yourself can surely see the colors and sheen of this magical cloth." "Of course I can," said the Emperor, wondering why he could not. "It's beautiful. Simply enchanting. When can my outfit be made? Send for the royal tailors!" "Your Majesty," said the two weavers. "We would be delighted to make your outfit for you. There is no need to trouble your hard-working tailor. It is such a difficult fabric to cut and sew. We will make the suit." "Very well," said the Emperor. "First fitting tomorrow."

　　The courtiers had followed the Emperor, and they now came into the room. Of course, they could see nothing on the loom for there was nothing to see. "Is it not beautiful?" said one of the weavers. "Of course, only the wise and very clever can see the beauty of the cloth. Look at the colors, feel the weight." The courtiers queued up to look at the colors and feel the weight, and each went away exclaiming over the marvelous cloth which was indeed as light as air. But each courtier secretly wondered if they were really stupid, as they had seen nothing at all. The two weavers then set to work as tailors. They muttered and discussed at the Emperor's fittings, stitching here, cutting there until at last the suit was made.

　　The following day was the day of the parade. "Am I not the handsomest of men in my marvellous suit?" said the Emperor to the Chamberlain, as he showed off his new outfit. "Just look at the tiny stitches and the lacework. Truly marvelous." "Undoubtedly, sir," said the Chamberlain. "There is no outfit on earth to equal this one."

　　The Emperor was dressed in his new suit and ready for the parade. News of his amazing outfit had reached the people of the town and all wanted to see him. There were people crowded along the sides of the streets.

　　The parade began!

　　People gasped. "What a suit!" they cried. "What suit?" asked a small boy, who had not heard of the magical cloth. "The Emperor has no clothes on at all!" "It's true! No clothes! The Emperor is naked!" the people cried. And the Emperor was very ashamed. He had been so vain, and now he had been made to look a fool. As for the two tailors -- they were in fact thieves, and had long since left the town with their bags of gold. Probably laughing all the way! But the Emperor is a wiser man now, and spends a lot more time with his advisors and far less with his tailors.

I. Translation for Reference(参考译文)

皇帝的新衣

　　从前有一个国王很喜欢穿新衣服，差不多每过一个钟头就要换一件。因为这个缘故，他差不多把所有的钱都花在买衣服上了。他不关心他的士兵，也不愿意到哪儿去玩儿，成天地的催着大臣去给他找最新奇的衣服，想着怎么夸耀他的新衣服。别国的人民谈到他们的国王，都是说："他在开会。"可是在这个国家里，大家总是说："他在换衣服。"

　　有一天，有两个骗子来到这个国家。这两个骗子化装成织布匠去见国王，说他们能织出世界上谁也没见过的一种布。

　　"国王"，一个骗子说："这种布不但是图案非常美丽，而且有一个特色，就是非常愚蠢的人，或能力跟他的职位不相配的人看不见。"

　　"织这种布很费事。"另一个骗子说："不过，我们愿意替你织。"

　　过了一些日子，国王心想："不知道他们两个把布织得怎么样了？"

　　他很想去看看，可是他一想到愚蠢的人或才能跟职位不配的人看不见这种布的事，心里又有点不安。"对了，"国王自言自语地说："最好先派我的宰相去看看。他的学问和才能都比别人高。此外他对我又是最诚实的，从来没说过谎话。派他去看，是再可靠也没有了。"

　　忠诚的宰相走进了织布机房。两个骗子指着空空的织布机，问他这种花样儿好看吗？那种颜色美丽吗？

　　宰相看不见织布机上有什么，但是他不愿意让国王认为他是个愚蠢的人，不配做宰相。所以他说："嗯，好极子，这种花样儿太美了，那种颜色真好看。我要告诉国王，说你们织的这种布是我从来没见过的，最新奇的布！"

　　又过了些日子，国王派了他的侍从官到织布房去看。

　　侍从官所看到的情形跟宰相看到的一样，织布机上连一根丝也没有。"啊，我一定是不配做侍从官。"他想，"真糟糕！不过我不能让国王知道我的能力不够。"因此他也称赞这两个骗子织的布非常好看，回去以后就对国王说："国王，你见了一定会喜欢。那种布太美丽了！"

　　布终于织好了。两个骗子把布拿来给国王看。国王张大了眼睛也看不见布，只能看到装布的空盒子。"是怎么回事儿？"国王想，"我什么也看不见。难道我是愚蠢的人，不配做国王？……."他想了一会儿，高兴地宣布说："这块布真是好看极了，是世界上最新奇的布！"他的侍从官和宰相也表示同意他的说法，并且建议他做成衣服来穿。

　　国王高兴地给了骗子许多钱，要他们用这块布给他做一套衣服，准备在举行游行大会的那一天穿。两个骗子日夜赶工，把衣服做好了。

　　他们请国王脱光衣服，然后做出拿着新衣服给国王穿的样子，说："看，这是内衣。这是衬衫。这是外套。这种美丽的布像蜘蛛网一样轻巧。穿了就跟没穿一样儿。不过，这正是这种布的特点。"

　　游行的时侯到了，全城的人都争着来看国王的新衣服。他们个个都说："我们国王的新衣服好漂亮啊！世界上再也没这种漂亮、高贵的衣服了！"

　　国王越来越高兴。可是就在他最得意的时後，人群突然有一个小孩儿叫了起来："国王明明光着屁股嘛！他身上什么都没穿！"小孩儿一直跟妈妈吵闹着：为什么你们都没看见吗？明明就是没穿衣服，为何一直称赞国王的衣服呢？

　　大家听了这个小孩儿的话会怎么想呢？

　　最后，就是大家哄堂大笑了起来～～猜到了没有？

II. Exercise Choose the correct answer to the following questions.

1. What or who did the Emperor really think about?

A. His subject（臣民）.

B. His money.

C. His wife.

D. His clothes.

2. What did the two weavers travel to the Emperor's city for?

A. Fooling the Emperor.

B. Doing something good for the Emperor.

C. Just touring there.

D. Doing some business.

3. What did the weavers say about making the cloth?

A. Very complex.

B. Very expensive.

C. Very easy.

D. Very cheap.

4. When they need any money for making the clothes, who would they go to see?

A. The Emperor.

B. No one.

C. The Chamberlain.

D. Solve the problem by themselves.

5. Who went to the weavers' loom first?

A. The Chamberlain.

B. A servant.

C. The Emperor.

D. The courtiers.

6. Who could really see the clothes?

A. The Emperor.

B. The courtiers.

C. The Chamberlain.

D. No one.

7. What did the Chamberlain say about the clothes during the day of parade?

A. Truly marvelous.

B. Just so so.

C. Very neat.

D. No comment.

8. Who told the truth finally?

A. The Chamberlain.

B. The courtiers.

C. A small boy.

D. A old woman.

III. New Words and Expressions 生词和词组

vain a. 空虚的

chamber n. 房间

weaver n. 织布者

fabrics n. 织物

shimmer v. 闪烁

lustre n. 光泽

sheen n. 光泽

stitch v. 缝合

Key to Exercise(练习答案)

1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.A 8.C

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 更多故事

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Knock your socks off

Knock your socks off，"把你的袜子打掉"。如果连袜子都被人打掉了，那打得可真是不轻呦。由此可见，knock your socks off演变成"绝对性的胜利"的意思也就顺理成章了。

Knock your socks off在19世纪中期第一次出现，意思是"痛打、征服某人"，主要用在拳击比赛中，形容比赛的激烈程度。虽然把对手的袜子打掉的情况还不多见，但当时的拳击手都报有"把对方的袜子打掉"的斗志，所以knock your socks off在当时的拳击界是一个非常流行的用语。

后来，knock your socks off就逐渐扩展为一般意义上的"绝对性的胜利"。由这个词组又派生出词组to have one's socks knocked off，意思是"感到惊讶、高兴、印象深刻"。

和sock连用的词组还有：

pull one's socks up（努力提高自己的成绩）

put a sock in it（安静、别出声）

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 更多内容

　　Scientists in Canada have discovered that mice could be capable of showing empathy for each other.

　　The discovery was made during experiments in which well-acquainted mice were caused to suffer pain together. The findings have been published in the latest issue of New Scientist magazine.

　　In one experiment two mice were fed vinegar, which caused mild stomach-ache for around 30 minutes making the creatures wriggle in discomfort.

　　Researchers at the McGill University observed that cage-mates that had previously spent time together wriggled more, and seemed to synchronize their wriggling.

　　But in tests where the mice were strangers to each other, they displayed few signs of pain.

　　It is thought that this masking of pain is done to avoid revealing vulnerability to a potential rival.

Noteempathy：移情作用　　well-acquainted ：很熟，在一起很长时间的　　wriggle：扭动

vulnerability：弱点

　　The same happened in another test in which a chemical was used to cause mild inflammation of a paw, the researchers said. They found that the mice had to see each other's sufferings for the effect to kick in. The pheromones that enable recognition also played a role, the scientists added.

　　They said the reactions should not be mistaken for sympathy, which requires consciousness of another's suffering.

　　The reactions are a kind of "empathy", which is akin to collective yawning in humans and perhaps goes further down the physiological tree than had been previously thought, the researchers said.

Noteinflammation：发炎　　paw：爪子　　pheromones：（生化）信息素　　

akin：同族的，类似的

中文参考：

　　加拿大专家说，在一个笼子中生活过的两只老鼠，能相互"传染"它们所感受到的痛苦，这种现象与某人打哈欠可能会"传染"旁人类似。

　　据最新一期英国《新科学家》杂志报道，加拿大麦吉尔大学的研究人员报告说，他们进行了一项给老鼠喂醋的实验，醋可使老鼠胃部感觉轻微不适达３０分钟左右，使它们因不舒服而开始扭动。

　　研究人员发现，如果两只老鼠互不相识并同时被喂醋，它们并不会扭动得很厉害，这可能是为了避免在潜在对手面前暴露自身的弱点。但如果两只老鼠曾生活在一个笼子里，彼此熟识，那么在同时喂醋后，它们会扭动得较为剧烈，看上去它们的扭动像是在无意识的彼此影响下同步进行。

　　研究人员强调说，老鼠的这种反应不能被理解为它们有同情心，而应视为"移情作用"的体现，这类似于某些人看到别人打哈欠时，自己也会不自觉地打哈欠一样。这一实验说明，能被"移情作用"影响的物种可能远比研究人员想象的要多

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 更多

英：

　　In this conversation, Douglas Winters, head of Customer Relations for a large department store, is discussing some customer issues with Howard Mendell, a staff member.

　　Douglas: I called you in because I've been hearing about too many customer complaints recently, even from some of our most loyal customers. What do you know about this, Howard?

　　Howard: We've had a lot of problems with certain items from a new manufacturer. We've handled it according to the store policy of giving a refund or an exchange. Feedback from our staff indicates some customers think our quality control is lax.

　　Douglas: From their point of view, they're right! It's not our fault, of course, but what are we doing about it? Has there been any follow-up on this issue?

　　Howard: We've contacted Purchasing, and they're dealing with the manufacturer right now.

　　Douglas: That's not good enough! If we've had that many complaints, let's get the products taken off the shelves until the manufacturer cleans up their act.

　　Howard: Alright. I'll talk to the department manager about it. Shouldn't be a problem, but it'll probably take them a day or two to restock the empty space.

　　Douglas: That's okay. Let's be pro-active with the customers who bought those products.Send them a discount coupon for their next store purchase. And let's touch bases with our other recent customers to make sure that they're satisfied with our customer policies.

　　Howard: I'll get on it right away.

　　Douglas: OK.Thanks, Howard.

中：

　　在以下的一段对话中，Douglas Winters是一家百货公司的客户服务部经理，他正在和他的一名属下Howard Mendell讨论一些客户事宜：

　　Douglas: 我把你叫进来是因为最近我听到不少顾客对我们工作的抱怨，甚至有一些是从我们最忠实的顾客那里传来的。Howard，你是怎么看的？

　　Howard: 我们从一个新厂商那儿进的一些货确实有一些问题。我们已经根据公司政策进行了合理的退换。从我们职员那里得来的反馈也表明顾客认为我们对商品质量把关不严。

　　Douglas: 从顾客的立场来想，顾客是没有错的。当然这也不是我们的错。问题是，接下来我们在做了什么了吗？

　　Howard: 我们已经联络采购部，他们也正在和供应商讨论相关事宜。

　　Douglas:那还不够！既然我们已经听到那么多的不满，我们就必须立即把那些商品撤出货架，直到供应商确保其商品合格才能上架。

　　Howard: 好的。我会和采购部经理商讨此事。这应该没有问题，不过要把空下来的货架装上货还得花一两天。

　　Douglas:那很好。我们必须积极主动地与购买了那些不合格商品的顾客取得联系，并寄一张下次购物使用的优惠券。我们还必须取得和新顾客之间的情感联系，以确保他们对我们客服工作满意。

　　Howard: 我马上去办。

　　Douglas:好的。谢谢你，Howard。

　　 更多内容

That you were once unkind befriends me now,

And for that sorrow which I then did feel

Needs must I under my transgression bow,

Unless my nerves were brass or hammer'd steel.

For if you were by my unkindness shaken

As I by yours, you've pass'd a hell of time,

And I, a tyrant, have no leisure taken

To weigh how once I suffered in your crime.

O, that our night of woe might have remember'd

My deepest sense, how hard true sorrow hits,

And soon to you, as you to me, then tender'd

The humble slave which wounded bosoms fits!

　But that your trespass now becomes a fee;

　Mine ransoms yours, and yours must ransom me.

你对我狠过心反而于我有利：

想起你当时使我受到的痛创，

我只好在我的过失下把头低，

既然我的神经不是铜或精钢。

因为，你若受过我狠心的摇撼，

像我所受的，该熬过多苦的日子！

可是我这暴君从没有抽过闲

来衡量你的罪行对我的打击！

哦，但愿我们那悲怛之夜能使我

牢牢记住真悲哀打击得多惨，

我就会立刻递给你，像你递给我，

那抚慰碎了的心的微贱药丹。

　　但你的罪行现在变成了保证，

　　我赎你的罪，你也赎我的败行。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 更多内容

Shall We Choose Death?

Bertrand Russell伯特兰?罗素 December 30, 1954

　　I am speaking not as a Briton, not as a European, not as a member of a western democracy, but as a human being, a member of the species Man, whose continued existence is in doubt. The world is full of conflicts: Jews and Arabs; Indians and Pakistanis; white men and Negroes in Africa; and, overshadowing all minor conflicts, the titanic struggle between communism and anticommunism.

　　Almost everybody who is politically conscious has strong feelings about one or more of these issues; but I want you, if you can, to set aside such feelings for the moment and consider yourself only as a member of a biological species which has had a remarkable history and whose disappearance none of us can desire. I shall try to say no single word which should appeal to one group rather than to another. All, equally, are in peril, and, if the peril is understood, there is hope that they may collectively avert it. We have to learn to think in a new way. We have to learn to ask ourselves not what steps can be taken to give military victory to whatever group we prefer, for there no longer are such steps. The question we have to ask ourselves is: What steps can be taken to prevent a military contest of which the issue must be disastrous to all sides?

　　The general public, and even many men in positions of authority, have not realized what would be involved in a war with hydrogen bombs. The general public still thinks in terms of the obliteration of cities. It is understood that the new bombs are more powerful than the old and that, while one atomic bomb could obliterate Hiroshima, one hydrogen bomb could obliterate the largest cities such as London, New York, and Moscow. No doubt in a hydrogen-bomb war great cities would be obliterated. But this is one of the minor disasters that would have to be faced. If everybody in London, New York, and Moscow were exterminated, the world might, in the course of a few centuries, recover from the blow. But we now know, especially since the Bikini test, that hydrogen bombs can gradually spread destruction over a much wider area than had been supposed. It is stated on very good authority that a bomb can now be manufactured which will be 25,000 times as powerful as that which destroyed Hiroshima. Such a bomb, if exploded near the ground or under water, sends radioactive particles into the upper air. They sink gradually and reach the surface of the earth in the form of a deadly dust or rain. It was this dust which infected the Japanese fishermen and their catch of fish although they were outside what American experts believed to be the danger zone. No one knows how widely such lethal radioactive particles might be diffused, but the best authorities are unanimous in saying that a war with hydrogen bombs is quite likely to put an end to the human race. It is feared that if many hydrogen bombs are used there will be universal death - sudden only for a fortunate minority, but for the majority a slow torture of disease and disintegration...

　　Here, then, is the problem which I present to you, stark and dreadful and inescapable: Shall we put an end to the human race1 or shall mankind renounce war? People will not face this alternative because it is so difficult to abolish war. The abolition of war will demand distasteful limitations of national sovereignty. But what perhaps impedes understanding of the situation more than anything else is that the term 'mankind' feels vague and abstract. People scarcely realize in imagination that the danger is to themselves and their children and their grandchildren, and not only to a dimly apprehended humanity' And so they hope that perhaps war may be allowed to continue provided modern weapons are prohibited. I am afraid this hope is illusory. Whatever agreements not to use hydrogen bombs had been reached in time of peace, they would no longer be considered binding in time of war, and both sides would set to work to manufacture hydrogen bombs as soon as war broke out, for if one side manufactured the bombs and the other did not, the side that manufactured them would inevitably be victorious...

　　As geological time is reckoned, Man has so far existed only for a very short period one million years at the most. What he has achieved, especially during the last 6,000 years, is something utterly new in the history of the Cosmos, so far at least as we are acquainted with it. For countless ages the sun rose and set, the moon waxed and waned, the stars shone in the night, but it was only with the coming of Man that these things were understood. In the great world of astronomy and in the little world of the atom, Man has unveiled secrets which might have been thought undiscoverable. In art and literature and religion, some men have shown a sublimity of feeling which makes the species worth preserving. Is all this to end in trivial horror because so few are able to think of Man rather than of this or that group of men? Is our race so destitute of wisdom, so incapable of impartial love, so blind even to the simplest dictates of self-preservation, that the last proof of its silly cleverness is to be the extermination of all life on our planet? - for it will be not only men who will perish, but also the animals, whom no one can accuse of communism or anticommunism.

　　I cannot believe that this is to be the end. I would have men forget their quarrels for a moment and reflect that, if they will allow themselves to survive, there is every reason to expect the triumphs of the future to exceed immeasurably the triumphs of the past. There lies before us, if we choose, continual progress in happiness, knowledge, and wisdom. Shall we, instead, choose death, because we cannot forget our quarrels? I appeal, as a human being to human beings: remember your humanity, and forget the rest. If you can do so, the way lies open to a new Paradise; if you cannot, nothing lies before you but universal death.

　　我不是作为一个英国人、一个欧洲人、一个西方民主国家的一员，而是作为一个人，作为不知是否还能继续生存下去的人类的一员在讲演。世界充满了争斗：犹太人和阿拉伯人；印度人和巴勒斯坦人；非洲的白人和黑人；以及使所有的小冲突都相形见绌的共产主义和反共产主义之间的大搏斗。

　　差不多每个有政治意识的人都对这类问题怀有强烈的感受；但是我希望你们，如果你们能够的话，把这份感受暂搁一边，并把自己只看作一种具有非凡历史、谁也不希望它灭亡的生物的一员。可能会迎合一群人而冷落另一群人的词语，我将努力一个字都不说。所有的人，不分彼此，都处在危险之中；如果大家都看到了这种危险，那么就有希望联合起来避开它。我们必须学习新的思想方法。我们必须学习不自问能采取什么措施来使我们所喜欢的人群获得军事上的胜利，因为不再有这样的措施。我们必须自问的问题是：能采取什么措施来避免必然会给各方造成灾难的军事竞赛？

　　普通群众，甚至许多当权人士，不清楚一场氢弹战所包含的会是什么。普通群众仍旧从城市的毁灭上思考问题。不言而喻，新炸弹比旧炸弹更具威力--一颗原弹能毁灭广岛，而一颗氢弹能毁灭像伦敦、纽约和菲斯科这样的大都市。毫无疑问，一场氢弹战将会毁灭大城市。但这只是世界必须面对的小灾难中的一个。假如化敦人、纽约人和莫斯科人都灭绝了，世界可能要经过几个世纪才能从这场灾难中恢复过来。而我们现在，尤其是从比基尼核试验以来很清楚：氢弹能够逐渐把破坏力扩散到一个比预料要广大得多的地区。据非常权威的人士说，现在能够制造出一种炸弹，其威力比毁灭广岛的炸弹大2.5万倍。这种炸弹如果在近地或水下爆炸，会把放射性微粒送入高层大气。这些微粒逐渐降落，呈有毒灰尘或毒雨的状态到达地球表面。正是这种灰尘使日本渔民和他们所捕获的鱼受到了感染，尽管他们并不在美国专家所确认的危险区之内。没有人知道这种致命的放射性微粒怎么会传播得这么广，但是这个领域的最高权威一致表示：一场氢弹战差不多就是灭绝人类的代名词。如果许多氢弹被使用，死神恐怕就会降临全球--只有少数幸运者才会突然死亡，大多数人却须忍受疾病和解体的慢性折磨……

　　这里，我要向你提起一个直率的、令人不快而又无法回避的问题：我们该消灭人类，还是人类该抛弃战争？人们不愿面对这个抉择，因为消灭战争太难了。消灭战争要求限制国家主权，这令人反感。然而"人类"这个专门名词给人们的感觉是模糊、抽象的，它可能比任何其他东西都更容易妨碍认识这种形势。人们几乎没有用自己的想象力去认识这种危险不仅指向他们所模模糊糊理解的人类，而且指向他们自己和他们的子子孙孙。于是他们相信只要禁止使用现代武器，也许可以允许战争继续下去。恐怕这个愿望只是幻想。任何不使用氢弹的协定是在和平时期达成的，在战争时期这种协定就被认为是没有约束力的，一旦战争爆发，双方就会着手制造氢弹，因为如果一方制造氢弹而另一方不造的话，造氢弹的一方必然会取胜……

　　按照地质年代来计算，人类到目前为止只存在了一个极短的时期--最多100万年。在至少就我们所了解的宇宙而言，人类在特别是最近6000年里所达到的认识，在宇宙史上是一些全新的东西。太阳升升落落，月亮盈盈亏亏，夜空星光闪烁，无数岁月就这样过去了，只是到人类出现以后，这些才被理解。在天文学的宏观世界和原子的微观世界，人类揭示了原先可能认为无法提示的秘密。在艺术、文学和宗教领域里，一些人显示了一种崇高的感情，它使人们懂得人类是值得保全的。难道因为很少有人能考虑整个人类多于这个或那个人群，这一切就会在毫无价值的恐怖行动中结束吗？人类是否如此缺少智慧，如此缺少无私的爱，如此盲目，甚至连自我保存的最简单命令都听不见，以致要用灭绝地球上的所有生命来最后证明它那缺乏理智的小聪明？--因为不驻人会被消灭，而且动物也会被消灭，没有人能指责它们是共产主义或反共产主义。

　　我无法相信结局会是这样。人们如果想让自己生存下去，他们就应暂时忘掉争吵，进行反省，人们有千万条理由期待未来的成就极大地超过以往的成就，如果让我们选择，那么擂在我们面前的有幸福、知识和智慧的持续增长。我们能因为无法忘掉争吵而舍此去选择死亡吗？作为一个人，我向所有的人呼吁：记住你们的人性，忘掉其余的一切。如果你们能这样做，通向一个新的天堂的路就畅通无阻；如果你们做不到这一点，摆在你们面前的就只有全世界的毁灭。

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1）child---children　foot---feet　tooth---teeth

　　mouse---mice　　　man---men　 woman---women　

注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。

　如： an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。

2）单复同形　如：

　　deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese

　　li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin　

　　但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:

a dollar, two dollars;　 a meter, two meters

3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。

　　　如： people　police　cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说

a person，a policeman，a head of cattle,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。

　　　如： The Chinese are industries and brave.　中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。

4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：

　　 a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。

　　 b. news 是不可数名词。

　　 c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。

　　　The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。

　　 d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。

　　　"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book.

　　　<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。

5) 表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses (眼镜)　trousers,　clothes

　　　 若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双);　suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers

6） 另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼　　　

　　 更多语法知识