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| 美文欣赏－The Rose |
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The old lady had always been proud of the great rose-tree in her garden, and was fond of telling how it had grown from a cutting she had brought years before from Italy, when she was first married. She and her husband had been travelling back in their carriage from Rome ( it was before the time of railways ) and on a bad piece of road south of Siena they had broken down, and had been forced to pass the night in a little house by the road-side. The accommodation was wretched of course; she had spent a sleepless night, and rising early had stood, wrapped up, at her window, with the cool air blowing on her face, to watch the dawn. She could still, after all these years, remember the blue mountains with the bright moon above them, and how a far-off town on one of the peaks had gradually grown whiter and whiter, till the moon faded, the mountains were touched with the pink of the rising sun, and suddenly the town was lit as by an illumination, one window after another catching and reflecting the sun's beam, till at last the whole little city twinkled and sparkled up in the sky like a nest of stars.
That morning, finding they would have to wait while their carriage was being repaired, they had driven in a local conveyance up to the city on the mountain, where they had been told they would find better quarters; and there they had stayed two or three days. It was one of the miniature Italian cities with a high church, a pretentious piazza, a few narrow streets and little palaces, perched, all compact and complete, on the top of a mountain, within and enclosure of walls hardly larger than an English kitchen garden. But it was full of life and nose, echoing all day and all night with the sounds of feet and voices.
The Cafe of the simple inn where they stayed was the meeting place of the notabilities of the little city; the Sindaco, the avvocato, the doctor, and a few others; and among them they noticed a beautiful, slim, talkative old man, with bright black eyes and snow-white hair - tall and straight and still with the figure of a youth, although the waiter told them with pride that the Conte was molto vecchio - would in fact be eightey in the following year. He was the last of his family, the waiter added - they had once been great and rich people - but he had no descendants; in fact the waiter mentioned with complacency, as if it were a story on which the locality prided itself, that the Conte had been unfortunate in love, and had never married.
The old gentleman, however, seemed cheerful enough; and it was plain that he took an interest in the strangers, and wished to make their acquaintance. This was soon effected by the friendly waiter; and after a little talk the old man invited them to visit his villa and garden which were just outside the walls of the town. So the next afternoon, when the sun began to descend, and they saw in glimpses through door-ways and windows, blue shadows beginning to spread over the brown mountains, they went to pay their visit. It was not much of a place, a small, modernized, stucco villa, with a hot pebbly garden, and in it a stone basin with torpid gold-fish, and a statue of Diana and her hounds against the wall. But what gave a glory to it was a gigantic rose-tree which clambered over the house, almost smothering the windows, and filling the air with the perfume of its sweetness. Yes, it was a fine rose, the Conte said proudly when they praised it, and he would tell the Signora about it. And as they sat there, drinking the wine he offered them, he alluded with the cheerful indifference of old age to his love-affair, as though he took for granted that they had heard of it already.
"The lady lived across the valley there beyond that hill. I was a young man then, for it was many years ago. I used to ride over to see her; it was a long way, but I rode fast, for young men, as no doubt the Signora knows, are impatient. But the lady was not kind, she would keep me waiting, oh, for hours; and one day when I had waited very long I grew very angry, and as I walked up and down in the garden where she had told me she would see me, I broke one of her roses, broke a branch from it ; and when I saw what I had done, I hid it inside my coat - so -; and when I came home I planted it, and the Signora sees how it has grown. If the Signora admires it, I must give her a cutting to plant also in her garden; I am told the English have beautiful gardens that are green, and not burnt with the sun like ours."
The next day, when their mended carriage had come up to fetch them, and they were just starting to drive away from the inn, the Conte's old servant appeared with the rose-cutting neatly wrapped up, and the compliments and wishes for a buon viaggio from her master. The town collected to see them depart, and the children heard a rush of feet behind them for a few moments, but soon they were far down towards the valley; the little town with all its noise and life was high above them on its mountain peak.
She had planted the rose at home, where it had grown and flourished in a wonderful manner; and every June the great mass of leaves and shoots still broke out into a passionate splendour of scent and crimson colour, as if in its root and fibres there still burnt the anger and thwarted desire of that Italian lover. Of course the old Conte must have died many years ago; she had forgotten his name, and had even forgotten the name of the mountain city that she had stayed in, after first seeing it twinkling at dawn in the sky, like a nest of stars.
Siena: 意大利城镇名
piazza: 特指意大利都市中的广场或市场
Sindaco: 意语，市长
avvocato: 意语，律师
Conte: 意语，伯爵
molto vecchio: 意语，very old
Signora：意语，夫人
buon viaggio: =good journey.
参考译文：
老太太一直为她园中那株蔷薇树感到骄傲，好对人讲，这树是怎么从一根由意大利带回的枝条上长起来的，那是好多年以前的事，那时她刚结婚。 她和她丈夫正从罗马乘坐马车回国（那时还没有火车），一天在辛拿城南一段崎岖的路上，车子出了毛病，不得已只好暂时到路边一所小宅院去过夜。 设备当然是简陋极了；她度过了一个不眠之夜，次日很早起身，披衣凝立窗前，在拂面的习习晨风中，注视天色破晓。 虽然事隔多年，她仍然记得青山让一轮皓月，远山之颠的一座城镇，逐渐泛白，继而月落，山边为徐徐升起的朝阳染成绯红；不久，城镇恍然似为巨焰所映，斗然大亮，窗扉一扇扇在朝霞的照耀下，光晶泛彩。 最后整个小城在天宇之间闪烁辉耀起来，宛若一团星群。
由于修车尚待时日，那天早上他们便搭乘当地车辆去了那座山城，那里据说可以觅到较好住处；他们在那里逗留了两三天。 那座城是典型意大利式的小城，有一座高耸的教堂，一个矜饰的广场，几条狭窄的街道，几所矮小的楼房，紧凑齐全，毕集于一座山头之上，周围还有城墙环绕，占地比一个英国的家厨菜园也大不许多。 然而这里却充满生机，非常热闹，轮蹄喧哗，彻夜不休。
他们下榻的一家普通旅店中的餐馆为城中名流聚会之地；包括市长，律师，医生，以及一些其他人物；这些人中他们遇见了一位风姿翩翩，消瘦健谈的老人，乌黑的眸子炯炯有神，头发已经雪白 -- 他的体格修长挺立，仍然具有年轻人的身段，虽然侍者骄傲地对他们讲，这位伯爵已经molto vecchio （年纪很大）了 -- 实际上翌年即满八十。 他是他家族的最后一人，侍者补充到 -- 他家曾经是富贵望族 -- 但他没有后代；伯爵在爱情上受过挫折，并从此未曾结婚，云云。 实际上侍者提及此事时面有得意之色，仿佛这是当地人民引以为荣的一段故事。
这为老先生兴致很高；显然他对这两位陌生人很感兴趣，并愿意结识他们。 这事随即由友好的侍者促成；于是，在一次短暂的交谈之后，老人便邀请他们去他的别墅与花园做客，地址即在城墙之外不远的地方。 于是次日下午，当夕阳开始西沉，门窗启处，兰色暗影已渐渐笼罩棕褐的山岭时，他们遂欣然命驾。 那里地势局促 -- 一座不大的现代式灰墁别墅而外，另有一个炎澳的软石路面的花园，石砌水池之中浮游着一些懒散的金鱼，池旁靠墙处并有一尊女猎神及其猎犬的雕像等等。 但是足为这小园增色的是其中一巨株蔷薇，树身过屋，绿荫翳窗，使院中沁满浓香。 的确，这是一株不错的蔷薇，伯爵听了客人夸奖之后得意地说，并说他乐意把树的来历讲给夫人听听。 于是当他们坐定之后，一边饮着酒时，他便以老年人满不在乎的欣然神情，略微提了提他的一段旧情，仿佛他相信他们对此一定早有所闻似的。
"女士就住在青山背后的河谷对岸。 那时我还是个少年，因为这已是多年前的事了。 我常常骑马过去看她；路途不近，但我骑得很快，这点夫人当然理解，年轻人总是性急的。 但这位女士心地不善良，喜欢叫人等个不休，往往一等就是几个小时；一天，我因为等得过久而生气起来。 当我在她叫我等她的那个花园中踱来踱去时，我折了她的一朵，应该说一枝，蔷薇；当我发现自己做了这么一件事时，我便把那枝蔷薇藏在外衣里面 -- 就像这样 --；回来以后我就把它种上，而夫人也已看到，它长得多好。 如果夫人喜爱的话，我当然要奉赠一枝，好把它栽在园里；听说英国人的花园非常美丽，青葱翠绿，不象我们此地给太阳晒得那么燥热。"
第二天，修好了的马车来迎接他们。 正当他们即将离开旅社之际，伯爵的老仆赶来，奉上包扎精致的蔷薇枝条一束，并代其主人转致一路平安之意。 城中的人也都跑来向他们道别，儿童尾随在车子后面，一直跟出城外。 他们听见车后的脚步声乱哄了一阵，但不久车子已经往下走了很远，进入河谷地带，而这座喧闹的山顶小城则早已高高地在他们头顶之上了。
她把蔷薇栽在家中，蔷薇长得枝遂叶茂，十分美丽；每逢六月到来，浓碧的枝叶丛中，猩红馥郁，蔚成一派情如火灼的奇观，仿佛它的根茎之间依旧燃烧着那位意大利情人的愤怒与郁悒。 当然那老伯爵此时肯定早已去世多年；而她也记不起他的名字，甚至连她所住过的那座山城叫什么名字，她也都记不起了，虽然她曾经在拂晓之时看它在空中闪烁发光，宛若一团星群。
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| 想笑就笑－Older Goats in America（美国老羊） |
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A group of Americans were traveling by tour bus through Holland. As they stopped at a cheese farm, a young guide led them through the process of cheese making, explaining that goats' milk was used.
She showed the group a lovely hillside where many goats were grazing. These, she explained, were the older goats put out to pasture when they no longer produced. She then asked, "What do you do with your older goats in America?"
A spry old gentleman answered, "They send us on bus tours!"
Notes:
(1) hillside n. 山坡
(2) graze v.（指牛羊等）吃青草
(3) put out 把…送到外面去
(4) pasture n.牧场
(5) spry adj.活泼的
Exercises:
根据短文判断下列句子正（T）、（F）：
① The group of Americans were traveling by train.
② They visited a cheese farm.
③ The young guide told them that cattle milk was used to make cheese.
④ Older goats were put out to pasture when they no longer produced milk.
⑤ The old gentleman was making a joke.
96.美国老羊
一群美国人乘长途汽车在荷兰旅游。他们在一个奶酪场停下来。一位年轻的导游带他们参观了奶酪制作的全过程，解释说用的是羊奶。
她指给这群人一个美丽的山坡，山坡上许多羊在吃草。对这些，她解释说，是放逐草地的老羊，它们已不能再产奶。她然后问道："在美国你们怎样处理老羊呢？"
一位活泼的老绅士回答说："他们让我们乘车旅行！"
练习参考答案：
①F②T③F④T⑤T
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| 寓言故事－The Ant and the Chrysalis |
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An Ant nimbly running about in the sunshine in search of food came across a Chrysalis that was very near its time of change. The Chrysalis moved its tail, and thus attracted the attention of the Ant,who then saw for the first time that it was alive. "Poor, pitiable animal!" cried the Ant disdainfully. "What a sad fate is yours! While I can run hither and thither, at my pleasure, and, if I wish,ascend the tallest tree, you lie imprisoned here in your shell, with power only to move a joint or two of your scaly tail." The Chrysalis heard all this, but did not try to make any reply. A few days after,when the Ant passed that way again, nothing but the shell remained.Wondering what had become of its contents, he felt himself suddenly shaded and fanned by the gorgeous wings of a beautiful Butterfly."Behold in me," said the Butterfly, "your much-pitied friend! Boast now of your powers to run and climb as long as you can get me to listen." So saying, the Butterfly rose in the air, and, borne along and aloft on the summer breeze, was soon lost to the sight of the Ant forever.
"Appearances are deceptive."
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| 节日大观－December:各国圣诞风俗大比拼 |
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圣诞节虽然是西方的一个重要节日。但是随着西方文化的传播，越来越多的中国人开始接受并且喜欢上这个节日。圣诞节如此受人们欢迎是为什么呢？你想不想知道各个国家的人们是如果看待圣诞节以及渡过的吗？希望了解更多，就往下看吧!!!
Christmas was brought into China several years ago and only celebrated by a few people to begin with but it is now almost universally accepted.
In China, Christmas has been well received because the people already enjoyed giving gifts to each other.
Santa Claus has been easily accepted by Chinese people - a kindly man who carries a huge pack with red hat and black boots.
In England
Christmas is celebrated on December 25th.
Children write letters to Santa detailing their requests for Christmas gifts.
Gifts are traditionally opened on Christmas afternoon.
Stockings are hung up and filled with small gifts, fruit and nuts.
Christmas carols were first sung.
People like to kiss under the mistletoe.
Boxing Day is a unique holiday for this country. Boxing Day was traditionally a day for giving to the less fortunate.
Christmas dinner is usually a Roast Turkey with Christmas pudding and mince pies for dessert.
Christmas decorations must be taken down on the Twelfth Day after Christmas otherwise it brings bad luck for the rest of the year.
Santa is known as Father Christmas.
In Australia
It never snows at Christmas.
Christmas is in the summer holiday.
Christmas is always early.
A traditional Christmas dinner is often held in the backyard for BBQ's, picnics in the garden or even on the beach.
A typical Christmas menu could include cold meats, pasta, salads and fruit.
Santa is also known as the Swag Man.
The first official Christmas was on December 25th 1788.
We do not follow the American ritual of having real Christmas trees.
There is a harmonious mix of ethnic groups, so there are many culturally diverse Christmas celebrations.
People call the Christmas season the "silly season".
The Christmas season officially begins on December 8th.
Christmas Eve is known as the "Good Night". It is a time for family members to gather together to rejoice and feast around the Nativity scenes that are present in nearly every home.
A traditional Christmas treat is turron, a kind of almond candy.
December 28 is the feast of the Holy Innocents. Young boys of a town or village light bonfires and one of them acts as the mayor who orders townspeople to perform civic chores such as sweeping the streets.
Refusal to comply results in fines which are used to pay for the celebration.
Children receive gifts on January 6th - the feast of the Epiphany.
Children leave their shoes on the windowsills and fill them with straw, carrots, and barley for the horses of the Wise Men.
Their children's favorite Wise Man is Balthazar who rides a donkey and is the one believed to leave the gifts.
People say "Feliz Navidad" for Merry Christmas.
Santa Claus is called Papa Noel and some children will also receive presents from him on December 24th.
In Russia
St. Nicholas is extremely popular.
St.Nicholas is also known as Grandfather Frost.
New Year Day is the main holiday.
Father Frost delivers presents on New Years Eve.
Traditionally a figure called Babushka gave gifts to the children. Babushka is an old woman or grandmother with a headscarf tied under the chin.
Christmas is celebrated on January 7th.
Christmas day begins at midnight with churches ringing in the day with magnificent choral chanting.
Christmas Eve dinner does not contain any meat.
People eat a special porridge called "Kutya." This is made of wheat berries or other grains, which symbolize hope and immortality, and honey and poppy seeds, which ensure happiness, success, and untroubled rest.
A ceremony involving the blessing of the home is frequently observed. A priest visits the home accompanied by boys carrying vessels of holy water, and a little water is sprinkled in each room.
In Germany
They hold special markets every December that specialize in selling decorations and other Christmas related paraphernalia.
The people make and drink a spiced wine, which is called "mulled wine" in English and "Gluhwein" in their own language.
One of the famous traditional Christmas toys is the Nutcracker doll that now comes in many different styles.
The "Advent Calendar" originated here and is now used by children in many other countries that celebrate Christmas.
The Advent Calendar is used for counting down the days to Christmas and has twenty-four little doors with a picture and sometimes chocolate behind each one.
Children leave out a sock on December 6th for Saint Nicholas to fill with candies.
Families gather together on Christmas Eve to open their presents.
A traditional cake is eaten at Christmas time, called "Stollen" cake. It is very rich, fruity and coated with marzipan and icing sugar.
The Christmas tree originated.
At Christmas time if you been a bad boy or girl you will be visited by the evil Hans Muff and receive nothing.
In France
Every home displays a nativity scene featuring little clay figurines made in the south of this country.
The Christmas tree has never been popular here.
In many areas children receive gifts from Pere Noel.
They receive gifts on both December 6th and Christmas Day.
In other regions the gifts are delivered by "Le petit Jesus".
There is a traditional grand feast every year held after midnight mass on Christmas Eve.
A world famous cake is baked for the Christmas season in the shape of a log, usually coated in chocolate and extremely delicious.
One part of the country celebrates Christmas by eating turkey and chestnuts.
The capital city celebrates by eating oysters.
Adults wait until New Years Day to exchange gifts.
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| 职称英语－职称英语六大题型王牌解题技巧汇萃9 |
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②暗示推理题
凡是题干中含有...imply, suggest等词的推理题，可以称为暗示推理题，做题思路是：根据题干或选项中的线索回原文定位，仔细阅读找到的相关句，然后比较选项，排除不正确的，找到对相关句进行同义表达或综合的正确答案。既然是暗示推理题，那么答案不能一字不差地照搬原文词句，而应对原文词句做出同义改写。这种改写可以通过利用同义词、改变原句顺序或结构等方式完成。题干中如含有learn from the passage that也可视为这种推推论题。要求推出的结论可能与文章主旨有关，也可能关系不大。但不管如何，碰到这种推理题，都应尽可能速读全文后再做，因为它的综合 性较强。与主旨有关的推论题，可以仔细阅读文中的表达主旨的相关句；在读完文章后，扫一下选项，排除不太可能的选项(如：与原文明显矛盾的，提到了原文找不到依据的事实、细节或观点)，拿剩下的选项回原文寻找语言证据，两相对照，能够由原文表面文字信息 合理推出来的，即为正确答案。
补全短文的必背解题技巧
一、补全短文的解题技巧
（一）、标题定文体:说明、说理、叙述
（二）、再看选项A-D
1. 抓主干，猜大意，弄清是个啥东西：定义、因果、例子、措施
2. 不要放过特征词：代词、专用名字、连接词、数字
3. 小词帮你出大力，时态帮你里顺序，标点解决大问题
（三）回头再去看课文，明确1-5位置
1. 开头常是主题句，莫忘调头看标题（指首段首句），还有上、下主题句，不行再看前和尾
2. 中间不忘主题句，前詹后望找启示
3. 末尾常是下结论，也可排比和例子
（四）
1. 绝对常是干扰项，意思太泛太窄要小心
2. 警惕无关、离题词，两项相近是主题
3. 两项相同时，周围重复的字越多，是选项
4. 填进句子的主语可是上句的客体（宾语、表语）
5. 总体观，相互补，做题不要按顺序，先做易，莫忘近邻上下文，记住5次连一起，看看合理不合理。
你的路障是单词,更是思维和心境(今年出题可能从书上出补全短文)冒号后面可以有大写。
二、补全短文常用连词
1.结构词（连接词，介词等）
1) 并列 递进
and 和；又；及
either ...or… 或者…或者…
neither…nor… 既不…也不…
besides 在…旁边；除了
in addition 另外
still then 就在那时
also 也 such as… 象…一样
in other words 换句话说
as well 也，此外
likewise 也，而且
this means 这意味着
not only…but also 不但…而且 the same …as 和…一样
similar 相似的
like 象…
such 如此
even 甚至，更
furthermore 更
2) 转折
but 但是
however 但是
though 尽管
although 尽管
whereas 然而
while/ nevertheless 然而 not …but 不是…而是
despite 不管
in spite of 不管
unlike 不象
unfortunately 不幸地
on the other hand 另一方面 instead (of ) 代替
rather (than) 不是…而是
conversely 相反地
unless 除非
no matter how/ what/ where /who无论怎样/什么/在哪里/谁
3) 比较
while 然而
on the contrary to 相反地
in contrast 相反
prefer A to B 宁愿选A而不选B the more…the more 越…越…
as … as 和…一样
not so / as …as 不和…一样
more /less than 多/少于 inferior to 比…低级（次）
superior to 比…高级（好）
4) 原因
because (of ) 因为，由于
as 因为，由于 since 因为
as a result of 因为，由于 due to 由于
for the reason 因为，由于
thanks to 由于
5) 结果
as a result 结果…
so 因此 Consequently 结果
so (such) … that 如此…以至于 Thus, therefore 因此
6) 列举
first(ly) 首先
second(ly) 其次
third(ly) 再次 finally 最后
one factor (problem, means, feature) 一个因素（问题，方法，特色） another… 另一个…
the most …最…的
完形填空的必背解题技巧
一、完形填空的考查重点
完形填空旨在测试考生对语言的理解程度和综合运用语言的能力。职称英语考试中 的完形填空 测试是在一篇难度适中，长度为150词左右的短文。短文中留出15个空白，每个空白为一题，每题 有四个选项。要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择最佳答案，使短文意思完整，文理通顺 、结构严谨、主题明确。
完形填空难于单句填空，因为它要求应试者从单句的理解水平提高到语篇的理解水平。完形填空所设计的每一处空白在内容上都与上下文密切相关，因此在做这类考题时，我们不应像 对待单句选择那样去孤立地解决某一问题。要做好完形填空，考生不但要有相当的语法、词汇、写作知识及运用技巧，而且要有一定的语篇分析能力，较好的语感和逻辑思维以及比 较广泛的背景知识。
完形填空考题的设计一般是从以下三个方面出发的：(1)语法结构，(2)词法结构，(3)上下文之间的逻辑关系。在20个选项中，要求填入实词(动词、名词和形容词等)的约占70%，其他为虚词(介词、副词等)的约占30%。要填的词几乎涉及各个词类，动词含有不同的时态和语态 。
二、完形填空的解题技巧
(一)完形填空的一般解题步骤是：
1.通读全文。首先要阅读整篇文章，理解全文内容。同时对全文的语言表达方式，比如文章用的时态、语态、文章的措辞与口气等方面得出大致印象。
2.逻辑判断。在阅读全篇的基础上，开始从头判断每个空所缺的词的语言形式，如词类、时态、语态；并判断该词应具有的符合文章上下文的词义。
3.理解选择。从给出的4个选项中，选出在语法与词义上均与原文相符合的一个。
(二)考生要提高完形填空的成绩，首先应注重提高自己应用语言的各种能力。这就要求他们：
1.选择词时，应善于通过阅读上下文找出与空中所缺词有关的词境线索。比如，注意前面是否已经提到该词所涉及的内容，所缺词应是肯定形式还是否定形式等。
2.职称英语考试中的完形填空有四个给定选项，所以考生答题时可采用排除法，就是把给出的4个词中在语法或词义方面不恰当的词排除掉，从而找出正确答案。
3.做完形填空试题时，比较忌讳看一个空填一个空。这样做，尽管所选的词，可能从语法和词义上都比较合适，但由于缺乏对整篇文章的了解，可能会出现一连串选词错误，造成这些句子的句意与全篇文章的意思不和谐，甚至出现前后矛盾的现象。
4.通过对近几年职称英语考试完形填空试题的分析，我们发现，在所需填的词中，结构词占一定比例，但至少60%以上是实义词，难度较大。考生若没有对全文的正确理解，就不可能 把这些空中所缺的词全部填对。?
5.考生在阅读的过程中要注意知识的积累，特别要加强对语言感受力的培养。完形填空不是单句填空，要求通过一定的语境线索进行分析，所以考生只有通过大量的阅读，增强语感和对语言的敏感程度。
6.考试中虽然只有一篇完形填空，但选材范围很广。所以考生平日应广闻博记，熟悉各种不同文体、不同题材，以及不同语言风格的文章。
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| 行业英语：英文报刊常用术语词汇 |
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accredited journalist n.特派记者
advertisement n.广告
advance n.预发消息；预写消息
affair n.桃色新闻；绯闻
anecdote n.趣闻轶事
assignment n.采写任务
attribution n.消息出处；消息来源
back alley news n.小道消息
backgrounding n.新闻背景
Bad news travels quickly. 坏事传千里
banner n.通栏标题
beat n.采写范围
blank vt."开天窗"
body n.新闻正文
boil vt.压缩（篇幅）
box n.花边新闻
brief n.简讯
bulletin n.新闻简报
byline n.署名文章
caption n.图片说明
caricature n.漫画
carry vt.刊登
cartoon n.漫画
censor vt.审查（新闻稿件），新闻审查
chart n.（每周流行音乐等）排行榜
clipping n.剪报
column n.专栏，栏目
columnist n.专栏作家
continued story 连载故事，连载小说
contributing editor 特约编辑
contribution n.（投给报刊的）稿件，投稿
contributor n.投稿人
copy desk n.新闻编辑部
copy editor n.文字编辑
correction n.更正（启事）
correspondence column 读者来信专栏
correspondent n.驻外记者，常驻外埠记者
cover vt.采访，采写
cover girl n.封面女郎
covert coverage 隐性采访，秘密采访
crop vt.剪辑（图片）
crusade n.宣传攻势
cut n.插图 vt.删减（字数）
cut line n.插图说明
daily n.日报
dateline n.新闻电头
deadline n.截稿时间
dig vt.深入采访，追踪（新闻线索），"挖"（新闻）
digest n.文摘
editorial n.社论
editorial office 编辑部
editor's notes 编者按
exclusive n.独家新闻
expose n.揭丑新闻，新闻曝光
extra n.号外
eye-account n.目击记，记者见闻
faxed photo 传真照片
feature n.特写，专稿
feedback n.信息反馈
file n.发送消息，发稿
filler n.补白
First Amendment （美国宪法）第一修正案（内容有关新闻、出版自由等）
five "W's" of news 新闻五要素
flag n.报头，报名
folo (=follow-up) n.连续报道
Fourth Estate 第四等级（新闻界的别称）
freedom of the Press 新闻自由
free-lancer n.自由撰稿人
full position 醒目位置
Good news comes on crutches. 好事不出门。
grapevine n.小道消息
gutter n.中缝
hard news 硬新闻，纯消息
headline n.新闻标题，内容提要
hearsay n.小道消息
highlights n.要闻
hot news 热点新闻
human interest 人情味
in-depth reporting 深度报道
insert n.& vt.插补段落，插稿
interpretative reporting 解释性报道
invasion of privacy 侵犯隐私（权）
inverted pyramid 倒金字塔（写作结构）
investigative reporting 调查性报道
journalism n.新闻业，新闻学
Journalism is literature in a hurry 新闻是急就文学.
journalist n.新闻记者
kill vt.退弃（稿件），枪毙（稿件）
layout n.版面编排，版面设计
lead n.导语
libel n.诽谤（罪）
makeup n.版面设计
man of the year 年度新闻人物，年度风云人物
mass communication 大众传播（学）
mass media 大众传播媒介
master head n.报头，报名
media n.媒介，媒体
Mere report is not enough to go upon. 仅是传闻不足为凭.
morgue n.报刊资料室
news agency 通讯社
news clue 新闻线索
news peg 新闻线索，新闻电头
newsprint n.新闻纸
news value 新闻价值
No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息，不闻凶讯便是吉
nose for news 新闻敏感
obituary n.讣告
objectivity n.客观性
off the record 不宜公开报道
opinion poll 民意浏验
periodical n.期刊
pipeline n.匿名消息来源
popular paper 大众化报纸，通俗报纸
press n.报界，新闻界
press conference 新闻发布会，记者招待台
press law 新闻法
press release 新闻公告，新闻简报
PR man 公关先生
profile n.人物专访，人物特写
proofreader n.校对员
pseudo event 假新闻
quality paper 高级报纸，严肃报纸
quarterly n.季刊
readability n.可读性
reader's interest 读者兴趣
reject vt.退弃（稿件）
remuneration n.稿费，稿酬
reporter n.记者
rewrite vt.改写（稿件）;改稿
round-up n.综合消息
scandal n.丑闻
scoop vt."抢"（新闻） n.独家新闻
sensational a.耸人听闻的，具有轰动效应的
sex scandal 桃色新闻
sidebar n.花絮新闻
slant n.主观报道，片面报道
slink ink "爬格子"
soft news 软新闻
source n.新闻来源，消息灵通人士
spike vt.退弃（稿件），"枪毙"（稿件）
stone vt.拼版
story n.消息，稿件，文章
stringer n.特约记者，通讯员
subhead n.小标题，副标题
supplement n.号外，副刊，增刊
suspended interest 悬念
thumbnail n."豆腐干"（文章）
timeliness n.时效性，时新性
tip n.内幕新闻，秘密消息
trim n.删改（稿件）
update n.更新（新闻内容），增强（时效性）
watchdog n.&vt.舆论监督
weekly n.周报
wire service n.通讯社
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| 英文诗歌－当你满23岁时该知道些什么 |
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On His Being Arrived to the Age of Twenty-Three
by John Milton
How soon hath Time, the subtle thief of youth,
Stolen on his wing my three-and-twentieth year!
My hasting days fly on with full career,
But my late spring no bud or blossom shew'th.
Perhaps my semblance might deceive the truth
That I to manhood am arrived so near;
And inward ripeness doth much less appear,
That some more timely-happy spirits endu'th.
Yet, be it less or more, or soon or slow,
It shall be still in strictest measure even
To that same lot, however mean or high,
Toward which Time leads me, and the will of Heaven;
All is, if I have grace to use it so,
As ever in my great Task-Master's eye.
满二十三周岁
时间啊，这窃取青春的巧贼，竟这样
迅速地用双翅运走了我的二十三岁，
我的逝水年华匆匆地过去，
但我的暮春却不曾开花结蕾；
我的面貌也许还不够苍老，
但是我确已接近成人的年岁，
我的内心更显得不够成熟，
远不如那些早立业的同辈；
但不管我成熟迟早，或快或慢，
这和我既定的命运--那时间与天意
要领我达到的命运无论是（贵贱）--
仍然会严格符合，不爽毫厘。
只要我好自为之，一切都还是
在我的严厉主人监督的眼里。
注：这首十四行诗可能是弥尔顿在1631年12月9日周岁生日当天或在1632年早些时候写的。他在1632年7月获剑桥大学硕士学位前夕就准备放弃他原先打算进入教会的初衷，因此他的一位朋友试图对他进行规劝。弥尔顿给他的朋友写了一封信作为回答，并在信中附上这首十四行诗。
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| 英文演讲－President's Radio Address |
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THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. In a time of war, America's top priority should be to ensure that our troops on the front lines get the funding they need. So beginning in February, I submitted detailed funding requests to Congress to fund operations in the war on terror. Congress has had months to pass this funding. Unfortunately, with just days to go before members leave for their Christmas vacation, they still have not come through with these funds.
This week Congress considered a defense authorization bill. An authorization bill is a pledge to spend money. Under such a bill, Congress will make a promise to fund our troops in combat. But a congressional promise -- even if enacted -- does not pay the bills. It is time for Congress to provide our troops with actual funding.
The stakes are high for our men and women on the front lines. Our troops are striking blows against the terrorists and extremists in Iraq and Afghanistan -- and these funds are critical to their continued success. The funds I have requested include money to carry out combat operations against the enemy. They include money to train the Iraqi and Afghan security forces to take on more responsibility for the defense of their countries. They include money for civilian agencies deployed in the field with our military to help build local governments and create jobs. And they include money for intelligence operations to protect our troops on the battlefield.
Congress has had plenty of time to consider the emergency funds our troops need. Time is running out. And Pentagon officials say that continued delay in funding our troops will soon begin to have a damaging impact on the operations of our military. Congress' responsibility is clear: They must deliver vital funds for our troops -- and they must do it before they leave for Christmas. Our men and women on the front lines will be spending this holiday season far from their families and loved ones. And this Christmas, they deserve more than words from Congress. They deserve action.
Thank you for listening.
END
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| 学习技巧-通过阅读学词汇CET-6（35） |
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Unit thirty-five
Xenotransplantation
Transplant surgeons work miracles. They take organs from one body and integrate them into another, granting the lucky recipient a longer, butter life. Sadly, every year thousands of other people are less fortunate, dying while they wait for suitable organs to be found. The terrible constraint on organ transplantation is that every life extended depends in the death of someone young enough and healthy enough to have organs worth transplanting. Such donors are few. The waiting lists are long, and getting longer.
Freedom from this constraint is the dream of every transplant surgeon. So far attempts to make artificial organs have been disappointing: nature is hard to mimic. Hence the renewed interest in trying to use organs from animals.
Doctors in India have just announced that they have successfully transplanted a heart from a pig into a person. Pressure to increase the number of such "xenotransplants" seems to be growing. In Europe and America, herds of pigs are being specially bred and genetically engineered for organ donation. During 1996 at least two big reports on the subject - one in Europe and on in America - were published. They agreed that xenotransplants were permissible on ethical grounds, and cautiously recommended that they be allowed. America's Food and Drug Administration has already published draft guidelines for xenotransplantation.
The ethics of xenotransplantation are relatively unworrying. People already kill pigs both for food and for sport; killing them to save a human life seems, if anything, easier to justify. However, the science of xenotransplantation much less straightforward.
Import an organ from one animal to another and you may bring with it any number of infectious diseases. That much is well known. However, coping with this danger is not merely a matter of screening for obvious ills such as parasites. Many diseases that could harm humans may be both undetectable and harmless in their natural hosts. Diseases that have been dormant for years may suddenly become active if they find themselves in a new environment, such as a human recipients's body. After that , they may start to infect other people.
The risk of this happening should not be underestimated. The DNA of every organism carries within it hundreds of ghosts of infections past. Such "retroviruses" - which include HIV, the virus that causes AIDS - always incorporate themselves into the DNA of their hosts. Many retroviruses (although not HIV) also incorporate themselves into their hosts' eggs or sperm, and are passed passively from parent to child. Although it is true that most retroviruses gradually lose their infectious powers, some retain their ability to leap out of the host DNA - often much later. Certain pig retroviruses are probably among these.
Of course it is possible that none of the retroviruses will be harmful to humans: possible too that scientists will eventually isolate all prospective trouble-makers. But at a time when thousands of British cattle are being slaughtered because of the suspicion that they have a disease that may be transmissible to humans, it seems a reckless gamble to take.
transplant vt.1.移植,移种 2.移植(器官) n.(器官)移植
transplantation n.1.移栽,移种 2.移植(术)
surgeon n.外科医生
[联想词] dentist n.牙科医生
bruise n.青肿,挫伤 vt.1.打青,使受瘀伤 2.挫伤,伤害
scar 伤痕,伤疤
organ n.器官
[联想词] belly n.肚子
flank n.1.肋,肋腹 2.侧翼,翼侧
thigh n.股,大腿
bowel n.肠
gland n.腺
kidney n.肾(脏)
vein n.静脉,血管
recipient n.接受者,接收者
constrain vt. 1.限制,约束 2.克制,抑制
constraint n.1.限制,约束 2.限制(或约束)性的事物
donate v.捐赠,赠送
donor n.捐赠者,赠送人
mimic v.(mimicked; mimicking) 模仿 n.1.善于模仿的人 2.仿制品
[联想词] imitate vt.1.模仿,仿效 2.仿制,仿造
imitation n.1.模仿 2.仿制,仿制品,赝品
simulate vt.1.模仿,模拟 2.假装,冒充
hence ad.1.因此,所以 2.今后,从此
[联想词] henceforth ad.从今以后,从此以后
thereafter ad.之后,以后
hitherto ad.到目前为止,迄今
beforehand ad.预先,事先
forthcoming a.1.即将到来的,即将出演的 2.可得到的,乐于提供消息的
xeno- comb. 表示"异","外来的"
genetic a.遗传(学)的 n.遗传学
permissible a.可允许的,许可的
ethic n.1.道德准则,行为准则,伦理标准 2.伦理学
[联想词] ethnic a.种族的
straightforward a.正直的,坦率的 2.易懂的,简单的
infectious a.1.传染的,有传染性的 2.有感染力的
infection n.1.传染病 2.传染,传播,感染
parasite n.1.寄生虫 2.寄生生物
underestimate vt. 对…估计不足,低估 n.估计不足,低估
retro- pref. 表示"后","向后",回复","回报"
retrovirus n.逆转病
retrospect n.回顾
incorporate vt.1.包含,加上,吸收 2.把…合并,使并入
sperm n.精子
prospective a.预期的,未来的,可能的
slaughter vt. n. 1.屠杀,杀戮 2.屠宰
[联想词] massacre vt.1. 大规模屠杀,残杀2.彻底击败 n.1.大屠杀 2.惨败
assassination n.刺杀,暗杀
reckless a. 鲁莽的,不考虑后果的
[联想词] rash a.轻率的,鲁莽的
hasty 1.轻率的,草率的 2.急速的,匆忙的
gamble vi.1.赌博,打赌 2.投机,冒险 vt.赌,以…为赌注 n.1.赌博,打赌 2.投机,冒险
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